Question 1

The overall prevalence for body dysmorphic disorder in the general population is about .

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that the overall prevalence for body dysmorphic disorder in the general population is around 2.2%. This means that out of 100 people, about 2 will have the disorder.

Question 2

Starting with the DSV-IV, panic disorder and agoraphobia were integrated into one disorder called panic disorder with agoraphobia. Why was this the case?

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Sophia and Layla are laying on the beach one sunny day when they see a woman walk past. They are astounded at the condition of this woman's skin. She is deeply bronzed from years of tanning, and her skin has a wrinkled and leathery look. Sophia says, "I can't believe she thinks that is good for her skin!" Layla, having read your textbook, says, "She may be tanning like that to cover up some flaw that she perceives in her own skin." Layla is clearly implying that this woman suffers from disorder.

Accepted Answer

Body dysmorphic disorder is a mental health condition in which a person becomes extremely preoccupied with perceived flaws or defects in their appearance that are not noticeable or barely noticeable to others. Someone with this disorder may spend a lot of time trying to conceal the perceived flaws, which could include excessive tanning to try to hide skin imperfections.

Question 4

The model of the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder suggests that in order for an individual to develop OCD, __________ must be present.

Accepted Answer

The model of the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder suggests that both biological and psychological vulnerabilities must be present for an individual to develop OCD. Biological vulnerabilities may include genetic predispositions, brain structure and functioning, and neurotransmitter imbalances. Psychological vulnerabilities may include cognitive biases, such as perfectionism or an inflated sense of responsibility, and anxiety sensitivity. These vulnerabilities interact with environmental factors to trigger the development of OCD.

Question 5

Describe posttraumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder, and discuss the difference between the two.

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

A rather unusual affliction that is marked by an unwarranted preoccupation with some imagined defect in one's physical appearance is called disorder.

Accepted Answer

The disorder described in the statement is body dysmorphic disorder. This disorder is characterized by an obsessive concern with one's supposed physical flaws or defects.

Question 7

Marika regularly shows up at school with bandages on her arm. When her friends ask her why she has a new one, she dodges the question and just says, "Oh I got a small cut." She is regularly seen playing with the bandages, and one day one of her friends was sure she saw Marika actually picking at her own skin in the same area of her arm. Which problem may Marika be challenged by?

Accepted Answer

Marika's behavior of repeatedly applying bandages and picking at her skin in the same area suggests that she may be struggling with excoriation or skin-picking disorder. This condition involves recurrent picking at one's skin, which can lead to tissue damage and scarring. The fact that Marika seems to be covering up her behavior and minimizing her injuries also suggests that she may feel ashamed or embarrassed about her actions. Trichotillomania involves recurrent hair-pulling and is not consistent with Marika's symptoms. Body dysmorphic disorder involves persistent preoccupation with perceived flaws in one's appearance, which is not evident in this scenario. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) typically involves repetitive, ritualistic behaviors that are driven by fear or anxiety, which does not fit Marika's behavior.

Question 8

Because people with body dysmorphic disorder often complain of persistent, intrusive, and horrible thoughts about their appearance, this condition is believed to be closely related to disorder.

Accepted Answer

Body dysmorphic disorder is often categorized as an obsessive-compulsive disorder because it involves recurrent and distressing thoughts that are difficult to control. These thoughts are typically focused on perceived flaws and defects in one's appearance. Individuals with body dysmorphic disorder often engage in compulsive behaviors such as checking or seeking reassurance about their perceived flaws, similar to the compulsions seen in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Question 9

Why do anxiety conditions differ from person to person?

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Define generalized anxiety disorder, and discuss how it differs from panic attacks.

Accepted Answer

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Question 11

The behavioral process in which OCD patients are not permitted to carry out their compulsions while in the presence of the anxiety-producing stimulus or situation is called

Accepted Answer

The behavioral process described is exposure and ritual prevention (ERP), which involves exposing the patient to anxiety-producing stimuli and preventing them from carrying out compulsive behaviors or rituals. This technique is commonly used in the treatment of OCD. The other options (B, C, D) do not accurately describe this process.

Question 12

Discuss obsessive-compulsive disorder, and explain the concept of thought-action fusion.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Overall it can be concluded that the combination of medical and psychological interventions for anxiety work

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

Tonia's house is almost unimaginable! She has piles of junk (she calls it "treasures") piled from floor to ceiling in virtually every room. There is a narrow pathway that she can use to walk from room to room. All of her furniture is covered in various items, so she has one small folding chair that she takes with her when she wants to sit down. Her bed has one small area that is clear enough for her to sleep. There is a foul odor in the house, mold growing under her piles of possessions, and she never has visitors. When Tonia tries to get rid of any possessions, she experiences tremendous anxiety and gives up quickly. Which diagnosis would best suit Tonia?

Accepted Answer

Tonia's behavior fits the criteria for hoarding disorder, which is characterized by difficulty discarding possessions regardless of their actual value, an accumulation of clutter that interferes with the us of living spaces, and significant distress or impairment in functioning. Tonia experiences anxiety when trying to get rid of items, and her living space is clearly affected by the clutter.

Question 15

Research studies have shown that combining exposure and ritual prevention (ERP) with medication when treating patients with OCD

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

A person with which of the following conditions might regularly wear hats, even in situations where it is not appropriate to do so, in order to hide unusual bald spots on their head?

Accepted Answer

Trichotillomania is a disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to pull out one's hair, leading to noticeable hair loss and bald spots. Individuals may wear hats to conceal these spots.

Question 17

Describe the symptoms, causes, and treatment of panic disorder and the three categories of panic attack.

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

Which of the following is an example of the treatment technique for OCD called exposure and ritual prevention (ERP)?

Accepted Answer

Exposure and ritual prevention (ERP) is a treatment technique for OCD that involves exposing the person to the feared object or situation, while preventing the compulsive behavior that typically follows. In this scenario, Carrie's therapist is exposing her to dirty laundry (the feared object) and preventing her from washing her hands (the compulsive behavior). By doing this repeatedly, Carrie will eventually learn that her anxiety decreases even without washing her hands, and her compulsions will decrease as well. Choices B, C, and D do not involve ERP.

Question 19

Discuss the different types of specific phobias and how they are acquired.

Accepted Answer

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Question 20

Many of the DSM-5 criteria specify that the diagnosis must not be "better explained by another disorder." Why do you think that this is the case?

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 5: Anxiety, Trauma and Stressor-Related, and Obsessive-Compulsive