Quiz 20: Summary and Future Directions
Psychology
Q 1Q 1
The goal of personality psychology is to understand
A)differences between people.
B)how people behave across different cultures.
C)how people are similar to one another.
D)the whole of personality.
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Multiple Choice
D
Q 2Q 2
Current research in personality psychology focuses mostly on
A)grand theories of personality.
B)the cognitive/experiential domain.
C)the biological domain.
D)specific components of personality.
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Multiple Choice
D
Q 3Q 3
An understanding of the totality of human personality
A)will never be possible because human personality is much too complex to completely understand.
B)can be accomplished by gaining and integrating knowledge about its many parts.
C)has been accomplished by modern personality psychologists using the latest personality research methods.
D)cannot be accomplished by modern personality psychology in the foreseeable future of the science.
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B
Q 4Q 4
To gain an understanding of the complete picture of human personality researchers must
A)all work together to gain an understanding of the human nature level of human behavior.
B)be systematic in their approaches, use diverse methods and approaches of study, and communicate clearly with other researchers working in various areas of personality psychology.
C)build upon the foundation of the knowledge developed by researchers investigating the intrapsychic domain.
D)continue to work in even narrower specialty areas within personality psychology.
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Multiple Choice
Q 5Q 5
Researchers working in which of the following domains are most interested in stable characteristics that make people different from one another?
A)Adjustment
B)Dispositional
C)Social and cultural
D)Cognitive/experiential
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Multiple Choice
Q 6Q 6
All of the following are questions personality psychologists that study the dispositional domain will continue to ask in the future EXCEPT
A)How many new personality traits exist?
B)How will future advancements in measurement theory affect the study of personality dispositions?
C)How do personality traits interact with situations to produce behaviors?
D)Are the major personality traits of human personality moderately heritable?
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Multiple Choice
Q 7Q 7
This approach to personality dispositions suggests that each person has a distinct psychological signature in terms of the specific ______ relationships between traits and dispositions.
A)temporal
B)if-then
C)cause-effect
D)yin-yang
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Multiple Choice
Q 8Q 8
Further research using the lexical approach is
A)unnecessary.
B)likely to find new traits related to sociability.
C)likely to find new traits related to sexuality or sex differences.
D)likely to find new traits related to agreeableness.
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Multiple Choice
Q 9Q 9
Which of the following topics do the authors of your text believe will be a focus of much of the future research in the biological domain of personality?
A)Approach and avoidance relationships
B)The number of basic personality dispositions
C)The genetic bases of human personality
D)The molecular level of genetic analysis
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Multiple Choice
Q 10Q 10
Research has found that _____ percent of the variation in most of the major personality traits can be attributed to genetic variations.
A)10-20
B)20-50
C)60 to 80
D)100
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Multiple Choice
Q 11Q 11
Future research on genetics and behavior is likely to lead to new discoveries in all of these areas EXCEPT
A)the identification of specific genes that contribute to explaining the genetic variance in behavioral dimensions and disorders.
B)how our genetic makeup contributes to physiological features like eye color or height.
C)genetics researchers studying the effects of shared and non-shared family environments.
D)genes will be found that synthesize specific neurotransmitters that will be related to specific personality traits.
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Multiple Choice
Q 12Q 12
Researchers investigating personality from the evolutionary perspective will most likely find _____ in the future.
A)a few basic adaptations
B)a set of new adaptive problems
C)a few basic traits
D)many more psychological mechanisms than we are now aware of
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Multiple Choice
Q 13Q 13
Proponents of the evolutionary perspective on personality will continue to ask which of the following basic questions?
A)"What are the basic traits of personality?"
B)"What is the adaptive function of each psychological mechanism?"
C)"Are there sex differences in every domain of personality?"
D)"How close have evolutionary adaptations come to perfection?"
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Multiple Choice
Q 14Q 14
The authors of your textbook believe that in the future evolutionary psychology will
A)supplant the other domains of personality as the dominant force in personality psychology.
B)continue to gain in importance, but will not supplant other perspectives.
C)replace the cognitive domain by basing mental functioning on a variety of psychological mechanisms.
D)provide a layer of insight into human nature for discovering a universal set of personality dispositions.
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Multiple Choice
Q 15Q 15
The domain of personality most concerned with unconscious motivation is the _____ domain
A)intrapsychic
B)dispositional
C)biological
D)cognitive/experiential
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 16Q 16
Research in modern personality psychology from the perspective of the intrapsychic domain
A)does not believe there is such a thing as an unconscious.
B)does not study the unconscious.
C)uses many innovative methods to study the unconscious, such as priming and subliminal exposure.
D)believes the unconscious is a cognitive byproduct.
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Multiple Choice
Q 17Q 17
Much current research in the intrapsychic domain addresses
A)the oedipal complex.
B)libido.
C)thanatos.
D)repression.
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Multiple Choice
Q 18Q 18
Recent experimental demonstrations of false memories are
A)indicating that patterns of memories are inconsistent over time.
B)a long way from the issue of repressed or false childhood memories of traumatic events.
C)showing that there are higher instances of childhood sexual abuse then previously believed.
D)questioning the id's responsibility for repressed and false memories.
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Multiple Choice
Q 19Q 19
One modern view on the unconscious is that
A)there is no empirical support for the notion of an unconscious mind as there has been little support for most of Freud's other theories.
B)it is an automatic information processing mechanism that can influence conscious awareness.
C)the unconscious is irrelevant as it can be shown to hold inaccurate or false memories.
D)Freud's view of a motivated unconscious based on sexual and aggressive energy is still the dominant perspective in the intrapsychic domain.
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Multiple Choice
Q 20Q 20
The metaphor most commonly used within the cognitive/experiential domain to describe human information processing is a
A)telephone switching box.
B)computer.
C)blank slate.
D)suitcase.
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Multiple Choice
Q 21Q 21
The following are all concepts subsumed by the cognitive-experiential domain EXCEPT
A)emotions.
B)dispositions.
C)goals.
D)information processing.
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Multiple Choice
Q 22Q 22
The _____ domain is most concerned with understanding subjective experiences.
A)intrapsychic
B)dispositional
C)biological
D)cognitive/experiential
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 23Q 23
Researchers working in which of the following domains are especially interested in how people influence the environment, and how the environment influences personality?
A)Intrapsychic
B)Social and cultural
C)Biological
D)Cognitive/experiential
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Multiple Choice
Q 24Q 24
The fact that our world is becoming "smaller" demonstrates the importance of the _____ domain.
A)intrapsychic
B)social and cultural
C)biological
D)cognitive/experiential
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Multiple Choice
Q 25Q 25
The study of gender most often takes place in the _____ domain.
A)intrapsychic
B)dispositional
C)social and cultural
D)cognitive/experiential
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Multiple Choice
Q 26Q 26
Which of the following concepts is studied by researchers examining the social and cultural domain of personality?
A)Individualism/Collectivism
B)Psychopathology
C)Pleasantness/Unpleasantness
D)Introversion/Extraversion
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Multiple Choice
Q 27Q 27
Research on the relationship between personality and health will likely NOT benefit in the future from
A)studies of positive emotions.
B)longitudinal studies.
C)studies of unconscious goals.
D)studies of heart disease.
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Multiple Choice
Q 28Q 28
Relationships between personality characteristics and health are addressed in the _____ domain.
A)adjustment
B)dispositional
C)social and cultural
D)cognitive/experiential
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Multiple Choice
Q 29Q 29
The most exciting work in personality psychology in the new millennium will be based on the
A)work of many personality researchers working on their own in narrow slices of the domains they have specialized in over time.
B)convergence of teams of researchers across different domains using methods that span multiple levels of analysis.
C)syntheses of all personality psychology under a common framework based on evolutionary psychology.
D)foundation of biological determinism using the results of the human genome project as the basis for studying human personality.
Free
Multiple Choice