Question 1

Infants who are experiencing stranger anxiety will be more afraid of which of the following types of people?

Accepted Answer

Infants experiencing stranger anxiety are more likely to be afraid of unsmiling people because they are not providing any positive facial cues to the infant, which can increase their fear and anxiety. Cheerful and smiling people may still be unfamiliar to the infant, but their positive expressions can potentially help ease the infant's anxiety. Outgoing personality alone does not affect stranger anxiety.

Question 2

Five-month-old Frankie smiles whenever he hears his father singing.His behavior provides an example of ________ smiling.

Accepted Answer

Frankie's smiling is in response to a social stimulus (his father's singing) and is therefore considered social smiling. Reflexive smiling is typically seen in newborns and is not in response to a social stimulus. Basic smiling is not a recognized type of smiling. Internal-based smiling is not a recognized term in relation to infant development.

Question 3

The infant who is most likely to display a reflexive smile is

Accepted Answer

Reflexive smiles, which are not a response to external stimuli but rather occur spontaneously, are most likely to be observed in infants during sleep. This type of smile is different from a social smile, which is a response to specific stimuli such as seeing a parent's face or hearing a familiar voice.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is not true about 4- and 5-year-olds with regard to understanding emotions?

Accepted Answer

While 4- and 5-year-olds may struggle with managing their emotions, they do have some understanding of how to control their behavior to meet social standards. This statement is not true.

Question 5

Cries and smiles are two emotional expressions that infants display when interacting with parents and they are the first forms of the baby's

Accepted Answer

Cries and smiles are the first forms of emotional expression that infants display when interacting with their parents, indicating their ability to communicate their emotional states. The other answer choices are not supported by the information given.

Question 6

Parents who monitor their children's emotions and see their children's negative emotions as an opportunity to teach their children how to label their emotions and how to deal with their emotions effectively are using emotion ________.

Accepted Answer

The term "coaching" suggests a collaborative approach where the parent is helping their child develop important emotional skills. "Teaching" and "training" imply a more one-sided approach where the parent is simply imparting knowledge or skills onto the child. "Controlling" has a negative connotation and implies that the parent is dictating how the child should feel or behave.

Question 7

According to Bowlby,the function of an infant's cry is to

Accepted Answer

Bowlby believed that the function of an infant's cry was to elicit caretaking from adults, as this is crucial for the infant's survival and development.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about stranger anxiety is false?

Accepted Answer

Stranger anxiety is a normal developmental phase in infants where they become more aware and cautious of unfamiliar people. It typically emerges around 6-8 months of age and is a sign that the infant is developing healthy attachment behaviors. While not every infant goes through this phase, it is a common experience. Feeling secure with a familiar caregiver can help lessen anxiety in unfamiliar situations. However, if a child shows extreme anxiety or fear in social situations and it impacts their daily functioning, it may be a sign of a deeper problem and should be evaluated by a pediatrician or mental health professional.

Question 9

Kiley is reacting negatively to not being allowed to have a toy she wants in the store.Her mother tells Kiley to stop being mad,and walks away as Kiley follows her,crying,is using emotion ______.

Accepted Answer

The mother is dismissing Kiley's emotions by telling her to stop being mad and walking away.

Question 10

Stranger anxiety,which is the fear and wariness of strangers,begins

Accepted Answer

Stranger anxiety typically begins in the second half of the first year, around 6 to 7 months old. At this stage, infants begin to differentiate between familiar faces and strangers, and may show signs of distress or fear in the presence of unfamiliar people.

Question 11

When does the child gradually develop an ability to inhibit,and minimize the intensity and duration of,emotional reactions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of When does the child gradually develop an...

Question 12

With increasing age in infancy and early childhood,regulation of emotions shifts gradually from external sources in the world,for example,__________________,to self-initiated internal resources.

Accepted Answer

As children grow, they gradually shift from relying on external sources such as teachers, parents, and peers to regulate their emotions to relying on self-initiated internal resources. Therefore, all of the given options - teachers, parents, and peers - are correct.

Question 13

_______________ is expressed when children feel joy as a result of the successful outcome of a particular action.It is associated with achieving a particular goal.

Accepted Answer

The term that describes the feeling of joy resulting from the successful outcome of a particular action and associated with achieving a particular goal is pride. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Unawareness, pain, and shame do not fit the description of the feeling being described.

Question 14

Which one of the following is not a sign of early emotional regulation?

Accepted Answer

Early emotional regulation in infants and young children typically involves behaviors they can initiate on their own to manage their emotions, such as sucking, redirecting or distracting themselves, and self-soothing. Responding to talk, however, is more of an interactive process involving another person's intervention to help regulate the child's emotions, rather than an independent strategy initiated by the child.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a type of crying in babies?

Accepted Answer

There is no such thing as a "danger cry" in babies. The other types of crying listed (basic cry, pain cry, anger cry) are all recognized as common types of crying in infants.

Question 16

The most important changes in emotional development in early childhood include an increased ability to

Accepted Answer

The most important changes in emotional development in early childhood include an increased ability to talk about emotion and understand it better. Children become more adept at recognizing and labeling their own emotions, as well as understanding the emotions of others. They also develop better emotional regulation skills, which involve managing their own emotions in response to different situations. Options A, B, and D may be important social skills, but they do not reflect the primary changes in emotional development during early childhood.

Question 17

________________ emerges when children perceive they have not met standards or goals.

Accepted Answer

Shame is the feeling of embarrassment or humiliation that arises when children perceive themselves to have fallen short of expectations or standards. It is a negative emotion that can have an impact on their self-esteem and self-worth. Unawareness, pain, and pride are not directly related to the perception of not meeting standards or goals.

Question 18

Which pattern best exemplifies the "basic cry"?

Accepted Answer

The "basic cry" pattern typically starts with a cry followed by a brief silence, then a shorter cry of higher pitch, and another brief silence. This pattern is a common way infants communicate discomfort or the need for basic necessities.

Question 19

While watching television,you suddenly hear your infant crying in the next room.The initial cry is loud,sudden,and long.The infant then appears to hold its breath for an extended period.Your infant is most likely

Accepted Answer

The sudden and loud cry followed by a prolonged period of holding breath suggests that the infant is experiencing pain. This behavior is often seen in infants who have colic, gas, or discomfort. It is important to check on the infant and address any potential sources of pain or discomfort.

Question 20

_______________________ consists of effectively managing arousal to adapt and reach a goal.

Accepted Answer

Emotional regulation is the process of managing and adjusting the intensity and expression of one's emotions in order to achieve a desired outcome or to adapt to a situation. It involves recognizing and addressing emotional triggers, managing emotional arousal, and developing healthy emotional coping strategies.

Quiz 10: Emotional Development