Question 1

People with anorexia nervosa differ from people with bulimia nervosa in the:

Accepted Answer

People with anorexia nervosa have a persistent restriction of energy intake, leading to significantly low body weight. Those with bulimia nervosa have recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as purging, fasting, or excessive exercise. Both disorders involve a distorted body image, but people with anorexia nervosa often have a fear of gaining weight and a desire to maintain a low body weight, while people with bulimia nervosa may be of normal weight or even overweight. However, the key difference between the two disorders is the degree of control over food intake. People with anorexia nervosa have strict control over their food intake and often view themselves as "good" or "successful" when they restrict their food, while people with bulimia nervosa feel a loss of control during their binge episodes and use compensatory behaviors as a way to regain control. The psychological factors underlying both disorders are complex and can include genetic, environmental, and cultural factors, as well as individual personality traits and life experiences. Control over their families' demands is not a factor in either disorder.

Question 2

The obituary stated that Pat was a victim of a homicide.It is most likely that Pat was:

Accepted Answer

The obituary stated that Pat was a victim of a homicide. African-American adolescent boys are the most likely victims of homicide in the United States.

Question 3

Alondra is "fashionably" thin.She does not have good eating habits though,often eating large amounts at one time and then practically nothing for days.Alondra often seems depressed and concerned over the lack of control she feels in her life.Alondra appears to be suffering from

Accepted Answer

Alondra's behavior of eating large amounts at one time and then practically nothing for days is indicative of binge-eating episodes, which is a characteristic feature of bulimia nervosa. Her concern over lack of control and appearance suggest a possible eating disorder, and her low mood could be associated with the shame and guilt commonly experienced by individuals with bulimia nervosa. Rumination disorder is characterized by regurgitation of food, and anorexia nervosa involves severe restriction of food intake leading to a significantly low body weight. Bulimarexia nervosa is not a recognized diagnostic category.

Question 4

Anorexia nervosa is:

Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by extreme weight loss and intense fear of gaining weight. People with anorexia nervosa have a distorted body image and often see themselves as overweight even when they are underweight. They may severely restrict their food intake, engage in excessive exercise, and have other behaviors to lose weight. If left untreated, anorexia nervosa can lead to serious health complications and even death by starvation.

Question 5

About ________ of American girls develop anorexia nervosa.

Accepted Answer

Approximately 1% of American girls develop anorexia nervosa, which is a serious eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image.

Question 6

If you traveled to several different countries,where would you see the highest rates of illegal drug use by teenagers?

Accepted Answer

The United States has some of the highest rates of illegal drug use by teenagers compared to other developed countries, according to studies and surveys conducted by organizations such as the World Health Organization and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

Question 7

"What if the sun were to explode?" says Alene."But it never has," replies Janis."But what if it did?" pushes Alene."But it never has!" insists Janis.In this example,Alene is exhibiting ________ thought,whereas Janis is showing ________ thought.

Accepted Answer

Alene is asking a hypothetical question, which requires abstract thought to consider possibilities that haven't yet occurred. Janis, on the other hand, is grounded in the concrete reality that the sun has never exploded before, and is exhibiting concrete thought. Therefore, the best choice is D, "abstract;concrete."

Question 8

Jordyn has a passion for food that leads her to gorge on entire half-gallons of ice cream,bags of potato chips,or boxes of cookies at a time.However,after she gorges,she "compensates" by running as many as 10 miles and sometimes even makes herself vomit.This scenario would probably lead a physician to diagnose Jordyn as having:

Accepted Answer

Jordyn's behavior is consistent with the symptoms of bulimia nervosa, which involves recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors, such as vomiting, fasting, or excessive exercise. The term "bulimarexia" is not a recognized medical diagnosis but is sometimes used to describe a combination of symptoms of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. An "overeating disorder" is also not a recognized medical diagnosis.

Question 9

Jackie's doctor is concerned that Jackie is losing too much weight.However,Jackie,who is 16,thinks her legs are "too fat" and continues dieting.Jackie is at risk for developing which type of eating disorder?

Accepted Answer

Jackie's preoccupation with weight and continued dieting despite concerns from her doctor suggest that she may have anorexia nervosa, which is characterized by restrictive eating behaviors, intense fear of gaining weight, and distorted body image.

Question 10

Tasha is having difficulty getting along with her best friend.She decides to think through the problem,writing down all the difficulties and try to generate possible reasons for them.She then considers what she can do to deal with the problems,weighing the pros and cons of each possibility.She is using which of the following to solve her problem?

Accepted Answer

Tasha is using hypothetical-deductive reasoning, which involves considering different hypotheses, testing them using logical reasoning, and then choosing the best solution based on the evidence gathered. This is a higher-level cognitive process that involves the ability to think abstractly and apply logical reasoning to problem-solving. The other options (A, B, C) do not accurately describe the type of reasoning Tasha is using.

Question 11

One of the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa is that the sufferer will not maintain a weight that is at least _____ of normal for their age and height.

Accepted Answer

According to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, individuals with anorexia nervosa must have a body weight that is less than 85% of what is considered normal for their age and height. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer.

Question 12

Younger children do not engage in the same type of egocentric thought as adolescents,because younger children:

Accepted Answer

Egocentric thought involves the inability to take another person's perspective. Younger children have not yet developed the cognitive ability to think abstractly or from another person's point of view, making option D the correct choice.

Question 13

The cognitive ability to solve problems that develops in adolescence is termed ________ by Jean Piaget.

Accepted Answer

Jean Piaget referred to the cognitive ability to solve problems that develops during adolescence as formal thinking, which includes hypothetical-deductive reasoning. Trial-and-error reasoning and logical reasoning are also important cognitive skills, but they are not specifically associated with adolescence or formal thinking according to Piaget's theory.

Question 14

What question can 12-year-old Jackson answer that he could not answer when he was younger?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What question can 12-year-old Jackson answer that...

Question 15

Contrary to Jean Piaget's views,the development of formal operational thought is:

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the development of formal operational thought is significantly influenced by one's culture. For example, individuals from cultures that emphasize memorization and rote learning may not develop formal operational thinking to the same degree as those from cultures that encourage critical thinking and problem solving. Additionally, cultural factors such as language, beliefs, and values can affect the types of experiences and opportunities individuals have to develop formal operational thinking.

Question 16

People who suffer from anorexia use food as a means of:

Accepted Answer

People who suffer from anorexia use food as a means of control. They restrict their food intake as a way to control their body weight and shape, often due to underlying emotional or psychological issues. Reward, punishment, and popularity are not primary motivators for anorexic behavior.

Question 17

Asia's parents are concerned about her.Asia constantly moves at a frantic pace.She eats very little,though she enjoys helping her parents cook.She worries obsessively about her weight even though she has lost more than enough in the past year.Which of the following is the most accurate statement about this situation?

Accepted Answer

Asia's constant movement, very little eating, and obsessively worrying about weight despite having lost enough in the past year are all signs of anorexia. Her parents should seek medical help for her as soon as possible.

Question 18

Anorexia and bulimia affect:

Accepted Answer

Anorexia and bulimia are more common in women than in men. Studies have shown that about 90% of people with these disorders are female.

Question 19

Most people with anorexia nervosa are from:

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that anorexia nervosa is more common in middle- and upper-class families, although it can occur in people from all socioeconomic backgrounds. This may be due to factors such as higher societal pressure to be thin, more access to resources and information about weight loss, and greater emphasis on appearance and success in these social groups.

Question 20

Recent research indicates that formal operational thinking during adolescence:

Accepted Answer

Recent research has shown that although formal operational thinking does develop during adolescence, it is influenced by cultural and experiential factors. Cross-cultural studies have also shown that there are variations in the development of formal operational thinking across cultures. Therefore, option C is the best choice. Option A is incorrect because research has shown that formal operational thinking does occur during adolescence. Option B is partially correct because formal operational thinking does develop cross-culturally; however, it is not universal. Option D is also incorrect because Piaget's proposed age of development for formal operational thinking is consistent with current research.

Quiz 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence