Question 1

When an employee learns and practices behaviors that reduce conflict with others,they are experiencing:
A)positive reinforcement.
B)negative reinforcement.
C)automization.
D)vicarious reinforcement.

Accepted Answer

Negative reinforcement involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus to increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated, such as reducing conflict by practicing certain behaviors.

Question 2

Which of the following learning outcomes is likely the most challenging for someone in a wheel chair?
A)Attitudes
B)Cognitive strategies
C)Intellectual skills
D)Motor skills

Accepted Answer

Motor skills are physical skills that require the use of one's body movements, which can pose unique challenges for individuals in a wheelchair. They may require adaptations and accommodations to perform certain physical tasks. While attitudes, cognitive strategies, and intellectual skills may also pose challenges, they may not be as directly impacted by the use of a wheelchair.

Question 3

An owner of a casino who seeks to maximize his slot machine profits would most likely have them programmed on a _____ reinforcement schedule.
A)variable ratio and variable interval combined
B)variable interval
C)fixed ratio and variable interval combined
D)continuous

Accepted Answer

A variable ratio schedule is one in which reinforcement is given after a random number of responses have been made, while a variable interval schedule is one in which reinforcement is given based on the passage of time, but the amount of time is random. By combining these two types of schedules, the owner of the casino can maximize the amount of time and money that people spend on the slot machines, as the unpredictability of the rewards will keep them playing for longer periods.

Question 4

_____ assumes that behavior results from a person's conscious goals and intentions.
A)Social learning theory
B)Need for achievement
C)Goal setting theory
D)Expectancy theory

Accepted Answer

Goal setting theory assumes that behavior is a result of a person setting conscious goals and intentions. It suggests that specific and challenging goals lead to higher levels of performance and that individuals who are committed to their goals are more likely to achieve them. Social learning theory focuses on observational learning and modeling, while the need for achievement and expectancy theory both emphasize the role of motivation in behavior, but do not necessarily assume conscious intentionality.

Question 5

According to _____ theory,people are motivated to perform or avoid specific behaviors because of past outcomes resulting from those behaviors.
A)information processing theory
B)social learning theory
C)reinforcement theory
D)goal setting theory

Accepted Answer

Reinforcement theory suggests that people are motivated to perform or avoid certain behaviors because of the rewards or consequences that they have received in the past. This theory emphasizes the importance of positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, and punishment in shaping behavior. In contrast, information processing theory focuses on how people interpret and process information to make decisions, social learning theory emphasizes the role of observation and modeling in behavior, and goal setting theory emphasizes the importance of setting specific, challenging goals in motivating behavior.

Question 6

_____ reinforcement schedule is characterized by rapid learning and rapid extinction.
A)Variable ratio
B)Fixed ratio
C)Fixed interval
D)Variable interval

Accepted Answer

Fixed ratio reinforcement schedule involves providing reinforcement after a fixed number of responses. This schedule of reinforcement results in a high rate of responding and rapid learning because the individual knows how many responses are required to obtain reinforcement. However, it also results in rapid extinction as responses decrease dramatically once reinforcement stops being provided.

Question 7

In the famous humorist,Will Rogers' saying,"There are three kinds of men:the one that learns by reading,the few that learn by observation,and the rest of 'em that have to pee on the electric fence for themselves",what learning theory best fits learning by experiencing the electric fence?
A)Reinforcement
B)Goal setting
C)Social learning
D)Expectancy

Accepted Answer

Learning by experiencing the electric fence can be attributed to the reinforcement theory, where behavior is shaped by the consequences that follow. In this case, the consequence of receiving an electric shock serves as a punishment, making it less likely for the individual to repeat the behavior of touching the electric fence.

Question 8

Behavior modification is primarily based on:
A)goal mastery.
B)information processing theory.
C)social leaning theory.
D)reinforcement theory.

Accepted Answer

Behavior modification is primarily based on reinforcement theory, which states that behavior is learned and can be changed through the use of reinforcement, punishment, or extinction. This theory emphasizes the importance of consequences in shaping behavior.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a condition of a training program necessary for learning to occur?
A)Training is led by an experienced trainer
B)Allow learning through experience and observation
C)Provide practice opportunities
D)Identify any necessary prerequisites

Accepted Answer

While having an experienced trainer can certainly be helpful, it is not an absolute necessity for learning to occur. The other three conditions listed - allowing learning through experience and observation, providing practice opportunities, and identifying any necessary prerequisites - are all widely recognized as important components of effective training programs.

Question 10

The ability to use several different approaches to diagnosing a computer software problem is an example of which type of learning outcome?
A)Intellectual skills
B)Attitudes
C)Cognitive strategies
D)Motor skills

Accepted Answer

Cognitive strategies involve the ability to manage one's own learning and problem-solving processes, such as using different approaches to diagnose a software problem.

Question 11

In the famous humorist,Will Rogers' saying,"There are three kinds of men:the one that learns by reading,the few that learn by observation,and the rest of 'em that have to pee on the electric fence for themselves",what learning theory best fits learning by observation?
A)Reinforcement
B)Goal setting
C)Social learning
D)Expectancy

Accepted Answer

Social learning theory, developed by psychologist Albert Bandura, emphasizes the importance of observing and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others. This theory suggests that individuals can learn new behaviors and patterns of thinking by observing others and then reproducing these behaviors themselves. Therefore, learning by observation is best explained by the social learning theory.

Question 12

According to goal setting theory,learning is facilitated by:
A)telling trainees to do your best.
B)appealing to their needs.
C)allowing trainees to set their own goals.
D)setting specific and challenging goals.

Accepted Answer

According to goal setting theory, setting specific and challenging goals leads to better learning outcomes. A generic instruction such as "do your best" (A) does not provide clear guidance on what the trainee should do to succeed. Appealing to needs (B) may motivate trainees, but it doesn't necessarily improve learning outcomes. While involving trainees in goal setting (C) can increase their commitment, it is still important that the goals set are specific and challenging.

Question 13

All of the following are training outcomes except:
A)providing quality customer service.
B)practicing making change for customers.
C)successfully closing sales.
D)cleaning a hotel room.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following are training outcomes...

Question 14

A program to improve safety behavior involving posting data on safe work behavior and supervisor recognition of safe behaviors relies primarily on _____ learning theory.
A)social learning
B)goal setting
C)McClelland's n-ach
D)reinforcement

Accepted Answer

The program to improve safety behavior involving posting data on safe work behavior and supervisor recognition of safe behaviors relies primarily on reinforcement theory, which focuses on the use of consequences to strengthen or weaken behaviors. By providing recognition and rewards for safe behavior, the program aims to reinforce and encourage its repetition.

Question 15

In expectancy theory,_____ is the perceived relationship between performance and rewards.
A)valence
B)instrumentality
C)expectancy
D)equity

Accepted Answer

Instrumentality refers to the belief that there is a connection between the level of effort put in and the attainment of desired outcomes or rewards. It is the perceived link between performance and rewards, where an employee believes that his/her efforts will result in the reward or outcome that he/she desires. Therefore, of the choices given, instrumentality best fits the description.

Question 16

A manager assures an older employee that they can learn the new company software and reminded the employee they had learned the old system quickly.The manager is
A)increasing the worker's self-efficacy.
B)setting learning goals for the worker.
C)modeling the desired behavior.
D)raising the valence of the behavior.

Accepted Answer

The manager is increasing the worker's self-efficacy by assuring them that they can learn the new company software, based on their previous success with learning the old system. This increases the worker's confidence in their ability to learn and perform the new tasks required for the job.

Question 17

When an employee learns the 3 steps "stop,drop and roll" if they are on fire,this is an example of _____ learning outcome.
A)motor skills
B)cognitive strategies
C)attitudes
D)verbal information

Accepted Answer

The answer of When an employee learns the 3 steps...

Question 18

In physics class,learning the colors of the light spectrum by remembering the name "Roy G.Biv",is an example of a(n)_____ learning outcome.
A)cognitive strategies
B)motor skills
C)intellectual skills
D)verbal information

Accepted Answer

The answer of In physics class,learning the colors of the...

Question 19

Which of the following does not contribute to a learning orientation?
A)Encouraging competition among trainees
B)Allowing trainees to make errors
C)Experimenting with new ways to perform trained tasks
D)Creating a community of learning

Accepted Answer

Encouraging competition among trainees can create a performance orientation rather than a learning orientation, as trainees may focus more on being the best rather than learning from mistakes and improving their skills.

Question 20

Which of the following is not characteristic of learning as defined in the text?
A)Learning is produced by experience.
B)Learning may result from growth processes.
C)Learning can be a change in knowledge.
D)Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior.

Accepted Answer

The statement "Learning may result from growth processes" is characteristic of learning as defined in the text. The other three statements (A, C, and D) are also characteristics of learning as defined in the text.

Quiz 4: Learning:Theories and Program Design

When an employee learns and practices behaviors that reduce conflict with others,they are experiencing:

Which of the following learning outcomes is likely the most challenging for someone in a wheel chair?

An owner of a casino who seeks to maximize his slot machine profits would most likely have them programmed on a _____ reinforcement schedule.

_____ assumes that behavior results from a person's conscious goals and intentions.

According to _____ theory,people are motivated to perform or avoid specific behaviors because of past outcomes resulting from those behaviors.

_____ reinforcement schedule is characterized by rapid learning and rapid extinction.

In the famous humorist,Will Rogers' saying,"There are three kinds of men:the one that learns by reading,the few that learn by observation,and the rest of 'em that have to pee on the electric fence for themselves",what learning theory best fits learning by experiencing the electric fence?

Behavior modification is primarily based on:

Which of the following is not a condition of a training program necessary for learning to occur?

The ability to use several different approaches to diagnosing a computer software problem is an example of which type of learning outcome?

In the famous humorist,Will Rogers' saying,"There are three kinds of men:the one that learns by reading,the few that learn by observation,and the rest of 'em that have to pee on the electric fence for themselves",what learning theory best fits learning by observation?

According to goal setting theory,learning is facilitated by:

All of the following are training outcomes except:

A program to improve safety behavior involving posting data on safe work behavior and supervisor recognition of safe behaviors relies primarily on _____ learning theory.

In expectancy theory,_____ is the perceived relationship between performance and rewards.

A manager assures an older employee that they can learn the new company software and reminded the employee they had learned the old system quickly.The manager is

When an employee learns the 3 steps "stop,drop and roll" if they are on fire,this is an example of _____ learning outcome.

In physics class,learning the colors of the light spectrum by remembering the name "Roy G.Biv",is an example of a(n) _____ learning outcome.

Which of the following does not contribute to a learning orientation?

Which of the following is not characteristic of learning as defined in the text?