Question 1

The introduction of iodized salt in the 1920s dramatically reduced rates of _____ in the United States.
A)hypogonadism
B)goiter
C)pellagra
D)anemia

Accepted Answer

The addition of iodine to salt helped to prevent iodine deficiency, which was a major cause of goiter (enlarged thyroid gland). Therefore, the introduction of iodized salt in the 1920s dramatically reduced rates of goiter in the United States.

Question 2

_____ enhances the effects of insulin on cell membranes.
A)Cobalamin
B)Boron
C)Selenium
D)Chromium

Accepted Answer

Chromium enhances the effects of insulin on cell membranes, helping to improve glucose uptake and utilization by the cells. This can be especially beneficial for individuals with insulin resistance or Type 2 diabetes.

Question 3

Iodine is necessary for _____.
A)producing properly-formed collagen
B)maintaining normal thyroid function
C)transporting proteins in lymph
D)carrying oxygen in blood

Accepted Answer

Iodine is an essential nutrient for the proper functioning of the thyroid gland, which produces hormones that regulate metabolism in the body. Without adequate iodine, the thyroid gland can become enlarged (known as a goiter) or underactive, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and poor cognitive function.

Question 4

Because of their low body weights,infants and children are at a greater risk of health consequences due to arsenic intake than adults.

Accepted Answer

Infants and children have smaller body weights and lower detoxification capacities, making them more vulnerable to health consequences from arsenic intake.

Question 5

Check any accurate information related to selenium.
____Selenoproteins require selenium to function and serve as antioxidants.
_____Selenium is a major mineral.
____Selenium is important for DNA synthesis.
____Selenium is important for reproduction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Check any accurate information related to selenium.
____Selenoproteins...

Question 6

High blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels are associated with chromium deficiency.

Accepted Answer

Chromium deficiency can lead to impaired glucose and lipid metabolism, which can result in high blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Chromium is essential for the proper function of insulin, which plays a role in regulating lipid levels in the blood. Studies have also shown that chromium supplementation can improve lipid profiles in individuals with high cholesterol levels.

Question 7

The body absorbs and uses _________ for synthesizing thyroid hormone.
A)iodide
B)iodine
C)iodine salts
D)potassium iodate

Accepted Answer

The body absorbs iodide ions (I-) from ingested iodine sources such as iodized salt, seafood, and dairy products. The iodide is then used by the thyroid gland to synthesize thyroid hormone.

Question 8

Although Tim's body is not zinc deficient,he takes large doses of zinc because his best friend told him it will enhance his athletic performance.He is likely to experience _____ as a result of this practice.
A)enlarged skeletal muscles
B)increased hemoglobin production
C)enhanced reproductive system functioning
D)reduced HDL levels

Accepted Answer

Taking large doses of zinc can lead to reduced levels of HDL, the "good" cholesterol. This can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, among other health issues. It is important to only take recommended doses of any supplement and not rely on the advice of friends or non-professional sources.

Question 9

Which of the following agencies monitors the amount of arsenic in rice and other foods and beverages?
A)CDC
B)FDA
C)EPA
D)WHO

Accepted Answer

The FDA (Food and Drug Administration) is responsible for monitoring the amount of arsenic in rice and other foods and beverages. The agency has set limits on the amount of arsenic that is considered safe in these products.

Question 10

Erika is a college student who has never experienced dental decay.Recently,she slipped and fell down a flight of stairs.Although she had bumps and bruises after the fall,she did not break any bones.Which of the following practices is the most likely reason for Erika's strong bones and decay-resistant teeth?
A)Taking vitamin K supplements daily
B)Chewing iron pills before swallowing them
C)Drinking fluoridated water
D)Eating a high-protein,low-carbohydrate diet

Accepted Answer

Drinking fluoridated water is known to reduce the risk of dental decay by strengthening the tooth enamel. It is also likely that Erika has strong bones due to her young age and potentially a healthy diet and regular exercise, but there is no evidence to suggest that vitamin K supplements or chewing iron pills would have a significant impact on bone health. A high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet may contribute to bone health if it includes adequate amounts of calcium and other essential nutrients, but it is not the most likely reason for Erika's strong bones based on the information provided.

Question 11

Which of the following minerals may have a physiological role,but more research is necessary to determine whether it is essential?
A)Selenium
B)Lithium
C)Zinc
D)Magnesium

Accepted Answer

Lithium has been suggested to have a potential role in mental health and brain function, but more research is necessary to determine whether it is essential. Selenium, zinc, and magnesium have all been identified as essential minerals with established physiological roles.

Question 12

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.
A)magnesium
B)vanadium
C)chromium
D)potassium

Accepted Answer

While vanadium has been shown to have some potential benefits for the body, there is currently not enough evidence to classify it as an essential mineral for humans. Magnesium, chromium, and potassium, on the other hand, are all recognized as essential minerals due to their numerous vital functions in the body.

Question 13

In persons with diabetes,chromium supplementation may improve blood triglyceride and HDL levels.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that chromium supplementation may improve lipid profiles in persons with diabetes, including increasing HDL (good cholesterol) levels and reducing triglycerides.

Question 14

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.
A)magnesium
B)zinc
C)silicon
D)iodide

Accepted Answer

While silicon is important for certain biological processes, such as bone health and connective tissue formation, it is not yet considered an essential mineral for humans. Magnesium, zinc, and iodide have all been identified as essential minerals for human health.

Question 15

In the United States,the practice of fortifying _____ with iodide has reduced the risk of goiter.
A)soft drinks
B)oatmeal products
C)table salt
D)processed vegetables

Accepted Answer

Table salt is commonly fortified with iodide in the United States to prevent iodine deficiency and the development of goiter. Soft drinks, oatmeal products, and processed vegetables are not typically fortified with iodide.

Question 16

Cameron takes megadoses of a single mineral supplement.Lately,he's noticed that his fingernails break easily,his hair is falling out,and he's more tired than usual.His friends have told him that he smells like garlic.Based on this information,Cameron has consumed too much _____.
A)iron
B)magnesium
C)selenium
D)calcium

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are consistent with an excess of selenium. These include brittle nails, hair loss, fatigue and a garlicky smell. Consuming excessive amounts of any mineral can lead to negative health effects, but in this case, the combination of symptoms suggest selenium toxicity.

Question 17

Marta is a pregnant woman suffering from severe iodine deficiency.As a result of the deficiency,she has a high risk of giving birth to a child with _____.
A)ariboflavinosis
B)type 2 diabetes
C)cretinism
D)phenylketonuria

Accepted Answer

Severe iodine deficiency during pregnancy can result in cretinism in the unborn child, which is a type of mental and physical retardation, deafness and stunted growth. Ariboflavinosis is a deficiency of vitamin B2 and is not related to iodine deficiency. Type 2 diabetes and phenylketonuria are genetic disorders and are not associated with maternal iodine deficiency.

Question 18

Chromium deficiency can lead to impaired glucose tolerance.

Accepted Answer

Chromium is involved in insulin regulation and deficiency can lead to insulin resistance and impaired glucose tolerance.

Question 19

In certain parts of the United States,soil contains high amounts of selenium that accumulates in plants.Livestock that graze on these plants can develop selenium toxicity.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. In some areas, soil naturally contains high levels of selenium, which can be taken up by plants and subsequently consumed by livestock. Selenium toxicity can lead to a variety of health problems in animals, including hair and hoof loss, poor growth, and even death.

Question 20

Angela is a 20-year-old college student.In addition to having a history of dental decay,she seems to break bones easily.Based on this information,Angela may need to increase her intake of _____.
A)fluoride
B)copper
C)iodine
D)vanadium

Accepted Answer

Angela's history of dental decay suggests a need for increased fluoride intake, as fluoride helps to strengthen tooth enamel and prevent cavities. Additionally, her tendency to break bones easily may indicate low bone density, which can also be helped by increased fluoride intake. Copper, iodine, and vanadium are not directly related to dental or bone health.

Quiz 12: Trace Minerals

The introduction of iodized salt in the 1920s dramatically reduced rates of _____ in the United States.

_____ enhances the effects of insulin on cell membranes.

Iodine is necessary for _____.

Because of their low body weights,infants and children are at a greater risk of health consequences due to arsenic intake than adults.

Check any accurate information related to selenium. __Selenoproteins require selenium to function and serve as antioxidants. _Selenium is a major mineral. Selenium is important for DNA synthesis. __Selenium is important for reproduction.

High blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels are associated with chromium deficiency.

The body absorbs and uses _________ for synthesizing thyroid hormone.

Although Tim's body is not zinc deficient,he takes large doses of zinc because his best friend told him it will enhance his athletic performance.He is likely to experience _____ as a result of this practice.

Which of the following agencies monitors the amount of arsenic in rice and other foods and beverages?

Which of the following minerals may have a physiological role,but more research is necessary to determine whether it is essential?

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.

In persons with diabetes,chromium supplementation may improve blood triglyceride and HDL levels.

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.

In the United States,the practice of fortifying _____ with iodide has reduced the risk of goiter.

Cameron takes megadoses of a single mineral supplement.Lately,he's noticed that his fingernails break easily,his hair is falling out,and he's more tired than usual.His friends have told him that he smells like garlic.Based on this information,Cameron has consumed too much _____.

Marta is a pregnant woman suffering from severe iodine deficiency.As a result of the deficiency,she has a high risk of giving birth to a child with _____.

Chromium deficiency can lead to impaired glucose tolerance.

In certain parts of the United States,soil contains high amounts of selenium that accumulates in plants.Livestock that graze on these plants can develop selenium toxicity.

Angela is a 20-year-old college student.In addition to having a history of dental decay,she seems to break bones easily.Based on this information,Angela may need to increase her intake of _____.

Quiz 12: Trace Minerals

The introduction of iodized salt in the 1920s dramatically reduced rates of _____ in the United States.

_____ enhances the effects of insulin on cell membranes.

Iodine is necessary for _____.

Because of their low body weights,infants and children are at a greater risk of health consequences due to arsenic intake than adults.

Check any accurate information related to selenium. ____Selenoproteins require selenium to function and serve as antioxidants. _____Selenium is a major mineral. ____Selenium is important for DNA synthesis. ____Selenium is important for reproduction.

High blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels are associated with chromium deficiency.

The body absorbs and uses _________ for synthesizing thyroid hormone.

Although Tim's body is not zinc deficient,he takes large doses of zinc because his best friend told him it will enhance his athletic performance.He is likely to experience _____ as a result of this practice.

Which of the following agencies monitors the amount of arsenic in rice and other foods and beverages?

Which of the following minerals may have a physiological role,but more research is necessary to determine whether it is essential?

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.

In persons with diabetes,chromium supplementation may improve blood triglyceride and HDL levels.

Scientists are uncertain whether ____ is an essential mineral for humans.

In the United States,the practice of fortifying _____ with iodide has reduced the risk of goiter.

Cameron takes megadoses of a single mineral supplement.Lately,he's noticed that his fingernails break easily,his hair is falling out,and he's more tired than usual.His friends have told him that he smells like garlic.Based on this information,Cameron has consumed too much _____.

Marta is a pregnant woman suffering from severe iodine deficiency.As a result of the deficiency,she has a high risk of giving birth to a child with _____.

Chromium deficiency can lead to impaired glucose tolerance.

In certain parts of the United States,soil contains high amounts of selenium that accumulates in plants.Livestock that graze on these plants can develop selenium toxicity.

Angela is a 20-year-old college student.In addition to having a history of dental decay,she seems to break bones easily.Based on this information,Angela may need to increase her intake of _____.

Check any accurate information related to selenium. __Selenoproteins require selenium to function and serve as antioxidants. _Selenium is a major mineral. Selenium is important for DNA synthesis. __Selenium is important for reproduction.