Question 1

A person's position within society based on occupational,educational,and economic characteristics is referred to as
A)culture.
B)socioeconomic status.
C)marital status.
D)adjusted income status.

Accepted Answer

Socioeconomic status (SES) is a person's position within society based on their occupational, educational, and economic characteristics. Culture (A) refers to the beliefs, values, and customs of a society or group, which can influence SES but is not synonymous with it. Marital status (C) refers to whether a person is married, single, divorced, etc., which is also not equivalent to SES. Adjusted income status (D) is not a commonly used term and is not a recognized concept in the social sciences.

Question 2

A researcher who wants to study the effect of parenting styles on development would need to take into consideration the socioeconomic status and cultural settings of the families being studied.These aspects are a part of the "_____" of development.
A)goals
B)environment
C)domain
D)context

Accepted Answer

The context of development includes the environmental and cultural factors that influence development, such as socioeconomic status and cultural settings. Therefore, the researcher would need to take into consideration the context of the families being studied when investigating the effect of parenting styles on development.

Question 3

The main goal of the Ascend two-generation education intervention is to
A)provide housing for the homeless.
B)insure that all members of a family are paid extra when they are employed.
C)emphasize increasing postsecondary education for mothers and improve the quality of their children's early childhood education.
D)increase the likelihood that if a child has more than two siblings,at least one of those siblings will be placed in a middle- to upper-class household.

Accepted Answer

The main goal of the Ascend two-generation education intervention is to improve the educational outcomes of both mothers and their children through increased emphasis on postsecondary education for mothers and improving the quality of their children's early childhood education. This is focused on breaking the cycle of poverty and increasing opportunities for families. Options A, B, and D are not related to the goals of the Ascend intervention.

Question 4

The developmental period of roughly nine months during which a single cell grows into an organism is known as the ________ period.
A)prenatal
B)infancy
C)early childhood
D)adolescent

Accepted Answer

The period of time described in the question, during which a single cell grows into an organism, is clearly prenatal, meaning before birth. Infancy, early childhood, and adolescence all refer to developmental periods after birth.

Question 5

Kwame became angry because Harry took his toy without asking,and he punched Harry in the arm.Kwame's response reflects the role of _____ processes in his development.
A)biological
B)cognitive
C)socioemotional
D)assimilative

Accepted Answer

Kwame's response, punching Harry in the arm, reflects the socioemotional processes in his development. Socioemotional processes involve the interactions between an individual's emotions, personality, and social relationships, and they influence how individuals behave and respond to different situations. In this case, Kwame's anger and frustration at the situation with Harry led to his physical response.

Question 6

Juanita is a homeless child living well below the poverty line.Despite her surroundings,Juanita is an intelligent young girl with multiple talents and self-confidence.Based on research by Ann Masten,we can predict that Juanita will
A)continue to struggle with personality issues and emotional problems for most of her life.
B)demonstrate resilience and find ways to make the best out of most situations.
C)succumb to her surroundings and become a juvenile delinquent.
D)probably join a gang when she reaches her adolescent years.

Accepted Answer

According to Ann Masten's research on resilience, children who have experienced adverse childhood experiences like homelessness and poverty can develop resilience and coping mechanisms to overcome challenges. Juanita's self-confidence and multiple talents indicate that she may be able to utilize these traits to find ways to make the best out of her situation, despite her difficult surroundings. The other choices (A, C, and D) are not supported by Ann Masten's research on resilience and are unlikely outcomes for Juanita.

Question 7

Which of the following terms refers to the behavior patterns,beliefs,and all other products of a specific group of people that are passed on from generation to generation?
A)Associative context
B)Culture
C)Primary background
D)Social class

Accepted Answer

Culture refers to the behavior patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a specific group of people that are passed on from generation to generation. Associative context, primary background, and social class are not comprehensive enough to cover all the aspects of culture.

Question 8

Which of the following is a benefit of cross-cultural studies?
A)They allow researchers to determine if cultural differences are real or imagined.
B)They allow researchers to collect information from childhood through adolescence.
C)They encourage researchers to ignore genetic similarities across cultures and focus more individual differences.
D)They allow researchers to determine areas where development is similar across cultures or specific to only a particular culture.

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural studies allow researchers to determine areas where development is similar across cultures or specific to only a particular culture. This can provide insight into the universality of certain developmental processes and also highlight important cultural differences that may impact development. Option A is incorrect because cross-cultural studies do not determine if cultural differences are real or imagined, but rather they attempt to understand and explain the differences observed. Option B is incorrect because cross-cultural studies can collect information at any stage of development, not just childhood through adolescence. Option C is incorrect because cross-cultural studies do not encourage researchers to ignore genetic similarities, but rather to consider how culture and genetics interact to influence development.

Question 9

Heredity reflects the role of _____ processes in development.
A)biological
B)cognitive
C)socioemotional
D)individualistic

Accepted Answer

Heredity is the passing down of genetic traits from biological parents to their offspring. This process is purely biological and is not influenced by cognitive or socioemotional factors. Therefore, choice A, biological, is the best answer.

Question 10

Miyako considers herself to be a member of the Ainu tribe because she speaks their language,follows their customs,practices their religion,and knows a lot about their history.Miyako's membership in the Ainu tribe is an example of her
A)collective efficacy.
B)ethnicity.
C)dominant association.
D)primary conditioning.

Accepted Answer

Miyako's membership in the Ainu tribe is based on her shared cultural and social characteristics with the Ainu people, which is her ethnicity. Collective efficacy refers to a group's belief in its ability to accomplish a task or goal. Dominant association refers to the dominant social group in a particular society. Primary conditioning is not relevant to Miyako's situation.

Question 11

Imagining what it would be like to be a movie star is an example of a(n)_____ process of development.
A)biological
B)socioemotional
C)cognitive
D)integrative

Accepted Answer

Imagining being a movie star involves cognitive processes, such as imagination and visualization. Biological processes refer to physical changes and development, socioemotional processes involve relationships and emotions, and integrative processes involve combining different aspects of development.

Question 12

The development of the brain,height and weight gains,motor skills,and the hormonal changes of puberty all reflect the role of _____ processes in development.
A)biological
B)cognitive
C)assimilative
D)socioemotional

Accepted Answer

Biological processes refer to the physical changes that occur in the body, including growth and hormonal changes. The development of the brain, height and weight gains, motor skills, and puberty are all examples of biological processes.

Question 13

Which of the following represents a government's course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citizens?
A)Socialized equity program
B)Welfare policy
C)Public advancement program
D)Social policy

Accepted Answer

Social policy is a government's course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citizens, such as healthcare, education, and social security programs. Socialized equity program and public advancement program are not commonly used terms in political science or public policy, while welfare policy can have negative connotations and be associated with restrictive conditions attached to government assistance.

Question 14

When Tamika solves a simple math problem involving additions and subtractions,she has shown development in the _____ processes.
A)biological
B)cognitive
C)socioemotional
D)integrative

Accepted Answer

Cognitive processes involve the mental activities such as perception, thinking, and problem-solving. Solving a math problem involves cognitive processes as it requires thinking and problem-solving skills. Therefore, the best choice is B) cognitive.

Question 15

Bonds to caring adults outside the family,connections to positive organizations,and attending effective schools are all associated with
A)resilience.
B)declines in cognitive functioning.
C)social policy.
D)cultural differences.

Accepted Answer

Bonds to caring adults outside the family, connections to positive organizations, and attending effective schools are all protective factors that support resilience in children and youth. Resilience is the ability to adapt and overcome adversity, and it has been linked to positive developmental outcomes.

Question 16

Madison grew up in a single-parent,poor,urban home with her mother and three siblings.This represents the _____ of Madison's development.
A)context
B)reference
C)environment
D)domain

Accepted Answer

The word "context" refers to the specific social and cultural circumstances that shape an individual's development. Madison's experience growing up in a single-parent, poor, urban home with her mother and siblings represents the context in which she developed. This context likely influenced many aspects of her development, including her cognitive, emotional, and social development.

Question 17

Which of the following examples BEST reflects the role of cognitive processes in development?
A)Developing assertiveness
B)Height and weight gains
C)Development of the brain
D)Memorizing a poem

Accepted Answer

Memorizing a poem involves cognitive processes such as attention, encoding, rehearsal, and retrieval. This example directly shows how cognitive processes influence development by enhancing memory skills.

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of resilient individuals?
A)Good intellectual functioning
B)Self-confidence
C)High self-esteem
D)High SES

Accepted Answer

High SES (socioeconomic status) is not a characteristic of resilience. The other options, good intellectual functioning, self-confidence, and high self-esteem, are frequently associated with resilient individuals.

Question 19

Which process of development involves interactions with other people?
A)Integrative
B)Biological
C)Cognitive
D)Socioemotional

Accepted Answer

The socioemotional process involves interactions with other people, such as forming relationships, developing social skills, and managing emotions in social contexts. The other processes listed (Integrative, Biological, Cognitive) do not necessarily involve interactions with others.

Question 20

Which of the following statements about development is accurate?
A)The process of development ends during early adulthood.
B)The process of development starts during early childhood.
C)Most development involves growth,although it also includes decline.
D)Most of the physical development happens during late adulthood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about development...

Quiz 1: Introduction

A person's position within society based on occupational,educational,and economic characteristics is referred to as

A researcher who wants to study the effect of parenting styles on development would need to take into consideration the socioeconomic status and cultural settings of the families being studied.These aspects are a part of the "_____" of development.

The main goal of the Ascend two-generation education intervention is to

The developmental period of roughly nine months during which a single cell grows into an organism is known as the ________ period.

Kwame became angry because Harry took his toy without asking,and he punched Harry in the arm.Kwame's response reflects the role of _____ processes in his development.

Juanita is a homeless child living well below the poverty line.Despite her surroundings,Juanita is an intelligent young girl with multiple talents and self-confidence.Based on research by Ann Masten,we can predict that Juanita will

Which of the following terms refers to the behavior patterns,beliefs,and all other products of a specific group of people that are passed on from generation to generation?

Which of the following is a benefit of cross-cultural studies?

Heredity reflects the role of _____ processes in development.

Miyako considers herself to be a member of the Ainu tribe because she speaks their language,follows their customs,practices their religion,and knows a lot about their history.Miyako's membership in the Ainu tribe is an example of her

Imagining what it would be like to be a movie star is an example of a(n) _____ process of development.

The development of the brain,height and weight gains,motor skills,and the hormonal changes of puberty all reflect the role of _____ processes in development.

Which of the following represents a government's course of action designed to promote the welfare of its citizens?

When Tamika solves a simple math problem involving additions and subtractions,she has shown development in the _____ processes.

Bonds to caring adults outside the family,connections to positive organizations,and attending effective schools are all associated with

Madison grew up in a single-parent,poor,urban home with her mother and three siblings.This represents the _____ of Madison's development.

Which of the following examples BEST reflects the role of cognitive processes in development?

Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of resilient individuals?

Which process of development involves interactions with other people?

Which of the following statements about development is accurate?