Question 1

According to social exchange theory,the most important predictor of relationship success is _____.

Accepted Answer

Social exchange theory suggests that equity, or the perception that both partners are contributing equally and receiving benefits in proportion to their contributions, is the most important predictor of relationship success. Physical attractiveness, the availability of alternative partners, and passionate love may also play a role in relationship dynamics, but they are not the primary factor according to this theory.

Question 2

Andrew openly criticizes the Asian Americans in his neighborhood.He says that the presence of these "outsiders" has led to an increase in the crime rate in the U.S.Others in his neighborhood do not agree with him.His openly shared racist attitude is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

Andrew's openly shared racist attitude is an example of explicit racism, which involves openly expressing racist beliefs and attitudes towards a particular group.

Question 3

Dave is a handsome and famous celebrity.He has been in a dating relationship with Gabriela,a beautiful and popular actress,for the past two months but he doesn't feel that strongly committed to their relationship.Recently,Dave has been working on a new movie and several women have expressed their interest in getting to know him better.Dave is now contemplating whether he should stay with Gabriela or explore other tempting alternative relationships.According to the investment model,what will Dave probably do next?

Accepted Answer

According to the investment model, commitment in a relationship is influenced by three factors: satisfaction level, quality of alternatives, and investment in the relationship. In this scenario, Dave is not feeling strongly committed to his relationship with Gabriela and is tempted by other alternatives. As a result, it is likely that he will break up with Gabriela and explore other relationships.

Question 4

According to Ellen Berscheid's research,_____ is the most important ingredient of romantic love.

Accepted Answer

Ellen Berscheid's research suggests that sexual attraction is the most important element of romantic love. While caring, affection, and companionship are all important parts of a romantic relationship, Berscheid asserts that without a strong sexual attraction, the relationship cannot be classified as truly romantic love.

Question 5

When individuals desire to have another person near and have a deep,caring affection for the person,they are displaying _____.

Accepted Answer

The description fits the definition of affectionate love, which is characterized by feelings of warmth, closeness, and deep attachment towards another person. Romantic love and passionate love refer to more intense and romanticized forms of love, while the mere exposure effect refers to the tendency to prefer things that are familiar or frequently encountered.

Question 6

The mere exposure effect provides one possible explanation for why _____ increases attraction.

Accepted Answer

The mere exposure effect suggests that people tend to develop a preference for things simply because they are familiar with them. Proximity increases exposure and familiarity, hence increasing attraction.

Question 7

Research on gender and love shows that men _____.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that men tend to fall in love more quickly and easily than women, often due to societal and psychological factors.

Question 8

Which theory of attraction suggests that long-term relationships are likely to continue when both partners are committed and invested in the relationship and when there are few attractive tempting alternatives around?

Accepted Answer

The investment model is the theory of attraction that suggests that long-term relationships are likely to continue when both partners are committed and invested in the relationship and when there are few attractive tempting alternatives around. This model proposes that the level of investment in a relationship affects the commitment level and willingness to stay in the relationship.

Question 9

_____ involves strong components of sexuality and infatuation,and is often predominant in the early part of a love relationship.

Accepted Answer

Romantic love involves strong components of sexuality and infatuation, and is often predominant in the early part of a love relationship. The focus is on passion, excitement, and the thrill of being in love.

Question 10

_____ is reflected in a person's conscious and openly shared attitude,which might be measured using a questionnaire whereas _____ refers to attitudes that exist on a deeper,hidden level,thus they must be measured with a method that does not require awareness.

Accepted Answer

The first blank refers to explicit attitudes, which are conscious and openly shared, and can be measured using a questionnaire. The second blank refers to implicit attitudes, which exist on a deeper, hidden level and require a method that does not require awareness. Therefore, the best choice is B where explicit racism refers to conscious and openly shared attitudes, while implicit racism refers to attitudes that exist on a deeper, hidden level.

Question 11

Tom has left home and is attending college in a city far away from home where he doesn't know anybody.According to the principle of proximity,Tom will be most likely to make friends with _____.

Accepted Answer

The principle of proximity states that people are more likely to form relationships with those who are physically close to them. Since Bill is Tom's roommate, he is the closest physically, and thus, Tom is most likely to make friends with him.

Question 12

According to _____,your feelings about a relationship are a function of how fair you feel the relationship is or how much you feel you get out as much as you put in.

Accepted Answer

The statement describes the main premise of social exchange theory - individuals engage in relationships based on the rewards and costs they receive and perceive from the interaction. The theory proposes that individuals seek to maximize their rewards while minimizing their costs in relationships. The fairness of the exchange is an important factor in shaping one's feelings towards the relationship.

Question 13

According to attribution theory,what three dimensions do individuals evaluate when they are trying to explain the underlying causes of behavior?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to attribution theory,what three dimensions do...

Question 14

Equity is a strong predictor of relationship satisfaction _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Equity is a strong predictor of relationship...

Question 15

Sherif's Robbers Cave study showed that perceptions of the out-group are affected by _____.

Accepted Answer

Sherif's Robbers Cave study demonstrated that perceptions of the out-group can be significantly impacted through competitive and cooperative activities. The study involved creating two groups of boys and having them compete against each other in various tasks, which led to hostility and negative perceptions of the other group. However, when the two groups were brought together and given tasks that required cooperation, they developed positive perceptions of each other. This shows that group dynamics and intergroup interactions can greatly influence how we view those outside of our own group.

Question 16

Social psychologists believe that _____ is particularly strong during the early stages of a relationship,and that _____ increases as the relationship grows and matures.

Accepted Answer

Social psychologists believe that romantic love is particularly strong during the early stages of a relationship, characterized by intense passion and attraction. However, as the relationship grows and matures, affectionate love, which is characterized by feelings of trust, companionship and attachment, becomes more dominant. Therefore, option B, with the order of romantic love followed by affectionate love, is the correct answer.

Question 17

_____ is an unjustified negative attitude toward an individual based on the individual's membership in a group while _____ is an unjustified negative or harmful action toward a member of a group simply because the person belongs to that group.

Accepted Answer

Prejudice is the unjustified negative attitude toward an individual based on their group membership, while discrimination is the unjustified negative or harmful action towards a member of a group simply because they belong to that group. The other answer choices are not the correct definitions for prejudice and discrimination.

Question 18

The concept of consensual validation _____.

Accepted Answer

Consensual validation is the idea that we are attracted to individuals who share our beliefs, values, attitudes, and interests. This is because when someone else validates our views, we feel validated as a person, and this can strengthen our sense of identity and self-worth. Therefore, people are attracted to others who are similar to them because they feel validated and accepted.

Question 19

According to _____,social relationships involve an exchange of goods,the objective of which is to minimize costs and maximize benefits.

Accepted Answer

The statement describes the basic principles of social exchange theory, which suggests people evaluate their relationships based on the costs and benefits involved in interactions and attempt to maximize their rewards while minimizing their costs. The theory suggests individuals engage in an exchange of goods, which may include emotional support or tangible rewards, and that relationships become less satisfying when the costs outweigh the benefits.

Question 20

Joshua is very emotional about his partner Cindy.He is also possessive and gets jealous when she talks to other men in the neighborhood.He demands closeness from her but does not trust her.Which of the following attachment style is evident from Joshua's behavior?

Accepted Answer

Joshua's possessive behavior and jealousy towards Cindy indicate an anxious attachment style. This attachment style is characterized by a fear of abandonment, a need for constant reassurance and validation, and a tendency to become easily overwhelmed by emotions in relationships. Joshua's lack of trust towards Cindy further reinforces this attachment style.

Quiz 11: Social Psychology