Question 1

When making food choices, the best types of foods to include in your diet are:

Accepted Answer

Whole foods such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains and lean proteins provide a variety of essential nutrients, vitamins and minerals that are necessary for maintaining good health. Processed foods may contain added preservatives, sugars, and unhealthy fats that can be detrimental to your health. Fast foods are often high in calories, unhealthy fats, and added sugars, which can lead to weight gain and other health problems. Natural foods can be beneficial, but it is important to note that not all natural foods are nutritious, such as sugary fruits and fatty meats. Therefore, whole foods are the best choice when making food decisions.

Question 2

Three ounces of beef stew contains about the same amount of iron as three ounces of water-packed tuna, but the beef stew provides over 300 calories while the tuna provides about 100 calories. As regards iron, the tuna offers more:

Accepted Answer

Nutrient density refers to the amount of nutrients (such as iron) in relation to the amount of calories in a food. Since tuna provides a similar amount of iron but with fewer calories, it is considered more nutrient-dense than beef stew.

Question 3

A study conducted in several countries where a high intake of fish and a low intake of animal fat were correlated with a low rate of breast cancer death is an example of a(n):

Accepted Answer

The study is correlational in nature, comparing varying rates of fish and animal fat intake to rates of breast cancer death. This is a characteristic of epidemiological studies, which aim to identify risk factors or protective factors for diseases using observational methods. The other options (B, C, D) do not fit the description of this study, as they involve different methodologies such as analyzing a single case (B), implementing an intervention or treatment and measuring its effects (C), or manipulating variables in a controlled manner (D).

Question 4

Most foods that are high in calcium are poor sources of iron. This statement illustrates the importance of the characteristic of a nutritious diet known as:

Accepted Answer

Balance refers to the concept of consuming a variety of foods from different food groups in appropriate proportions to meet the body's nutritional needs. This statement highlights the need for balancing the intake of foods rich in different nutrients like calcium and iron to achieve a balanced and nutritious diet.

Question 5

An individual has begun to set small goals after writing an action plan for change. He is in what stage of behavior change?

Accepted Answer

The individual is in the preparation stage, as he has created an action plan and is beginning to set small goals. The contemplation stage is characterized by thinking about change but not yet taking any action, while the action and adoption stages involve implementing the change and maintaining it over time.

Question 6

Because nutrition science is a young category compared to other sciences, findings in nutrition research have been:

Accepted Answer

Nutrition science is still a developing field with new theories and studies emerging constantly. As a result, findings in nutrition research can often be contradictory as theories are tested and refined.

Question 7

When you are ill with a cold, you fix a bowl of chicken noodle soup to eat to feel better. What factor drives your food choice in this situation?

Accepted Answer

When ill with a cold, many people opt for chicken noodle soup because it provides emotional comfort. The warmth of the soup can feel soothing to the throat, while the smell and taste of the broth and herbs can provide a sense of comfort and relaxation. Additionally, this food choice is often associated with healing and maternal care, adding to the psychological benefits of consuming it when feeling unwell.

Question 8

The main purpose of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) is to:

Accepted Answer

The NHANES aims to assess the health and nutritional status of the US population, including determining their nutrient and dietary intakes. By doing so, policymakers and healthcare providers can identify areas where interventions can be made to improve the health outcomes of the population. The other choices do not accurately reflect the purpose of the NHANES.

Question 9

You purchase a food product that is enriched. This means that:

Accepted Answer

Enriched means that certain nutrients, such as vitamins or minerals, have been added to the product that may have been lost during processing. It does not necessarily mean that the product is nutritious or superior to other similar products. It is important to read the nutrition label to determine the overall nutritional value of the product.

Question 10

A false story has circulated for several years on the Internet about the chickens used by a popular national fried chicken chain. It claims that the chickens used by the company have been genetically modified to have no heads, beaks, or feet and are kept alive with feeding tubes. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

The false story about the genetically modified chickens lacking heads, beaks, and feet is an urban legend. Urban legends are false stories that are circulated widely but are not based on true events or facts.

Question 11

A woman who is trying to lose weight will be more successful if she:

Accepted Answer

Including physical activity in a weight loss plan can burn extra calories and improve overall health, leading to more successful weight loss. Focusing on broad goals and outcomes may not provide a clear plan of action, asking her husband to cook may not guarantee healthier meals, and ignoring barriers may lead to failure in changing behavior.

Question 12

Scientists have developed a new type of margarine containing plant ingredients they think will lower blood cholesterol levels in people who use the margarine. They want to test this by having some people use the new margarine for a while and then compare their cholesterol levels with those of a group of people who use regular margarine. This is an example of what type of research design?

Accepted Answer

This is an intervention study as it involves testing the effects of a specific intervention (using a new type of margarine) on a specific outcome (blood cholesterol levels) compared to a control group.

Question 13

Harry has a monotonous diet and eats the same foods every day. You try to convince him to eat a variety of foods because:

Accepted Answer

Eating a variety of foods is important to ensure that all essential nutrients are consumed, including some less well-known nutrients and non-nutrient food components that are important to health. Consuming the same foods every day can lead to deficiencies in these important nutrients.

Question 14

Your family always has rice available at every meal, just as it has been for every generation. This is an example of food selection due to:

Accepted Answer

The fact that rice has been a staple food for every generation in the family suggests that it is a cultural tradition to include rice in every meal. In this case, food selection is influenced by cultural heritage and customs.

Question 15

You are reading a news story about the effects of nutrient intakes on health. Which of the following would be a valid reason to consider following the advice in the article?

Accepted Answer

The meta-analysis of over 50 studies with a large number of subjects provides a strong basis for the nutrient intake recommendations being made.

Question 16

You see a new finding about nutrition reported in your local newspaper. Based on this information you would:

Accepted Answer

Waiting to apply the findings until they have been repeated and confirmed by scientists is the best choice. It is important to be cautious and not make significant changes to your diet based on a single study or report. The findings need to be replicated and confirmed by other reputable sources before making any major adjustments to your diet.

Question 17

Having cake and ice cream as part of a birthday celebration is an example of which food choice factor?

Accepted Answer

Cake and ice cream are commonly associated with happy celebrations such as birthdays, and therefore, choosing them for a birthday celebration falls under the food choice factor of positive association.

Question 18

The abundance of types of foods available today has made it:

Accepted Answer

With an abundance of options, it can be overwhelming and confusing to determine which foods are truly nutritious, making it more difficult to plan a well-balanced and nutritious diet.

Question 19

Which of the following foods offers the most nutrients per calorie?

Accepted Answer

Carrots are low in calories and high in nutrients like vitamin A, making them nutrient-dense.

Question 20

A person with heart disease is told he has to make some changes in his diet and lifestyle practices. He states "I know that I should make changes because my father and brother both died of heart attacks. But, I really like to have my big steaks for dinner." He is in what stage of behavior change?

Accepted Answer

The person is in the contemplation stage of behavior change because they understand the need for change but are still hesitant and not ready to take action.

Quiz 1: Food Choices and Human Health