Question 1

The goal of ______________ is to use psychological knowledge to address problems and issues across various settings and professions,including law,education,clinical psychology,and business organization and management.
A)basic psychology
B)industrial and organizational psychology
C)forensic psychology
D)applied psychology

Accepted Answer

Applied psychology focuses on the practical application of psychological theories, principles, and methods to solve real-world problems in various fields, such as education, business, and law. Industrial and organizational psychology is a subfield of applied psychology that specifically focuses on workplace issues, while forensic psychology applies psychological principles to legal issues. However, applied psychology encompasses all of these fields and more, making it the best choice for the given question.

Question 2

No matter what they specialize in,psychologists who teach and/or conduct research at colleges and universities can be referred to as ______________ psychologists.
A)academic
B)school
C)forensic
D)clinical

Accepted Answer

Psychologists who teach and conduct research at colleges and universities are commonly referred to as academic psychologists. "School" psychologists work in K-12 schools to provide educational and emotional support for students. "Forensic" psychologists work in legal settings, and "clinical" psychologists primarily focus on treating mental health disorders in patients.

Question 3

A friend of yours is interested in getting a graduate degree and eventually becoming a clinical psychologist.She wants her education to focus almost exclusively on the practice of clinical psychology,and to include very little research or scientific training.Which type of graduate degree programs should she apply to?
A)PhD
B)PsyD
C)MD
D)EdD

Accepted Answer

A PsyD (Doctor of Psychology) program typically focuses more on clinical practice and less on research, making it a better fit for someone who wants their education to focus exclusively on clinical psychology practice. A PhD program, on the other hand, places a greater emphasis on research and scientific training. MD (Doctor of Medicine) and EdD (Doctor of Education) may not be relevant for someone who wants to pursue a career in clinical psychology.

Question 4

Vido has a master's degree and has been studying how family dynamics and a person's socioeconomic situation can affect wellbeing and mental health.What type of professional is Vido most likely to become?
A)human factors psychologist
B)psychiatrist
C)school psychologist
D)social worker

Accepted Answer

Vido's focus on how family dynamics and socioeconomic factors can affect mental health suggests a career in social work, which often involves providing therapy and support services to individuals and families facing a range of challenges related to their social and economic circumstances. A human factors psychologist typically studies how humans interact with technology, design, and the environment, while a psychiatrist is a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental illness. A school psychologist works primarily within a school setting to support the academic and emotional development of students.

Question 5

Dr.Fernwood is a research psychologist.The main focus of her research is to use psychological knowledge to find ways to reduce bullying in schools.Dr.Fernwood's research could be described as ____________ psychology.
A)basic
B)forensic
C)applied
D)I/O

Accepted Answer

Applied psychology focuses on the practical application of psychological theories and principles. Dr. Fernwood's research has a specific practical goal in mind - to reduce bullying in schools - making it an example of applied psychology. Basic psychology focuses on advancing our understanding of psychological phenomena, forensic psychology applies psychological principles in legal settings, and I/O psychology focuses on workplace behavior and decision-making.

Question 6

Which of the following is true about school psychologists?
A)They only work with students who have moderate to severe cognitive disabilities.
B)They typically spend most of their time doing experimental research.
C)Most school psychologists have only a bachelor's degree.
D)They usually work in coordination with teachers,parents,and counselors.

Accepted Answer

School psychologists typically work in coordination with teachers, parents, and counselors to provide comprehensive support for students' academic, social, and emotional needs. They conduct assessments, provide interventions, and offer consultation to help students succeed both in and outside of the classroom. While some school psychologists may also conduct research, this is not the primary focus of their role. Additionally, school psychologists are required to have a graduate degree (either a master's or doctoral degree) in psychology or a related field, and typically must be licensed or certified in their state.

Question 7

________________ psychology involves work with students with special needs,such as emotional,social or academic problems.
A)Forensic
B)Academic
C)Clinical
D)School

Accepted Answer

School psychology involves assessment, diagnosis, intervention, and prevention of academic, social, and emotional problems in students, particularly those with special needs. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. Forensic psychology is concerned with the intersection of psychology and the law, academic psychology focuses on research and teaching in universities, and clinical psychology involves assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of mental health disorders in individuals.

Question 8

A central theme in social psychology is that
A)human behavior can be best understood by studying individuals out of context.
B)behavior is a function of both the individual and the environment they are in.
C)social situations generally have the same effect on everyone.
D)individuals act similarly,no matter what context they are placed in.

Accepted Answer

Social psychology emphasizes that behavior is influenced by both individual factors (such as personality, cognition, and emotions) and situational factors (such as social norms, culture, and social roles). Therefore, understanding behavior requires an analysis of both the person and their context. Choices A and D are contrary to this perspective and are therefore incorrect. Choice C assumes that people respond uniformly to social situations, which is not always the case.

Question 9

What two things do most members of the helping profession (i.e.,mental health professionals)have in common?
A)they have graduate degrees and state licensure or certification
B)they perform research and work at universities or colleges
C)they have a PhD and a federal certificate to practice psychotherapy
D)they can prescribe medication and have people committed to psychiatric hospitals.

Accepted Answer

Most members of the helping profession, such as mental health professionals, have graduate degrees and state licensure or certification. These qualifications are typically required to practice in the field and provide quality care to clients. B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the commonalities among helping professionals.

Question 10

Nico is meeting with his academic adviser.He wishes to pursue a career where he'll work to diagnose and treat mental disorders.Nico aspires to be a(n)
A)clinical psychologist.
B)experimental psychologist.
C)forensic psychologist.
D)school psychologist.

Accepted Answer

Clinical psychologists are specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders, making it the best choice for Nico's career aspirations. Experimental psychologists focus on conducting research experiments to advance general knowledge about behavior and mental processes. Forensic psychologists apply their knowledge of psychological principles to legal issues, such as testifying in court. School psychologists help students with academic and behavioral problems.

Question 11

In general,_________________ are more likely to prescribe drugs when treating mental health concerns and problems,while _________________ are more likely to emphasize psychological approaches such as talk therapy.
A)social workers; psychiatrists
B)psychiatrists; clinical psychologists
C)clinical psychologists; psychiatrists
D)social workers; clinical psychologists

Accepted Answer

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who can prescribe medication, while clinical psychologists focus on psychotherapy and behavioral interventions.

Question 12

A central concept behind the field of health psychology is that
A)psychologists should treat the body before they treat the mind.
B)certain behaviors and psychological traits can have a detrimental effect on your health.
C)mental health problems are the result of untreated physical ailments.
D)psychologists should treat patients in the same way physicians treat physical disease.

Accepted Answer

The central concept behind the field of health psychology is that certain behaviors and psychological traits can have a detrimental effect on a person's physical health. Health psychologists focus on the interaction between biological, psychological, and social factors that contribute to illness and disease. They work to identify and change negative behaviors and thought patterns that can lead to health problems. Treatment often involves a combination of traditional psychological therapy and medical interventions.

Question 13

Dr.Barnouti has a Ph.D.in psychology and works for the military.His goal is to find a way to keep soldiers alert and focused during long missions where they get little to no sleep.Dr.Barnouti would best be described as a _________ psychologist.
A)basic
B)research
C)forensic
D)academic

Accepted Answer

Dr.Barnouti's work involves conducting research to solve a specific problem related to soldier performance, which aligns with the role of a research psychologist. A basic psychologist focuses on general principles of behavior, an academic psychologist may focus on teaching or researching a broad range of topics, and a forensic psychologist applies psychological principles to legal issues.

Question 14

What is one similarity shared by clinical psychologists and psychiatrists?
A)They obtain the same graduate degree.
B)They have the same training experiences after college.
C)They view abnormal behaviors as arising from the same causes.
D)They diagnose and treat people experiencing psychological disorders.

Accepted Answer

Both clinical psychologists and psychiatrists diagnose and treat people experiencing psychological disorders. While their approaches to treatment may differ (psychologists may focus more on behavioral interventions, while psychiatrists may prescribe medication), they both have the same goal of helping individuals improve their mental health. A is incorrect because clinical psychologists typically obtain a Ph.D. or Psy.D., while psychiatrists obtain an M.D. B is incorrect because training experiences can vary between the two professions. C is incorrect because while both professions acknowledge that abnormal behaviors may have multiple causes (biological, environmental, etc.), they may approach treatment from different perspectives.

Question 15

______________ psychologists are generally interested in how the behavior of individuals can be influenced by other people.
A)Social
B)Gestalt
C)Behavioral
D)Humanistic

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists specifically focus on how individuals are influenced by social interactions and group dynamics.

Question 16

Which of the following is a forensic psychologist most likely to do?
A)train and evaluate police officers
B)profile criminals
C)help detectives investigate a crime
D)read the body language of suspects

Accepted Answer

While a forensic psychologist may have knowledge and skills in all of the areas listed, their primary role is to apply psychological principles and research to assist in legal cases. This often involves training and evaluating police officers to ensure they are competent to perform their duties, and to help prevent wrongful convictions.

Question 17

Because ______________ is a branch of medicine,it is usually practiced by a medical doctor (M.D.).
A)psychiatry
B)clinical psychology
C)social work
D)forensic psychology

Accepted Answer

Psychiatry is a branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illness. As it is a medical field, it is usually practiced by a medical doctor (M.D.). Clinical psychology, forensic psychology, and social work may require advanced degrees and certifications but do not necessarily require an M.D.

Question 18

Kurt Lewin is often cited as the founder of which perspective?
A)social psychology
B)cognitive psychology
C)behaviorism
D)humanistic psychology

Accepted Answer

Kurt Lewin is often considered the founder of social psychology, which focuses on how individuals and groups interact with one another and how social situations influence behavior and attitudes. While Lewin was also influential in cognitive psychology and played a role in the development of humanistic psychology, his work is most closely associated with social psychology. Lewin emphasized the importance of considering the broader social context in understanding behavior and advocated for the use of experimental methods in studying social phenomena.

Question 19

A __________ works in prisons,trains and evaluates police officers,assists with jury selection,and evaluates whether defendants are able to stand trial.
A)clinical psychologist
B)school psychologist
C)I/O psychologist
D)forensic psychologist

Accepted Answer

A forensic psychologist specializes in applying psychological principles within the legal and criminal justice system, including working in prisons and evaluating defendants' competency to stand trial. They may also assist with jury selection and provide training for police officers.

Question 20

Which of the following is true about psychiatrists and clinical psychologists?
A)psychiatrists have PsyD degrees while clinical psychologists typically have a PhD
B)psychiatrists have PhD degrees while clinical psychologists typically have a only a master's degree
C)psychiatrists have PhD degrees while clinical psychologists typically have a PsyD
D)psychiatrists have medical degrees while clinical psychologists typically have a PhD or PsyD

Accepted Answer

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who specialize in mental health and can prescribe medication. They typically have an MD degree, while clinical psychologists have advanced degrees in psychology such as a PhD or PsyD.

Quiz 1: Introducing Psychological Science

The goal of ______________ is to use psychological knowledge to address problems and issues across various settings and professions,including law,education,clinical psychology,and business organization and management.

No matter what they specialize in,psychologists who teach and/or conduct research at colleges and universities can be referred to as ______________ psychologists.

Vido has a master's degree and has been studying how family dynamics and a person's socioeconomic situation can affect wellbeing and mental health.What type of professional is Vido most likely to become?

Dr.Fernwood is a research psychologist.The main focus of her research is to use psychological knowledge to find ways to reduce bullying in schools.Dr.Fernwood's research could be described as ____________ psychology.

Which of the following is true about school psychologists?

________________ psychology involves work with students with special needs,such as emotional,social or academic problems.

A central theme in social psychology is that

What two things do most members of the helping profession (i.e.,mental health professionals) have in common?

Nico is meeting with his academic adviser.He wishes to pursue a career where he'll work to diagnose and treat mental disorders.Nico aspires to be a(n)

In general,_ are more likely to prescribe drugs when treating mental health concerns and problems,while _ are more likely to emphasize psychological approaches such as talk therapy.

A central concept behind the field of health psychology is that

Dr.Barnouti has a Ph.D.in psychology and works for the military.His goal is to find a way to keep soldiers alert and focused during long missions where they get little to no sleep.Dr.Barnouti would best be described as a _________ psychologist.

What is one similarity shared by clinical psychologists and psychiatrists?

______________ psychologists are generally interested in how the behavior of individuals can be influenced by other people.

Which of the following is a forensic psychologist most likely to do?

Because ______________ is a branch of medicine,it is usually practiced by a medical doctor (M.D.) .

Kurt Lewin is often cited as the founder of which perspective?

A __________ works in prisons,trains and evaluates police officers,assists with jury selection,and evaluates whether defendants are able to stand trial.

Which of the following is true about psychiatrists and clinical psychologists?