Question 1

Kayla views attending basketball games as a way of expressing her personal identity.This is an example of which factor influencing direct consumption?

Accepted Answer

The factor influencing direct consumption in this situation is team or sport identification, as Kayla identifies with basketball and attending games as a way of expressing her personal identity. Personal options, personal incentives, and marketing incentives do not apply in this scenario.

Question 2

After Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans,many residents of the city became fans of the New Orleans Saints.The team became a symbol of the city's spirit.This is an example of a ________ path to fan identification with a sport.

Accepted Answer

The community path to fan identification refers to fans identifying with a team because of the sense of community that surrounds the team. In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina, the New Orleans Saints became a symbol of the city's resilience and spirit, which led many residents to identify with and support the team as a symbol of their community.

Question 3

In Cleveland,the "Dawg Pound" is a section of enthusiastic fans located in one of the end sections.This is an example of which factor influencing direct consumption?

Accepted Answer

The "Dawg Pound" is an example of team identification, as it refers to a specific section of fans who are known for their enthusiasm and support for the Cleveland Browns football team. This factor influences direct consumption by creating a sense of belonging and community among fans who identify with the team, which can motivate them to attend games and purchase related merchandise.

Question 4

The psychological factor that has the greatest impact on sporting event attendance is

Accepted Answer

Team identification, or the emotional attachment a fan has to a particular sports team, has consistently been shown to be one of the strongest predictors of attendance at sporting events. Other factors may play a role, but team identification tends to be the most significant.

Question 5

Emily started playing basketball when she was 8 years old.As a result,she became an avid fan of the local women's professional basketball team.This is an example of ________ path to fan identification with a sport.

Accepted Answer

Participation refers to becoming a fan through personal involvement in the sport, as Emily started playing basketball herself.

Question 6

According to the FCI statistics for major sports,which of the following has the highest average league costs?

Accepted Answer

The National Football League (NFL) has the highest average league costs among the options listed, primarily due to its extensive operational expenses, high player salaries, and significant investments in stadiums and facilities.

Question 7

Convenience and comfort factors that influence perceived options for direct consumption of a sporting event include the following except

Accepted Answer

The day and time of the event, parking availability, and availability of indirect consumption all contribute to the convenience and comfort factors that influence perceived options for direct consumption of a sporting event. However, an individual's personal finances are not directly related to these factors and therefore do not influence perceived options for direct consumption.

Question 8

What is the most likely benefit of broadcasting a college football game on a nontraditional day for football,such as a Wednesday?

Accepted Answer

Broadcasting a college football game on a nontraditional day for football, such as a Wednesday, would allow for the game to gain network exposure without competition from other teams. This means that the game would have a better chance of attracting viewers who may not typically watch college football, potentially expanding the audience and increasing the game's overall visibility.

Question 9

Since the football game will be on ESPN,Nicholas has decided to watch the game at the local sport bar rather than drive to the stadium.This is an example of which convenience and comfort factor of perceived options for direct sports consumption?

Accepted Answer

The choice to watch the game at a local sports bar instead of driving to the stadium is influenced by the availability of indirect consumption options, such as watching the game on ESPN. This allows Nicholas to enjoy the game without the need to travel, highlighting the convenience and comfort of watching the game indirectly.

Question 10

To combat the loss of revenue created by indirect consumption of sporting events,teams have used the following strategies except

Accepted Answer

The answer of To combat the loss of revenue created...

Question 11

Variables that represent perceived options for sports consumers include the following except

Accepted Answer

Star power refers to the appeal or attractiveness of athletes or sports teams based on their fame and success, rather than representing a perceived option for sports consumers.

Question 12

Providing the indirect consumption of games through television broadcasts offers the following benefits except

Accepted Answer

Increasing levels of sponsorship support is not an exception; it is actually one of the benefits of broadcasting games on television. This exposure can attract more sponsors looking to associate their brand with the team or sport. The question asks for the benefits except one, implying that three of the options are benefits, but the phrasing of the answer suggests looking for an option that does not fit. However, all provided options (A, B, C, D) are indeed benefits of broadcasting games on television, which might have led to confusion. The correct interpretation should focus on identifying a benefit that is not directly related to the indirect consumption of games through television broadcasts, but all the given options are related.

Question 13

Of the following convenience and comfort factors,the one that a sports property has some influence over would be

Accepted Answer

The answer of Of the following convenience and comfort factors,the...

Question 14

Megan is weighing a decision to attend either a professional football game or a baseball game in San Francisco.She knows there are more opportunities to attend the baseball game than the football game.In terms of perceived options,this situation illustrates

Accepted Answer

The situation illustrates "future availability" as Megan knows there are more opportunities to attend the baseball game than the football game. Therefore, it would make more sense for her to attend the football game since the opportunity to attend a baseball game is more readily available.

Question 15

Influences on direct sports consumption developed by Daniel Winn and colleagues include the following except

Accepted Answer

Participation in sports is not listed among the influences on direct sports consumption developed by Daniel Winn and colleagues; their model focuses on aspects like perceived options, team or sport identification, and personal incentives, which affect how individuals choose to consume sports directly.

Question 16

Many of the new stadiums have been built in downtown areas.Which convenience and comfort factor could this decision impact?

Accepted Answer

Building stadiums in downtown areas can impact the convenience and comfort factor related to driving distance and time to the event. This is because downtown areas are often more congested and parking can be limited, making it more difficult and time-consuming for fans to travel to the stadium.

Question 17

Of the following convenience and comfort factors,the one a sports property has the most influence over would be

Accepted Answer

The sports property has the most control over the scheduling of events, which includes the day and time when the event takes place. This allows them to optimize attendance and viewer engagement. Other factors like parking availability, driving distance, and availability of indirect consumption are influenced by external factors and the location of the venue.

Question 18

A number of professional hockey teams have become involved in developing youth hockey leagues.This is an example of using the ________ path to build fan identification with hockey and with the local team.

Accepted Answer

Participation in youth hockey leagues directly involves young players in the sport, fostering a deeper connection and identification with hockey and the local professional team.

Question 19

If the FCI shows that the average cost of attending a Memphis Grizzlies basketball game is below the league average,a good marketing strategy would most likely be to

Accepted Answer

Advertising the value of attending games can attract more fans by highlighting the cost-effectiveness compared to other teams, leveraging the below-average cost as a selling point.

Question 20

All of the following are limitations of using FCI statistics to compare costs between different markets within a particular sport except

Accepted Answer

Ticket price averages are not a limitation of using FCI (Fan Cost Index) statistics to compare costs between different markets within a particular sport. FCI is designed to measure the cost of attending a game, including ticket prices, which are a central component of the index. The other options (cost of living differences, team quality and success, and ticket demand) are external factors that can affect the costs and economic conditions in different markets, making them limitations when comparing costs using FCI.

Quiz 2: Examining Sports Entertainment Consumption