Question 1

When someone from another company is referred to as the 'comparison other', one is involved in a(n):
A)equity distress.
B)emotional cue.
C)cognitive distortion.
D)internal comparison.
E)external comparison.

Accepted Answer

The term "comparison other" refers to someone from another company who is being used as a point of comparison in evaluating one's own company or performance, which is an example of external comparison.

Question 2

Which of the following is/are the motivating force(s) with the strongest performance effect?
A)Difficult goals
B)High levels of valence and instrumentality
C)Perceptions of equity
D)High levels of expectancy
E)Self-efficacy/competence

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is/are the motivating...

Question 3

Which of the following is a unit-focused compensation plan element?
A)Merit pay
B)Lump-sum bonus
C)Gain sharing
D)Profit sharing
E)Piece-rate

Accepted Answer

Gain sharing is a unit-focused compensation plan element because it involves sharing the financial benefits of improved productivity or performance with the employees of a specific unit or team.

Question 4

Allen and Denny have been working for Yummy Treats for about five years, at the same level of management and doing similar kind of work.Allen has been focusing on setting specific and difficult goals and believes that exerting a high level of effort will result in the successful performance in his job and that is what he should focus on.Denny on the other hand compares himself to other managers, such as Jim who works for the competitor in a similar work position.He feels disheartened when he finds out that he is significantly under rewarded at Yummy Treats.From Denny's view in the above situation, Jim is a(n):
A)empowerment evaluator.
B)valence generator.
C)cognitive distorter.
D)external comparison.
E)internal comparison.

Accepted Answer

Denny is making an external comparison by comparing himself to Jim, who works for a competitor in a similar work position. This comparison is external to the organization he currently works for (Yummy Treats).

Question 5

Equity has _____ effect on citizenship behavior and a _____ effect on counterproductive behavior.
A)a strong positive; strong negative
B)a moderate positive; moderate negative
C)no; moderate positive
D)a moderate negative; strong negative
E)a strong negative; moderate positive

Accepted Answer

Equity has been found to have a moderate positive effect on citizenship behavior, meaning that employees are more likely to engage in extra-role behaviors when they perceive fairness in the workplace. On the other hand, equity also has a moderate negative effect on counterproductive behavior, meaning that employees are less likely to engage in deviant or harmful behaviors when they perceive fairness in the workplace. Therefore, option B is the best choice.

Question 6

The efforts of Coach Anderson have made the Silver Hawks the best football team in Brooklyn.The team owners Tell Coach Anderson that his efforts have vastly improved the team's performance and that they believe his continuing efforts will result in the Silver Hawks being ranked as the best team along the East Coast.Which psychological empowerment concept best expresses the impact of the owners' comments on Coach Anderson's motivation?
A)Meaningfulness
B)Self-determination
C)Competence
D)Impact
E)Self-dignity

Accepted Answer

The psychological empowerment concept of impact refers to feeling that one's actions have a significant and meaningful effect on the organization. The owners' comments about the team's improved performance and potential future success would likely increase Coach Anderson's sense of impact and motivate him to continue his efforts to improve the Silver Hawks' performance.

Question 7

Larry is a commercial financial analyst but wants to become a commercial lender, so he engages in self-directed learning, seeks out feedback from his managers, and manages his own workload.Larry is attempting to build his own _____.
A)meaningfulness
B)valence
C)competence
D)impact
E)instrumentality

Accepted Answer

Larry is trying to develop his skills and knowledge to become a commercial lender, indicating that he is focused on building his own competence.

Question 8

Danny and Allan have been working for Yummy Treats for about five years, at the same level of management and doing similar kind of work.Allan has been focusing on setting specific and difficult goals and believes that exerting a high level of effort will result in the successful performance in his job and that is what he should focus on.Danny on the other hand compares himself to other managers, such as Jim who works for the competitor in a similar work position.He feels disheartened when he finds out that he is significantly under rewarded at Yummy Treats.From Danny's view in the above situation, Allan is a(n):
A)empowerment evaluator.
B)internal comparison.
C)valence generator.
D)cognitive distorter.
E)external comparison.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Danny and Allan have been working for...

Question 9

Allan and Danny have been working for Yummy Treats for about five years, at the same level of management and doing similar kind of work.Allan has been focusing on setting specific and difficult goals and believes that exerting a high level of effort will result in the successful performance in his job and that is what he should focus on.Danny on the other hand compares himself to other managers, such as Jim who works for the competitor in a similar work position.He feels disheartened when he finds out that he is significantly under rewarded at Yummy Treats.Allan's focus on concepts such as difficulty and specificity is a key aspect of:
A)Equity theory
B)Extrinsic motivation
C)Goal setting
D)Expectancy
E)Psychological empowerment

Accepted Answer

Allan's focus on setting specific and difficult goals indicates that he is following the concept of goal setting, which involves setting challenging and clearly defined goals to enhance motivation and performance. Option A (Equity theory) is not applicable here as it is about perceived fairness in rewards. Option B (Extrinsic motivation) may involve factors such as financial rewards, but it is not specifically related to Allan's focus on goal setting. Option D (Expectancy) relates to the belief that effort will lead to performance, but it does not specifically relate to the aspect of setting challenging and specific goals. Option E (Psychological empowerment) refers to the sense of control and influence that individuals feel over their work, which is not directly relevant to the scenario described.

Question 10

Karen is a senior manager at The American Bank.A good part of her workday is spent in meetings with clients, subordinates at the bank, prospective customers, and the auditors.Though Karen has such a busy schedule, she manages to find time for her equally important meetings with the PETA foundation.Karen's commitment can be classified under which of the following concepts of psychological empowerment?
A)Meaningfulness
B)Self-determination
C)Competence
D)Expectancy
E)Impact

Accepted Answer

Karen's commitment to both her work and PETA reflects "meaningfulness," as she finds value and purpose in her activities, aligning them with her values and beliefs.

Question 11

Which of the following reflects the sense that a person's actions "make a difference," indicating that progress is being made toward fulfilling some important purpose?
A)Impact
B)Meaningfulness
C)Self-determination
D)Competence
E)Integrity

Accepted Answer

The term "impact" relates to the sense that a person's actions are making a difference toward achieving some important purpose. It is a measure of progress, indicating that one's efforts are paying off and leading to positive outcomes.

Question 12

Motivation has a _____ effect on job performance.
A)strong positive
B)moderate positive
C)weak positive
D)moderate negative
E)strong negative

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that a high level of motivation has a strong positive effect on job performance. Motivated individuals tend to have higher levels of job satisfaction, are more committed to the organization, and are more likely to put in effort to achieve their goals.

Question 13

An energy rooted in the belief that work tasks contribute to some larger purpose is known as:
A)self-efficacy.
B)goal commitment.
C)goal setting.
D)vicarious experience.
E)psychological empowerment.

Accepted Answer

Psychological empowerment refers to the energy that employees feel rooted in the belief that their work tasks contribute to some larger purpose. Self-efficacy is an individual's belief in their ability to successfully complete tasks. Goal commitment refers to an individual's level of dedication to achieving a specific goal, while goal setting involves the process of establishing specific, measurable objectives. Vicarious experience refers to learning from the experiences of others. None of these concepts fully capture the idea of energy rooted in the belief in purpose, as does psychological empowerment.

Question 14

_____ captures the value of a work goal or purpose, relative to a person's own ideals and passions.
A)Meaningfulness
B)Self-determination
C)Competence
D)Impact
E)Integrity

Accepted Answer

Meaningfulness captures the value of a work goal or purpose, relative to a person's own ideals and passions. It refers to the degree to which an employee experiences their work as something worthwhile and yearned for, beyond the instrumental benefits it may bestow.

Question 15

In equity theory, rethinking your inputs to restore balance mentally without altering your behavior in any way is known as:
A)equity distress.
B)instrumentality.
C)cognitive distortion.
D)internal comparisons.
E)external comparisons.

Accepted Answer

Rethinking your inputs to restore balance mentally without altering your behavior in any way is known as cognitive distortion. This involves changing your perception of your own inputs or the outcomes received in order to maintain a sense of equity.

Question 16

Comparison with others in the same organization doing substantially different jobs is:
A)job equity.
B)occupational equity.
C)company equity.
D)age equity.
E)educational equity.

Accepted Answer

Comparison with others in the same organization doing substantially different jobs is referred to as company equity, as it involves evaluating fairness within the same company across different roles.

Question 17

GroundWork is a venture capital firm that helps in financing small businesses.New hires at the firm are given a project worth $50,000 to work on with minimum interference from the senior associates.The project has large scope for innovation and creation.What was the management attempting to use as a motivator for the new hires?
A)Meaningfulness
B)Self-determination
C)Surface-level diversity
D)Expectancy
E)Outcome interdependence

Accepted Answer

Self-determination is the motivation that comes from having autonomy or control over one's work. By giving the new hires a project with a large scope for innovation and creation, and minimal interference, the management is attempting to use self-determination as a motivator for the new hires to perform well.

Question 18

A(n) _____ involves a 'comparison other' in the same company.
A)equity distress
B)emotional cue
C)cognitive distortion
D)internal comparison
E)external comparison

Accepted Answer

Internal comparison involves comparing oneself to others within the same company, whereas external comparison involves comparing oneself to individuals outside of the company. The other answer options are not relevant to the given scenario.

Question 19

How do employees make the choices that take them in the "right direction"?
Justify your answer with the help of expectancy theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do employees make the choices that...

Question 20

Joe was having trouble meeting his deadlines at work.He showed signs of lethargy, absent mindedness, and lack of interest toward his work.Joe found this quote in a book "the more motivated employees are, the more empowered the team is."
Define and explain motivation and it forces.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Joe was having trouble meeting his deadlines...

Quiz 6: Motivation

When someone from another company is referred to as the 'comparison other', one is involved in a(n) :

Which of the following is/are the motivating force(s) with the strongest performance effect?

Which of the following is a unit-focused compensation plan element?

Equity has _ effect on citizenship behavior and a _ effect on counterproductive behavior.

Larry is a commercial financial analyst but wants to become a commercial lender, so he engages in self-directed learning, seeks out feedback from his managers, and manages his own workload.Larry is attempting to build his own _____.

Which of the following reflects the sense that a person's actions "make a difference," indicating that progress is being made toward fulfilling some important purpose?

Motivation has a _____ effect on job performance.

An energy rooted in the belief that work tasks contribute to some larger purpose is known as:

_____ captures the value of a work goal or purpose, relative to a person's own ideals and passions.

In equity theory, rethinking your inputs to restore balance mentally without altering your behavior in any way is known as:

Comparison with others in the same organization doing substantially different jobs is:

A(n) _____ involves a 'comparison other' in the same company.

How do employees make the choices that take them in the "right direction"? Justify your answer with the help of expectancy theory.

Joe was having trouble meeting his deadlines at work.He showed signs of lethargy, absent mindedness, and lack of interest toward his work.Joe found this quote in a book "the more motivated employees are, the more empowered the team is." Define and explain motivation and it forces.