Which of the Following Is a Reason for the Decline

Which of the following is a reason for the decline in union membership in the U.S.?

A) Much recent job growth has occurred among men and younger workers, who are less likely than women and middle-aged workers to join unions
B) Human resource practices that result in lower pay for unionized than for nonunionized workers
C) Management efforts to control costs in response to international competition
D) Much recent business growth has been in the North, where workers are less likely to join unions
E) Government regulation banning unionization