Question 1

Consider the scores 2,6,7,1,7,8,5,and 4.Which of the following would be the correct second line of a frequency table?
A) 
B) 
C) 
D)

Accepted Answer

A

Question 2

The value of putting numbers into a frequency table is that
A)it makes the pattern of numbers clear at a glance.
B)it is easier to draw inferences from tables.
C)such tables are required by many journals.
D)such tables are always formatted in the same way.

Accepted Answer

Putting numbers into a frequency table makes patterns clear at a glance and allows for easier interpretation and analysis of the data. It also helps to organize the data and identify any outliers or anomalies. While frequency tables may be required by certain journals, this is not the primary reason for their value. And while tables may have a standard formatting, this is not a major factor in their usefulness.

Question 3

A frequency table lists
A)the times per second variations occur in various wave bands.
B)the number of scores at each value.
C)the intensity of a variable over all the participants studied.
D)the average value of each variable.

Accepted Answer

A frequency table lists the number of scores at each value, so the correct answer is B. The other options (A, C, D) do not accurately describe what a frequency table represents.

Question 4

If a psychologist studying aggressive tendencies in people develops an inventory to measure aggression,the psychologist is using scores on the inventory as a(n)
A)abstract concept.
B)variable.
C)descriptive statistic.
D)invariable construct.

Accepted Answer

A psychologist developing an inventory to measure aggression is creating a tool to measure a variable, which is aggression in this case. The scores on this inventory will vary among individuals and thus represent a variable.

Question 5

Which of the following student characteristics is an example of a rank-order variable?
A)grade point average (3.2,2.5,etc.)
B)number of friends (0,1,etc.)
C)birth position in the family (first,second,etc.)
D)nationality (U.S.,Japanese,etc.)

Accepted Answer

Birth position in the family (first, second, etc.) is an example of a rank-order variable because it involves a specific ranking order (i.e. birth order) rather than simply grouping individuals into categories (e.g. nationality or number of friends) or measuring a continuous variable (e.g. grade point average).

Question 6

The two branches of statistical methods are
A)theoretical and inferential.
B)intuitive and observational.
C)descriptive and intuitive.
D)descriptive and inferential.

Accepted Answer

The two branches of statistical methods are descriptive and inferential. Descriptive statistics involve summarizing and describing the characteristics of a set of data, while inferential statistics involve making inferences and predictions about a larger population based on a smaller sample of data. The other choices are not accurate descriptions of the branches of statistical methods.

Question 7

Students who have read the first chapter of the textbook and theorize that performance on statistics exams will be related to the number of hours spent studying statistics know that to test their theory,they will need to use
A)common sense.
B)reasoning by analogy.
C)inferential statistics.
D)intuition.

Accepted Answer

To test their theory, students would need to use inferential statistics to analyze the relationship between the number of hours spent studying statistics and performance on statistics exams. Inferential statistics uses sample data to make inferences about a population, which would be necessary to obtain meaningful results for the theory. Common sense, reasoning by analogy, and intuition would not provide the necessary statistical analysis to test this theory.

Question 8

Which of the following is most likely to be possible?
A)making a normal curve from a bimodal distribution
B)making a bimodal distribution from a normal curve
C)making an ordinary frequency table from a grouped frequency table
D)making a grouped frequency table from an ordinary frequency table

Accepted Answer

It is possible to create a grouped frequency table from an ordinary frequency table by grouping the data into intervals. It is not possible to create a normal curve from a bimodal distribution, as the two peaks indicate two separate populations. It is also not possible to create a bimodal distribution from a normal curve, as a normal curve represents a single population. While it is possible to create an ordinary frequency table from a grouped frequency table, it involves disaggregating the data and may not be as accurate as the original grouped data.

Question 9

If a psychologist summarizes data for a variable in a frequency table,but finds that there are so many values for the variable that the table is too cumbersome to be useful,the next step would be to make a
A)histogram.
B)frequency polygon.
C)grouped frequency table.
D)bar chart.

Accepted Answer

A grouped frequency table is the best choice when there are too many values for a variable to be summarized in a regular frequency table. Grouping the values into intervals will make the table more manageable and easier to interpret. Histograms and frequency polygons are graphical representations of frequency distributions and do not necessarily make the table more manageable. A bar chart is a graphical representation of categorical data and is not suitable for continuous variables.

Question 10

Which of the following student characteristics is an example of a nominal variable?
A)grade point average (3.2,2.5,etc.)
B)number of friends (0,1,etc.)
C)birth position in the family (first,second,etc.)
D)nationality (U.S.,Japanese,etc.)

Accepted Answer

Nominal variables are categories without any inherent order. Nationality is an example of a nominal variable because it categorizes individuals by their country of origin without implying any rank or order among the categories.

Question 11

The length of time a person talks in a group discussion is an example of a(n)
A)continuous variable.
B)categorical variable.
C)transformed variable.
D)extraneous variable.

Accepted Answer

The length of time a person talks can vary continuously, so it is an example of a continuous variable. Categorical variables would have distinct categories, but the length of time someone talks can't be easily put into distinct categories like "short," "medium," or "long." Transformed variables are variables that have been manipulated mathematically, and extraneous variables are variables that aren't being studied but could still affect the results. Neither of these apply to the length of time a person talks in a group discussion.

Question 12

If a difference between scores of 3 and 4 is the same as a difference between scores of 15 and 16,the variable being measured is
A)equal-interval.
B)differential.
C)non-differential.
D)rank-order.

Accepted Answer

If the difference between scores of 3 and 4 is the same as a difference between scores of 15 and 16, this indicates that the scale being used to measure the variable has equal intervals between the numbers. In other words, the difference between any two consecutive numbers on the scale is consistent. This is consistent with an equal-interval measurement scale. Differential and non-differential scales do not necessarily have equal intervals between the numbers, and rank-order scales only indicate order or rank without indicating equal differences between the numbers.

Question 13

A psychologist who constructs a frequency table to summarize data collected on the amount of stress people have experienced in the last 2½ weeks is using
A)a measure of central tendency.
B)a descriptive statistical method.
C)an intuitive statistical method.
D)an inferential statistical method.

Accepted Answer

Constructing a frequency table is a form of descriptive statistical method as it summarizes and organizes the data to provide a clear picture of the distribution of stress levels experienced by people. It does not involve making any inferences or drawing conclusions about the population based on the sample data.

Question 14

Another label for "rank-order" is
A)categorical.
B)ratio.
C)ordinal.
D)continuous.

Accepted Answer

Rank-order refers to the arrangement of data in a particular order from highest to lowest or vice versa. This type of data is called ordinal data. The other options, categorical, ratio, and continuous data are not appropriate descriptions for rank-order data. Categorical data is non-numerical, ratio data has a clear and meaningful zero point, and continuous data is measured on a continuous scale.

Question 15

In a frequency table,the column designated as "X" lists
A)the number of scores at each value.
B)the participant identification numbers.
C)the possible values of the variable.
D)all the variables studied.

Accepted Answer

The column designated as "X" in a frequency table lists the possible values of the variable being studied, not the number of scores or participant identification numbers. Therefore, the best choice is C.

Question 16

The number of problems correct on a test is an example of a
A)continuous variable.
B)discrete variable.
C)log-linear variable.
D)quadratic variable.

Accepted Answer

The number of problems correct on a test is a discrete variable because it can only take on distinct, whole number values. Continuous variables, on the other hand, can take on any value within a range (e.g. height, weight). Log-linear and quadratic variables refer to specific mathematical transformations or relationships between variables, which do not apply to this scenario.

Question 17

If the exact degree of difference between two scores has no meaning beyond the fact that one is higher than the other,the level of measurement is
A)nominal.
B)extraneous.
C)rank-order.
D)equal-interval.

Accepted Answer

In rank-order measurement, the only information that can be inferred is the order in which the scores occur, and not the magnitude of the difference between them. Thus, the exact degree of difference between two scores is not meaningful in this level of measurement. Nominal measurement is used to categorize data, equal-interval measurement involves equal differences between units of measurement, and extraneous is not a recognized level of measurement.

Question 18

Each of several patients is rated for their degree of depression,and if a particular patient's depression is rated 8 on a 20-point scale,8 represents that patient's
A)frequency.
B)variable.
C)score.
D)mean.

Accepted Answer

The rating or degree of depression given to the patient, which is 8 on a 20-point scale, is the patient's score.

Question 19

Consider the scores 2,9,7,6,1,9,1,and 2.Which of the following would be the correct bottom line of a frequency table?
A) 
B) 
C) 
D)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the scores 2,9,7,6,1,9,1,and 2.Which of the...

Question 20

If an intelligence test includes 12 items so that a person can answer any number of items between 0 and 12 correctly,each of these numbers between 0 and 12 is called a
A)value.
B)variable.
C)rating.
D)mean.

Accepted Answer

Each of these numbers between 0 and 12 that a person can score is called a value, representing the possible outcomes or scores on the intelligence test.

Quiz 1: Displaying the Order in a Group of Numbers

Consider the scores 2,6,7,1,7,8,5,and 4.Which of the following would be the correct second line of a frequency table?

The value of putting numbers into a frequency table is that

A frequency table lists

If a psychologist studying aggressive tendencies in people develops an inventory to measure aggression,the psychologist is using scores on the inventory as a(n)

Which of the following student characteristics is an example of a rank-order variable?

The two branches of statistical methods are

Students who have read the first chapter of the textbook and theorize that performance on statistics exams will be related to the number of hours spent studying statistics know that to test their theory,they will need to use

Which of the following is most likely to be possible?

If a psychologist summarizes data for a variable in a frequency table,but finds that there are so many values for the variable that the table is too cumbersome to be useful,the next step would be to make a

Which of the following student characteristics is an example of a nominal variable?

The length of time a person talks in a group discussion is an example of a(n)

If a difference between scores of 3 and 4 is the same as a difference between scores of 15 and 16,the variable being measured is

A psychologist who constructs a frequency table to summarize data collected on the amount of stress people have experienced in the last 2½ weeks is using

Another label for "rank-order" is

In a frequency table,the column designated as "X" lists

The number of problems correct on a test is an example of a

If the exact degree of difference between two scores has no meaning beyond the fact that one is higher than the other,the level of measurement is

Each of several patients is rated for their degree of depression,and if a particular patient's depression is rated 8 on a 20-point scale,8 represents that patient's

Consider the scores 2,9,7,6,1,9,1,and 2.Which of the following would be the correct bottom line of a frequency table?

If an intelligence test includes 12 items so that a person can answer any number of items between 0 and 12 correctly,each of these numbers between 0 and 12 is called a