Question 1

Examine the influence of trade in the political,cultural,and religious development of the Indian basin.Explain the significance of the monsoon.What role did the Hindu temples of southern India play in economic growth?

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Question 2

What were some of the significant trade goods produced in southern India?

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Question 3

What might the popularity of devotional cults explain about the Hindu response to the spread of Islam?

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Question 4

Examine the small Hindu kingdoms of southern India that arose after the collapse of the Guptas.How did these states resist the spread of Islam? How successful were they in their other endeavors?

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Question 5

Look at the sculpture of Shiva on page 325.How could Shiva be a god of fertility but also a destructive deity? How influential were the devotional cults during this period? What could the growing popularity of the Hindu devotional cults say about the rise of Islam?

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Question 6

When and how did Islam enter northern India?

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Question 7

Examine the complex religious world of India.What were the main religions and how did they interact? Was there an attempt to bring the various branches of belief together?

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Question 8

Examine the invasions of Mahmud of Ghazni and the later establishment of the Delhi sultanate.When did Islam first arrive in India? How successful were Mahmud and the Delhi sultans in winning converts? How did religion affect the power of the Delhi sultans?

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Question 9

How did Islam reach India? How might India's fragmented political situation help explain Islam's success? Why would Islam be popular among certain segments of the Hindu population?

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Question 10

Examine the trade routes illustrated in Map 15.2,The trading world of the Indian Ocean basin,600-1600C.E. How important was India's role in Indian Ocean basin trade? What role did the monsoons play in Indian trade? What are emporia?

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Question 11

In India,as elsewhere,the most effective agents of conversion to Islam were Sufi mystics.

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This statement is true. Sufi mystics played a significant role in the spread of Islam in India and many other parts of the world. They were known for their emphasis on spirituality, tolerance, and compassion, and their message of love and peace resonated with people from different backgrounds and faiths. Sufi orders established themselves in various parts of India, and their teachings and practices became popular among both the elite and the common people. Many Hindus and other non-Muslims were attracted to the Sufi way of life and eventually converted to Islam. Thus, the Sufi mystics were the most effective agents of conversion to Islam in India.

Question 12

Examine the spread of Islam into southeast Asia.How did it spread and why was it successful? In what ways was Islam viewed differently in southeast Asia than elsewhere?

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Question 13

Compare the influence of India on the southeast Asian,Indianized societies to the influence exerted by other major societies studied earlier (e.g.,Greece,China,Byzantium,etc.).Are there any similarities? In what ways was Indian influence different?

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Question 14

What factors led to the collapse of unified,imperial rule in India before and after the reign of Harsha?

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Question 15

Why did a powerful,centralized state like the Tang dynasty in China never arise in India after the collapse of the Guptas? What factors might help explain this fact? How was India affected by its lack of political unification?

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Question 16

Compare and contrast the political and religious structures of the Indianized kingdoms in southeast Asia.

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Question 17

Discuss the changes in the social world of postclassical India.How do changes in the caste system reflect this process?

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Question 18

Examine the development of Hinduism in response to the spread of Islam.What other religions have gone through periods of transition in response to outside threats?

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Question 19

How did Indian agriculture improve in the postclassical era? What was the impact of these improvements on the population of the subcontinent?

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Question 20

Examine the political structure of India after the collapse of Gupta rule.What role did Harsha play during this period?

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Quiz 15: India and the Indian Ocean Basin