Question 1

A _____ is a person who remains unmarried,usually for religious reasons.

Accepted Answer

A celibate is someone who remains unmarried, often for religious reasons such as priests, nuns, and monks, who take a vow of celibacy. Pluralist refers to the belief in multiple religious or cultural traditions. Sophomorist is a term used to describe someone who behaves immaturely or foolishly, particularly with regards to their beliefs or opinions. Hedonist is someone who pursues pleasure and self-indulgence above all else.

Question 2

Dualism refers to

Accepted Answer

Dualism refers to the idea that body and spirit are separate and opposed. This is often used in philosophical and religious contexts to describe the belief that the physical and spiritual aspects of a human are distinct from each other. It is often contrasted with monism, which argues that the mind and body are one and the same thing.

Question 3

According to Leviticus,which of the following sexual activities would NOT lead to death?

Accepted Answer

Leviticus 20:18 states that if a man has sexual intercourse with a woman during her menses, they shall both be cut off from their people, but it does not explicitly state that they will be put to death. On the other hand, Leviticus 20:10-16 state that adultery, incestuous relationships, and bestiality are punishable by death.

Question 4

Traditionally,Judaism's view of sex could be summarized by stating that

Accepted Answer

Judaism views sex as a deep and intimate relationship between a man and a woman, as it is understood to be a sacred act within the context of marriage. Sex is seen as both a physical and spiritual joining of two individuals in a union that is sanctified by God's blessing. This perspective on sex is reflected in the traditional Jewish marriage ceremony, which includes the recitation of special prayers and blessings that emphasize the sanctity and importance of sexual relations within marriage.

Question 5

_____ refers to a tranquil state between pleasure and pain in which the mind is unaffected by emotion.

Accepted Answer

Ataraxia is a Greek term that refers to a state of calmness and tranquility where the mind is unaffected by emotions, lying between pleasure and pain. It is a desirable state for philosophers who seek to achieve a peaceful state of mind.

Question 6

What was St.Thomas Aquinas' ethical approach to sex?

Accepted Answer

St. Thomas Aquinas believed in natural law ethics, which asserts that whatever is in accordance with our nature is morally justifiable. Hence, his ethical approach to sex was that sex is good if it follows the natural law of procreation, i.e., if it is between a married couple and intended for procreation. Any sexual activity outside of these parameters, such as sex for pleasure or outside of marriage, is deemed immoral.

Question 7

Which of the following describes the view of sexuality in the Hebrew scriptures?

Accepted Answer

In the Hebrew scriptures, sexuality is viewed as fundamentally positive. The Song of Solomon, for example, contains descriptions of sexual desire and pleasure between a man and a woman within the context of marriage. However, certain sexual acts are deemed sinful or immoral, such as adultery, incest, and same-sex relationships. Nonetheless, the overall view of sexuality in the Hebrew scriptures leans towards celebrating its positive aspects.

Question 8

According to Leviticus,which of the following activities would lead to punishment by death?

Accepted Answer

Leviticus 20:11 states, "If a man has sexual relations with his father’s wife, he has dishonored his father. Both the man and the woman are to be put to death; their blood will be on their own heads." None of the other activities listed lead to punishment by death according to Leviticus.

Question 9

The practice of ritual sexual intercourse to encourage the growth of crops was observed in the _____.

Accepted Answer

The practice of ritual sexual intercourse to encourage the growth of crops was observed in the Canaanite fertility cult.

Question 10

The historical-critical method of St.Paul's teachings reveals that

Accepted Answer

The historical-critical method of St. Paul's teachings highlights his emphasis on the interpersonal implications of human sexuality. He believed that sexual behavior should be governed by love and mutual respect rather than selfish desires. Though St. Paul advocated for sexual abstinence as the best way to focus on spiritual matters, he believed that marriage was a valid option for those who were unable to remain celibate. However, he did not limit the purpose of marriage to procreation but also recognized the value of companionship and partnership in a marital relationship. St. Paul did not explicitly address homosexuality, but some scholars interpret his writings on sexual morality as including a condemnation of same-sex relations.

Question 11

The religion of the world that is unique in insisting on monogamy in marriage is

Accepted Answer

Christianity is the only religion that insists on monogamy in marriage, as is emphasized in the New Testament teachings of Jesus Christ and the letters of the Apostle Paul. While other religions may discourage polygamy, they do not necessarily require monogamy as an absolute rule.

Question 12

Hebrew religious leaders viewed fertility cults as

Accepted Answer

Hebrew religious leaders viewed fertility cults as a threat to their religion because they were associated with Canaanite religions, which they considered to be polytheistic and opposed to the monotheistic worship of Israel's God. They believed that the Israelites should worship only God and avoid all forms of idolatry or pagan rituals.

Question 13

The Hebrew scriptures regulated sexual behavior of Jews by

Accepted Answer

The Hebrew scriptures prohibit adultery, incest, and bestiality, as well as other sexual behaviors that were considered immoral or inappropriate. Polygyny and concubinage were allowed in certain situations, but they were not encouraged or viewed as ideal. The scriptures also emphasized the importance of sexual purity and fidelity within marriage. Overall, the regulations were intended to promote ethical and respectful treatment of others, as well as to maintain the unique cultural and religious identity of the Jewish people.

Question 14

The source of much of Catholic moral theology and the Church's position on sex and related issues was formed in the
Middle Ages in the writings of St.Thomas Aquinas,who believed that sex

Accepted Answer

St. Thomas Aquinas believed that sex was intended for procreation and that all nonprocreative sex was sinful. This view of sex and its purpose has greatly influenced Catholic moral theology and the Church's position on sex and related issues.

Question 15

As the Church became the official religion of the Roman Empire,much of its original fervor was lost and it began to grow corrupt and worldly.In which of the following ways did serious Christians revolt against this situation?

Accepted Answer

Serious Christians revolted against the corruption and worldliness of the Church by taking up the practice of celibacy. This was seen as a way to resist the temptations of the flesh and to focus on spiritual matters. Celibacy was also seen as a way to avoid the corruption that could come with marriage and family life. This movement towards celibacy helped to reinvigorate the Church and bring about a renewed focus on spiritual matters.

Question 16

During the Middle Ages,his great accomplishment was the Summa Theologica-a synthesis of Christian theology with
Aristotelian philosophy-which answered Christians' questions about nocturnal emissions and homosexuality.This person being referred to here is _____.

Accepted Answer

St. Thomas Aquinas is known for his great accomplishment, the Summa Theologica, which tackled various theological and philosophical questions, including nocturnal emissions and homosexuality.

Question 17

Which of the following is characterized by a depreciation of the material world and the physical aspect of humanity?

Accepted Answer

Dualism is the belief that the material world and the physical aspect of humanity are inferior to the spiritual or immaterial realm. It is characterized by a depreciation of the physical world and a focus on spiritual or abstract concepts.

Question 18

Which of the following statements describes the view of sexuality in the Hebrew scriptures?

Accepted Answer

The Hebrew scriptures view sexuality as inseparable from its social consequences. Sex is not simply a matter of personal pleasure or procreation, but is deeply intertwined with issues of family life, community values, and religious purity. Sexual sins are considered a threat to the social order and can lead to divine punishment. At the same time, sexual relationships within marriage are considered sacred and can serve as a means of attaining spiritual intimacy and fulfillment.

Question 19

The negativity toward sex in the Christian tradition is rooted in

Accepted Answer

The negativity toward sex in the Christian tradition is mostly attributed to the influence of philosophies like Stoicism and Neo-Platonism, which viewed the physical pleasures of the body, including sexual pleasure, with suspicion and even disdain. While the Bible and the teachings of St. Paul do include some restrictions and guidelines regarding sexual behavior, they do not promote a wholesale condemnation of sexuality. Martin Luther, on the other hand, emphasized the goodness and even sacredness of sexuality within marriage, so his teachings do not support the notion of negativity towards sex in Christianity.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true concerning Jesus' teachings about sex?

Accepted Answer

While Jesus did speak about the importance of sexual purity and fidelity within marriage, he did not put any particular emphasis upon sexual conduct as compared to other aspects of a person's moral life. His teachings were more focused on love, forgiveness, and faith in God.

Quiz 19: Ethics, Religion, and Sexuality