Question 1

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Whole-grain foods are rich in fiber which helps to promote bowel movement and alleviate constipation.

Question 2

Which of the following foods is a rich source of starch?

Accepted Answer

White rice is a rich source of starch. Starch is a complex carbohydrate made up of glucose molecules, and grains like rice are a common source of starch in the diet. A single cup of cooked rice contains about 45 grams of carbohydrates, with most of that coming from starch.

Question 3

Bryan has type 2 diabetes.Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this chronic disease?

Accepted Answer

Frequent urination is a typical sign of type 2 diabetes, as high blood sugar levels can cause excess glucose to be excreted in the urine. Chest pains, chills, and fever are not typically associated with type 2 diabetes.

Question 4

Chelsea is concerned that her 2-year-old daughter may have type 1 diabetes.Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this form of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Fruity-smelling breath is a common sign of type 1 diabetes as it indicates the presence of ketones in the body. Ketones are produced when the body breaks down fat instead of glucose for energy, which is common in people with type 1 diabetes who cannot properly use glucose due to a lack of insulin. The other choices are not typical signs or symptoms of type 1 diabetes - a normal fasting blood glucose level is not an indicator, urinating less frequently than normal is a sign of dehydration which can occur in diabetes but is not specific to type 1, and gaining unexpected weight is not a typical symptom of type 1 diabetes.

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Fruits and vegetables are a good source of dietary fiber. Option A is false - most forms of fiber are not easily digested in the small intestine. Option B is false - Eating fiber-rich foods helps reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. Option C is false - the typical American diet is deficient in fiber.

Question 6

Which of the following sweeteners provides 4 kcal/g?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose provides 4 kcal/g. Sucralose, Stevia, and Saccharin are zero calorie sweeteners.

Question 7

According to Cleo's physician,her blood cholesterol level is too high.Which of the following foods can Cleo add to her diet to help lower her cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

Fiber is known to help lower cholesterol levels, and a fiber-fortified cereal can be a good option for adding more of it to the diet. Lean beef, processed cheese food, and fat-free chocolate milk are not typically recommended as cholesterol-lowering foods.

Question 8

Caden develops intestinal cramps and gas after he drinks more than a half cup of milk.He can eat yogurt and cheese without any discomfort.Based on this information,Caden probably has

Accepted Answer

Caden is experiencing discomfort after consuming milk, which is a sign of lactose intolerance. Lactose is the sugar found in milk and some people lack the enzyme needed to break it down, which leads to symptoms like intestinal cramps and gas. The fact that he can eat yogurt and cheese without any discomfort suggests that the lactose in those products has already been broken down, either through the fermentation process in yogurt or through the curdling process in cheese. This is not a symptom of diverticulosis or hemorrhoids, and milk allergy would likely involve other symptoms beyond just intestinal discomfort.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

According to several studies and reports, including the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, most Americans do not consume enough dietary fiber. Options A and B are incorrect as fiber is not comprised of fructose molecules and it is classified based on its solubility in water, not oil. Option C is also incorrect as the stringy material found in tough, overcooked meat is not considered dietary fiber.

Question 10

Pancreatic amylase

Accepted Answer

Pancreatic amylase is an enzyme that is secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine to help digest starch into simpler sugars like glucose. It does not contribute to cystic fibrosis, convert glucose to energy in cells, or come from the gallbladder.

Question 11

Phil is a healthy college student.When he wakes up in the morning,he can't wait to eat breakfast.While he is asleep and before he consumes food or beverages,his pancreas secretes _____ to maintain his blood glucose level within normal limits.

Accepted Answer

Glucagon is secreted by the pancreas to increase blood glucose levels by promoting the release of glucose from stored glycogen in the liver, especially during fasting states like sleep.

Question 12

Theresa is concerned that her 10-year-old son may have type 1 diabetes.Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this form of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Losing weight despite increased food intake is a common symptom of type 1 diabetes. This occurs because the body is not able to use glucose properly for energy, so it starts to break down fat and muscle for fuel instead. Gaining unexpected weight or having a normal fasting blood glucose level is not typical of type 1 diabetes. Urinating less frequently than usual is also not a symptom of type 1 diabetes, as frequent urination is actually a more common sign due to the body's attempt to get rid of excess glucose through urine.

Question 13

The starch in rice and potatoes is composed of _____ molecules.

Accepted Answer

Starch is a polysaccharide made up of glucose molecules. Fructose is a monosaccharide, while glycogen is a storage polysaccharide in animals, not plants. Therefore, B is the correct answer.

Question 14

If you wanted to include a starchy food to your meal,which of the following foods would you add?

Accepted Answer

Potatoes are a starchy vegetable, making them a great choice to include in a meal when looking to add a source of carbohydrates. Honey, milk, and eggs are not starchy foods.

Question 15

Clayton is a 19-year-old college student.He avoids milk,because he claims drinking the beverage upsets his stomach and gives him intestinal "gas." However,he can eat yogurt and certain types of cheese without experiencing any symptoms.Based on this information,Clayton probably has

Accepted Answer

Clayton's symptoms suggest lactose intolerance, which is an inability to fully digest lactose, a sugar found in milk. This can cause bloating, gas, and other digestive discomfort when consuming milk or milk-based products. However, some people with lactose intolerance can tolerate small amounts of lactose from fermented dairy products like yogurt and certain types of cheese. The other answer choices are unlikely based on the given information.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose is a disaccharide made up of glucose and fructose. When broken down in the body, it provides glucose, which is a source of energy for the body. Therefore, option C is the true statement. Option A is incorrect as sucrose does have caloric value. Option B is incorrect as sucrose is made up of glucose and fructose. Option D is incorrect as both starch and sucrose contain 4 calories per gram, so they supply the same amount of energy per gram.

Question 17

Marissa is concerned about her risk of type 2 diabetes.To reduce her risk of this disease,Marissa should

Accepted Answer

The most effective way for Marissa to reduce her risk of type 2 diabetes is to avoid gaining excess weight. Being overweight or obese is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes, and losing even a small amount of weight can significantly reduce the risk. Taking iron supplements, using artificial sweeteners, or reducing sodium intake may have some health benefits, but they do not specifically address the risk of type 2 diabetes.

Question 18

Which of the following foods is a rich source of starch?

Accepted Answer

Sweet potatoes are a rich source of starch. Seedless grapes and chicken livers are low in starch while egg yolks contain negligible amounts of starch.

Question 19

Lena's 4-year-old son is not well.He lacks much interest in playing,he has lost weight,his breath has a strange odor,and he seems to be thirsty all the time.Based on this information,Lena should

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described suggest that Lena's son may have type 1 diabetes. Increased thirst and weight loss can be indications of high blood sugar levels, and the strange odor on his breath could be a sign of ketoacidosis. Having her son tested for diabetes is the most appropriate next step. Limiting fluid intake or decreasing dietary fiber intake would not be appropriate actions to take without a proper diagnosis. Cystic fibrosis usually involves respiratory symptoms as well, which are not mentioned in this scenario.

Question 20

Which of the following characteristics increases a person's risk of type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Being overweight or obese is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes. This is because excess body fat increases insulin resistance, which can lead to high blood sugar levels over time. Northern European ancestry and taller height are not necessarily linked to an increased risk of diabetes. In fact, certain populations such as South Asians have a higher risk of diabetes despite not necessarily having high rates of obesity. Low blood pressure may actually be protective against diabetes as it indicates good cardiovascular health.

Quiz 5: Carbohydrates

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following foods is a rich source of starch?

Bryan has type 2 diabetes.Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this chronic disease?

Chelsea is concerned that her 2-year-old daughter may have type 1 diabetes.Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this form of diabetes?

Which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following sweeteners provides 4 kcal/g?

According to Cleo's physician,her blood cholesterol level is too high.Which of the following foods can Cleo add to her diet to help lower her cholesterol?

Caden develops intestinal cramps and gas after he drinks more than a half cup of milk.He can eat yogurt and cheese without any discomfort.Based on this information,Caden probably has

Which of the following statements is true?

Pancreatic amylase

Phil is a healthy college student.When he wakes up in the morning,he can't wait to eat breakfast.While he is asleep and before he consumes food or beverages,his pancreas secretes _____ to maintain his blood glucose level within normal limits.

Theresa is concerned that her 10-year-old son may have type 1 diabetes.Which of the following conditions is a typical sign or symptom of this form of diabetes?

The starch in rice and potatoes is composed of _____ molecules.

If you wanted to include a starchy food to your meal,which of the following foods would you add?

Clayton is a 19-year-old college student.He avoids milk,because he claims drinking the beverage upsets his stomach and gives him intestinal "gas." However,he can eat yogurt and certain types of cheese without experiencing any symptoms.Based on this information,Clayton probably has

Which of the following statements is true?

Marissa is concerned about her risk of type 2 diabetes.To reduce her risk of this disease,Marissa should

Which of the following foods is a rich source of starch?

Lena's 4-year-old son is not well.He lacks much interest in playing,he has lost weight,his breath has a strange odor,and he seems to be thirsty all the time.Based on this information,Lena should

Which of the following characteristics increases a person's risk of type 2 diabetes?