Question 1

What is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)? Why did the number of "illnesses" grow from 60 in the 1952 edition to around 400 in the fourth edition? How does this illustrate the social construction of health and disease?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Why aren't antibiotics as successful in treating illnesses as they were several years ago?

Accepted Answer

Overuse and misuse of antibiotics have led to the development of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria, making it harder for antibiotics to be successful in treating illnesses. This has become a major concern in the medical community and efforts are being made to use antibiotics more appropriately to reduce further emergence of resistant bacteria.

Question 3

What did Barry Bogin find was different in the Mayans' lifestyle that allowed them to grow 4 inches taller in the United States than in Guatemala?

Accepted Answer

Barry Bogin found that the Mayans' diet in the United States was better than in Guatemala, which allowed them to grow 4 inches taller.

Question 4

List and describe two social changes that have resulted in diminished authority of doctors.How does diminished authority influence how doctors do their work? How does it change the way patients receive health care?

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Question 5

What did the former United Nations secretary-general Kofi Annan say was one of the most important factors in defeating infectious diseases?

Accepted Answer

Kofi Annan said that increasing access to clean water is one of the most important factors in defeating infectious diseases, as many of these illnesses are waterborne. Clean water helps prevent the spread of diseases, providing a safer environment for individuals to live in.

Question 6

Mika is going to Africa to implement a development project in a poor rural area.She takes Jeffrey Sachs's advice,focusing on malaria reduction.Which outcome is most likely?

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Question 7

After mental illness became "medicalized," what was one major change that occurred?

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Question 8

Which type of family has higher child mortality rates?

Accepted Answer

Large families tend to have higher child mortality rates due to limited resources, such as access to healthcare, food, and clean water. Additionally, overcrowding and poor living conditions can contribute to the spread of diseases. Urban or suburban families may have better access to resources and healthcare, while small families may be able to provide more individual attention and resources to each child.

Question 9

Race and ethnicity influence health,and so does socioeconomic status (SES).How do sociologists explain the association between race/ethnicity and health? How does SES influence that association (that is,does high SES always predict greater health and longevity,regardless of race/ethnicity)?

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Question 10

Elaine is a sociologist joining a multidisciplinary international development team.The team wants to promote economic development in underdeveloped parts of the world.Their funds are limited,so they want to choose the intervention that will be most effective.Elaine turns to sociological research and concludes that the most important intervention will be:

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Question 11

What is one reason men have higher mortality rates than women?

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Question 12

Marty used to be healthy,but now he is sick.What rights and obligations does he assume when he takes the "sick role"? What are some social benefits that a sick person can gain? What are some social problems he or she can gain?

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Question 13

What are some of the benefits of technological advances in diagnosis and treatment before birth? What are a few moral issues stemming from this technology? In your view,are these technological advances mostly beneficial or mostly problematic? Why?

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Question 14

Married people tend to live longer than unmarried people.It could be that they take better care of themselves when they have the responsibility of a family.It could also be that:

Accepted Answer

It is possible that people who are healthier are more likely to get married, as they may be more active, have fewer health problems, and attract potential partners more easily. This could contribute to the finding that married people tend to live longer than unmarried people.

Question 15

Discuss the historical evolution of doctors from a profession of little prestige to the important place they hold in present-day society.

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Question 16

James is 6 feet tall.Leroy is 5 feet 2 inches tall.There are surely many individual differences between James and Leroy,but sociological research predicts that based on height alone,James is likely to have:

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have found a positive correlation between height and a range of health outcomes, including lower risk of cardiovascular disease, longer lifespan, and better overall health. Therefore, James is more likely to have better health than Leroy based on his height alone.

Question 17

Tina is a homeless mentally ill woman.Psychiatrist Sam Tsemberis recommends giving her a ________,because ________ is the most important first step toward well-being.

Accepted Answer

Psychologist Sam Tsemberis recommends giving Tina housing as it is the most important first step towards well-being. Without a stable and secure place to stay, it is difficult for any individual, especially those struggling with mental illness and homelessness, to attain better physical and mental health. A key to a new home can give Tina a chance to change her life for the better.

Question 18

When looking at health globally,how do water quality and waterborne illnesses affect the health of poorer countries? What are some issues we are facing in conquering bacterial infectious diseases such as malaria,tuberculosis,and gonorrhea? What role,if any,should the United States play in helping poorer nations get access to safer drinking water and eradicating malaria and other diseases?

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Question 19

Eliana was given a ten-day course of antibiotics,but she stopped taking them once she started feeling better on day four.Eliana's decision seems to be personal,but it has social implications.What public health risk do we face if more and more people fail to complete prescribed courses of antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

Failing to complete the prescribed course of antibiotics can lead to the development of antimicrobial-resistant antigens, which can make treating infections more challenging and costly in the future. This poses a significant public health risk as it can lead to the spread of infections that are resistant to common antibiotics, making them harder to treat and potentially leading to more severe infections and higher mortality rates.

Quiz 11: Health and Society