Question 1

According to the ruling of the United States Supreme Court in Gibbons v.Ogden,as used in the Constitution's commerce clause,commerce means
A)all business dealings.
B)all business dealings that affect more than one state.
C)most business dealings that affect more than one state.
D)only business dealings that affect all of the states.

Accepted Answer

In Gibbons v. Ogden, the Supreme Court ruled that the commerce clause gives Congress the power to regulate all commerce that involves more than one state. Therefore, the correct definition of commerce, as used in the Constitution's commerce clause, is all business dealings that affect more than one state.

Question 2

Arno is judge in a country that follows a civil law system.In Arno's court,the primary source of law consists of
A)administrative decisions.
B)a statutory code.
C)case precedents.
D)the laws of other nations.

Accepted Answer

In a civil law system, the primary source of law is usually a statutory code, which is a comprehensive written statement of the legal rules governing society. Administrative decisions, case precedents, and foreign law may also be considered as sources of law, but they are not as important as the statutory code.

Question 3

Ahsan and Imani want to obtain a divorce and divide their marital property according to the principles of sharia.Officially recognized sharia courts with the full power of equivalent courts within a judicial system to rule on issues of divorce and financial disputes between couples have been sanctioned in
A)Canada.
B)Great Britain.
C)the United States.
D)no Western jurisdiction.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

According to Marbury v.Madison,the United States Supreme Court did not have the power,as part of its original jurisdiction,to issue writs of
A)attachment.
B)certiorari.
C)execution.
D)mandamus.

Accepted Answer

Marbury v. Madison held that the U.S. Supreme Court did not have the power, under the Constitution, to issue writs of mandamus as part of its original jurisdiction. However, the Court found that it did have the power to exercise judicial review over acts of Congress and the executive branch.

Question 5

Bly is a judge in a country that follows a common law system.In this system,Bly's application of a principle of law to a certain set of facts must be adhered to by
A)all judges in courts of inferior rank.
B)all other judges.
C)no other judges.
D)only those judges who elect to apply it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Bly is a judge in a country...

Question 6

Keisha is a state court judge.A statute of limitations limits
A)the amount of a judgment that Keisha can issue in any one case.
B)the length of a trial in Keisha's court.
C)the number of cases that Keisha is permitted to hear.
D)the time during which a certain suit can be brought in Keisha's court.

Accepted Answer

A statute of limitations is a law that sets a time limit on the right to bring a lawsuit. Therefore, it limits the time during which a certain suit can be brought in Keisha's court.

Question 7

Arnie posts online a note that "I have good pix of child & me" with a link to several pictures of minors engaged in sex.Arnie is charged with violating a statute that makes it a crime to distribute material intended to make others believe it is child pornography.He argues that the statute is unconstitutional.The court is most likely to hold that the statute is
A)unconstitutional because it criminalizes speech.
B)unconstitutional because it is overbroad.
C)unconstitutional because it is impermissibly vague.
D)valid because it does not prohibit a substantial amount of protected speech.

Accepted Answer

The statute in question prohibits the distribution of material intended to make others believe it is child pornography, not actual child pornography. The distribution of actual child pornography is not protected speech and can be prohibited. The court is likely to hold that the statute is valid because it does not prohibit a substantial amount of protected speech.

Question 8

Khalil and Jasmin sign a prenuptial agreement that provides for any dispute to be arbitrated according to Islamic law.When a dispute arises over the parties' marital property in Iowa,Jasmin files a suit in an Iowa state court to contest the arbitration provision.According to rulings in other states' courts in similar cases,the provision will most likely be
A)enforced.
B)rewritten to remove the Islamic law clause.
C)struck down as outside the common legal framework of our society.
D)suspended while the court considers an equitable result.

Accepted Answer

Courts generally favor enforcing validly agreed-upon arbitration provisions, including those that specify a particular body of law to govern disputes. While there have been controversial cases involving the application of foreign law or religious law, the general trend is toward upholding these agreements absent some showing of fraud or procedural unconscionability. Therefore, it is likely that the court will enforce the arbitration provision according to Islamic law.

Question 9

In a brief filed in Gene's suit against Hoyt in a federal court,Ilsa,Gene's attorney,cites,Jon v.Klint,an unpublished opinion.According to a ruling of the United States Supreme Court,the judge in Gene's suit
A)may consider the unpublished opinion persuasive.
B)must apply the unpublished opinion as binding.
C)must ignore the unpublished opinion.
D)must issue a judgment in Hoyt's favor.

Accepted Answer

According to a ruling by the United States Supreme Court, judges may consider unpublished opinions as persuasive authority, but are not bound to follow them as binding precedent. Therefore, Gene's judge may consider the unpublished opinion cited by Ilsa as persuasive, but is not required to apply it as binding precedent.

Question 10

In a brief filed in Lea's suit against Mica in a state court,Neil,Lea's attorney,cites,Ole! Cafe v.Pan Foods Corp.,an unpublished opinion.With respect to the persuasiveness of unpublished opinions,most states
A)allow their courts to consider such opinions.
B)do not allow their courts to consider such opinions.
C)impose certain hierarchical rankings.
D)require their courts to consider such opinions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a brief filed in Lea's suit...

Question 11

Paoli asserts against River City a claim based on allegedly conflicting rights and protections stemming from the U.S.Constitution.In this case,the role of the United States Supreme Court is to
A)decline to review the claim due to the conflict.
B)defuse the conflict by eliminating rights or protections.
C)designate a lower court to make a decision.
D)determine the appropriate balance.

Accepted Answer

The role of the United States Supreme Court in this case would be to determine the appropriate balance between Paoli's conflicting rights and protections stemming from the U.S Constitution. This is because the Supreme Court serves as the final arbiter of the interpretation and application of the Constitution, and is responsible for resolving complex legal disputes involving constitutional issues. The Court would need to carefully evaluate the underlying legal principles and values at stake in this case, and craft a decision that strikes a fair and appropriate balance between the conflicting interests of Paoli and River City.

Question 12

Congress intends to enact a law to criminalize the distribution of illegal child pornography on the Internet.Most likely to be held constitutional is a statute that prohibits
A)offers to provide,and requests to obtain,child pornography.
B)the possession of virtual child pornography.
C)the possession of real and virtual child pornography.
D)a substantial amount of protected speech-especially pornography.

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court has held that the distribution of child pornography is not protected under the First Amendment, and therefore, criminalizing offers to provide and requests to obtain it is likely to be held constitutional. Possession of virtual child pornography may not be considered illegal if it does not involve real children, and criminalizing the possession of real and virtual child pornography may raise concerns about free speech. Criminalizing a substantial amount of protected speech, especially pornography, would likely be considered a violation of the First Amendment.

Question 13

Clark appeals a decision in his suit against Dona,grounded on rights provided in the U.S.Constitution,to the United States Supreme Court.The task of the Court to interpret and give meaning to those rights is made more difficult because
A)foreign laws affect the legal environment unpredictably.
B)government's role alters with each new election.
C)parties' expectations vary with each step in the judicial process.
D)society's perceptions and needs change over time.

Accepted Answer

The given statement mentions that Clark's suit is grounded on rights provided by the U.S. Constitution. The U.S. Constitution is a living document that has been amended and interpreted over time. This means that society's perceptions and needs can change over time, making it difficult to interpret and give meaning to the rights provided in the Constitution. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 14

Michigan and many other states have set limits on the amount of general noneconomic damages that can be awarded in tort cases.Noneconomic damages include damages for
A)disfigurement.
B)lost income.
C)medical expenses.
D)property damage.

Accepted Answer

Noneconomic damages specifically refer to damages that cannot be quantified by financial loss, such as disfigurement, pain and suffering, emotional distress, and loss of consortium. Lost income and medical expenses are considered economic damages, while property damage is not typically awarded in tort cases involving personal injury. Therefore, only option A is a correct choice for the given question.

Question 15

World Investment & Trading,Inc.(WIT),encourages its employees to build trust with its customers and other companies.Unfounded complaints and exaggerated charges leveled against WIT online would most likely be regarded by a court as
A)an expression of fact.
B)a form of speech protected by the First Amendment.
C)an inappropriate online disclosure.
D)libelous.

Accepted Answer

The answer of World Investment & Trading,Inc.(WIT),encourages its employees to...

Question 16

In terms of the power of the United States Supreme Court,John Marshall's decision in Marbury v.Madison
A)delegated the power.
B)enlarged the power.
C)made no changes.
D)reduced the power.

Accepted Answer

John Marshall's decision in Marbury v. Madison enlarged the power of the United States Supreme Court by establishing the principle of judicial review, which allows the Court to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional. This gave the Court a significant check on the power of the legislative and executive branches of government.

Question 17

Ira is a judge in a court of equity.In this court,Ira may bar a suit if it is not filed within a proper time under the doctrine known as
A)equitable limitations.
B)equitable maxims.
C)laches.
D)limitation de baris.

Accepted Answer

The doctrine that Ira may use to bar a suit if it is not filed in a proper time is called laches. Laches is a defense based on the idea that if a party has delayed in bringing a claim and the delay has prejudiced the other party, then the court may bar the claim. Equitable limitations and equitable maxims refer to general principles that guide courts in making decisions in equity cases, but they do not specifically relate to time limitations on filing a suit. Limitation de baris is not a recognized legal term.

Question 18

California caps noneconomic damages in medical malpractice cases at $250,000.California and other states hope that such limits will reduce health-care expenditures by reducing
A)the frequency and severity of medical malpractice claims.
B)the frequency and severity of occurrences of medical negligence.
C)the number of legal and financial personnel,including attorneys.
D)the size of medical staffs,including "nonessential" personnel.

Accepted Answer

By capping noneconomic damages in medical malpractice cases, California and other states hope to reduce the frequency and severity of medical malpractice claims, as well as the associated costs for malpractice insurance and legal fees. This could ultimately lead to a reduction in overall health-care expenditures.

Question 19

In terms of the power of Congress,John Marshall's decision in Gibbons v.Ogden
A)delegated the power.
B)increased the power.
C)made no changes.
D)reduced the power.

Accepted Answer

John Marshall's decision in Gibbons v. Ogden increased the power of Congress by affirming that Congress had the power to regulate interstate commerce. This decision established the primacy of the federal government in matters of interstate commerce and helped to expand the power of the federal government over the states.

Question 20

Global Enterprises Corporation (GEC)engages in what some unhappy ex-employees and disgruntled consumers consider to be bad corporate behavior.These individuals post "horror stories" about GEC on rogue Web sites.By providing a forum for complaints,the potential for damage to the reputation of any corporation via the Internet has
A)decreased.
B)increased.
C)neither decreased nor increased.
D)both decreased and increased.

Accepted Answer

Rogue Web sites and social media have made it easier for individuals to publicly share their negative experiences with a company. This increases the potential for damage to the reputation of corporations through the internet. Therefore, the potential for damage to GEC's reputation has increased.

Quiz 1: A: Online Developments:

According to the ruling of the United States Supreme Court in Gibbons v.Ogden,as used in the Constitution's commerce clause,commerce means

Arno is judge in a country that follows a civil law system.In Arno's court,the primary source of law consists of

According to Marbury v.Madison,the United States Supreme Court did not have the power,as part of its original jurisdiction,to issue writs of

Bly is a judge in a country that follows a common law system.In this system,Bly's application of a principle of law to a certain set of facts must be adhered to by

Keisha is a state court judge.A statute of limitations limits

In a brief filed in Gene's suit against Hoyt in a federal court,Ilsa,Gene's attorney,cites,Jon v.Klint,an unpublished opinion.According to a ruling of the United States Supreme Court,the judge in Gene's suit

In a brief filed in Lea's suit against Mica in a state court,Neil,Lea's attorney,cites,Ole! Cafe v.Pan Foods Corp.,an unpublished opinion.With respect to the persuasiveness of unpublished opinions,most states

Paoli asserts against River City a claim based on allegedly conflicting rights and protections stemming from the U.S.Constitution.In this case,the role of the United States Supreme Court is to

Congress intends to enact a law to criminalize the distribution of illegal child pornography on the Internet.Most likely to be held constitutional is a statute that prohibits

Clark appeals a decision in his suit against Dona,grounded on rights provided in the U.S.Constitution,to the United States Supreme Court.The task of the Court to interpret and give meaning to those rights is made more difficult because

Michigan and many other states have set limits on the amount of general noneconomic damages that can be awarded in tort cases.Noneconomic damages include damages for

World Investment & Trading,Inc.(WIT) ,encourages its employees to build trust with its customers and other companies.Unfounded complaints and exaggerated charges leveled against WIT online would most likely be regarded by a court as

In terms of the power of the United States Supreme Court,John Marshall's decision in Marbury v.Madison

Ira is a judge in a court of equity.In this court,Ira may bar a suit if it is not filed within a proper time under the doctrine known as

California caps noneconomic damages in medical malpractice cases at $250,000.California and other states hope that such limits will reduce health-care expenditures by reducing

In terms of the power of Congress,John Marshall's decision in Gibbons v.Ogden