Question 1

When an atom loses electrons, ____ are formed.
A) nuclei
B) alpha particles
C) protons
D) neutrons
E) ions

Accepted Answer

When an atom loses electrons, it becomes positively charged and forms an ion.

Question 2

How many microliters are in 89.63 L? A) 8.963 × 10¹⁰ µL B) 8.963 × 10⁷ µL C) 8.963 × 10⁴ µL D) 8.963 × 10^-4 µL E) 8.963 × 10^-7 µL

Accepted Answer

To convert liters to microliters, you multiply by 10^6 because there are 1,000,000 microliters in a liter. Therefore, 89.63 liters is 89.63 × 10^6 microliters, which is written as 8.963 × 10^7 microliters when expressed in scientific notation.

Question 3

How many centimeters are in 15 feet?
A) 3.1 cm
B) 38 cm
C) 71 cm
D) 460 cm
E) 570 cm

Accepted Answer

1 foot = 30.48 cm15 feet = 15 * 30.48 cm = 457.2 cm

Question 4

Which metric prefix means 1 × 10^-9? A) kilo B) nano C) pico D) micro E) milli

Accepted Answer

The prefix "nano" represents 1 × 10^-9, which matches the given value in the question. All other options represent prefixes with different values.

Question 5

The Millikan oil drop experiment was used to determine
A) whether the atom was radioactive.
B) the electron distribution in the atom.
C) the atomic number of an atom.
D) the charge of an electron.
E) the nuclear character of the atom.

Accepted Answer

The Millikan oil drop experiment was used to determine the charge of an electron. By observing the behavior of oil droplets suspended between two electrically charged plates, Robert Millikan was able to calculate the charge of an electron to be 1.602 x 10^-19 coulombs.

Question 6

Which statement about electrons is true?
A) Electrons are found in the nucleus of the atom.
B) Electrons are attracted to negatively charged electrodes.
C) All atoms have electrons as part of their structure.
D) Electrons have much more mass than any atom.
E) Electrons are positively charged.

Accepted Answer

Electrons are fundamental components of all atoms, which means every atom has electrons as part of its structure. They orbit the nucleus, which contains protons and neutrons.

Question 7

Which of the following statements concerning the atom is false?
A) Chemical reactions involve only the electrons.
B) The atom contains protons, neutrons and electrons.
C) Electrons are found in orbits about the nucleus.
D) The nucleus contains only neutrons.
E) Most of the mass of the atom is found in the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

The statement "The nucleus contains only neutrons" is false. The nucleus contains both protons and neutrons.

Question 8

Electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 475 nm is in the blue region of the visible spectrum. Converting this wavelength into centimeters yields: A) 4.75 × 10^-7 cm. B) 4.75 × 10^-6 cm. C) 4.75 × 10^-5 cm D) 1.86 × 10^-4 cm. E) 1.86 × 10^-3 cm.

Accepted Answer

To convert nm (nanometers) to cm (centimeters), we need to divide by 10^7. Therefore, 475 nm is equal to 4.75 × 10^-5 cm. This matches with answer choice C.

Question 9

A piece of paper measures 8.50 in. by 11.0 in. Calculate the area of the piece of paper in square centimeters. A) 14.5 cm² B) 93.5 cm² C) 237 cm² D) 466 cm² E) 603 cm²

Accepted Answer

The answer of A piece of paper measures 8.50 in....

Question 10

There are ____ milligrams in a kilogram. A) 1 × 10^-3 B) 1 × 10⁶ C) 1 × 10⁹ D) 1 × 10^-6 E) 1 × 10³

Accepted Answer

1 kilogram is equal to 1,000,000 milligrams.
To convert kilograms to milligrams, we need to multiply by 1,000,000.
So, 1 kilogram = 1,000,000 milligrams.
In scientific notation, it would be 1 × 10^6 milligrams.
Option B has this value as an option, with the correct exponent of 16, so it is the correct answer.

Question 11

The electrical nature of matter can best be demonstrated by an atom's
A) radioactivity.
B) atomic weight.
C) atomic number.
D) behavior on photographic paper.
E) behavior in a cathode ray tube.

Accepted Answer

The behavior of atoms in a cathode ray tube, specifically in their interaction with an electric field, demonstrates their electrical nature. This was famously demonstrated by J.J. Thomson's experiments on cathode ray tubes, which led to the discovery of the electron and marked a major breakthrough in the understanding of atomic structure.

Question 12

Which of the following is the most correct for the cathode ray experiments?
A) The ray bent towards the positive exterior plate, proving that the ray was made up of negative particles.
B) The cathode ray experiment can be considered equivalent with the discovery of electrons.
C) The behavior of the ray was independent of the metal chosen to make the plates in side the vacuum tube, proving that all metals contain a common particle.
D) All of these.
E) None of these.

Accepted Answer

A is correct as the ray bending towards the positive plate proved the presence of negatively charged particles in the cathode ray. 
B is correct as the discovery of cathode rays led to the discovery of electrons. 
C is correct as the behavior of the ray was independent of the metal used, proving that all metals contain electrons. Therefore, all three statements are correct, making D the best choice.

Question 13

Converting 127 pounds to kilograms yields:
A) 50.3 kg.
B) 57.6 kg.
C) 280 kg.
D) 326 kg.
E) 1280 kg.

Accepted Answer

To convert pounds to kilograms, divide by 2.2. Thus, 127 pounds / 2.2 = 57.6 kg. The answer is B.

Question 14

Which metric prefix means 1000?
A) pico
B) micro
C) milli
D) kilo
E) nano

Accepted Answer

The prefix "kilo" represents 1000 in the metric system, so the best choice is D. The other options represent smaller quantities, with "pico" representing 10^-12, "micro" representing 10^-6, "milli" representing 10^-3, and "nano" representing 10^-9.

Question 15

In Rutherford's gold foil experiment:
A) the alpha particles used were attracted to the positive particles in the gold foil.
B) Rutherford's expectations for the experiment were proven to be correct.
C) neutrons were discovered.
D) the alpha particles mostly bounced off the foil, with most particles undergoing sharp deflections.
E) Rutherford concluded that there must be a compact, massive, positively charged particle inside the gold atoms.

Accepted Answer

In Rutherford's gold foil experiment, alpha particles were fired at a thin sheet of gold foil. Contrary to his expectations, most of the alpha particles passed through the foil, but some were deflected at sharp angles. Rutherford concluded that there must be a compact, massive, positively charged particle inside the gold atoms that caused the deflection of the alpha particles. This discovery led to the development of the nuclear model of the atom. Option A is incorrect because the alpha particles were positively charged and were repelled by the positive charges in the gold atoms. Option B is incorrect because Rutherford's expectations were not met by the experimental results. Option C is incorrect because neutrons were not discovered until several years later by James Chadwick. Option D is only partly correct - most particles passed through the foil, while some were deflected.

Question 16

A pond has dimensions of 24 m. by 25 m. by 3.0 m. What is the volume of the pond in liters? A) 1.8 × 10^-3 L B) 1.8 × 10² L C) 1.8 × 10³ L D) 1.8 × 10⁴ L E) 1.8 × 10⁶ L

Accepted Answer

The volume in cubic meters is 24 * 25 * 3 = 1800 m³. Since 1 m³ = 1000 L, the volume in liters is 1800 * 1000 = 1.8 × 10⁶ L.

Question 17

How many millimeters are in 0.457 yards?
A) 11.6 mm
B) 54.8 mm
C) 139 mm
D) 418 mm
E) 4570 mm

Accepted Answer

1 yard = 914.4 mm 
Therefore, 0.457 yards = 0.457 x 914.4 = 418.146 mm, which is closest to answer D, 418 mm.

Question 18

There are ____ millimeters in a centimeter. A) 1 × 10¹ B) 1 × 10² C) 1 × 10³ D) 1 × 10^-1 E) 1 × 10^-2

Accepted Answer

There are 10 millimeters in a centimeter, which is represented as 1 × 10^1 in scientific notation.

Question 19

Converting 6.390 pounds to grams yields:
A) 2516 g.
B) 2898 g.
C) 6390 g.
D) 14090 g.
E) 16230 g.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Converting 6.390 pounds to grams yields:
A) 2516...

Question 20

How many liters are in 14.6 gallons?
A) 13.8 L
B) 17.4 L
C) 55.3 L
D) 58.4 L
E) 61.9 L

Accepted Answer

One gallon is equal to approximately 3.785 liters. Therefore, 14.6 gallons is equal to 14.6 x 3.785 = 55.313 liters, which rounds to 55.3 liters. So, the answer is C - 55.3 L.

Quiz 2: Atoms and Elements

When an atom loses electrons, ____ are formed.

How many microliters are in 89.63 L?

How many centimeters are in 15 feet?

Which metric prefix means 1 × 10-9?

The Millikan oil drop experiment was used to determine

Which statement about electrons is true?

Which of the following statements concerning the atom is false?

Electromagnetic radiation having a wavelength of 475 nm is in the blue region of the visible spectrum. Converting this wavelength into centimeters yields:

A piece of paper measures 8.50 in. by 11.0 in. Calculate the area of the piece of paper in square centimeters.

There are ____ milligrams in a kilogram.

The electrical nature of matter can best be demonstrated by an atom's

Which of the following is the most correct for the cathode ray experiments?

Converting 127 pounds to kilograms yields:

Which metric prefix means 1000?

In Rutherford's gold foil experiment:

A pond has dimensions of 24 m. by 25 m. by 3.0 m. What is the volume of the pond in liters?

How many millimeters are in 0.457 yards?

There are ____ millimeters in a centimeter.

Converting 6.390 pounds to grams yields:

How many liters are in 14.6 gallons?

Which metric prefix means 1 × 10^-9?