Which of the Following Best Represents a Prediction

Which of the following best represents a prediction?

A) "Female defendants are more likely to receive shorter prison sentences than male defendants."
B) "Are gender and judgments of criminal behavior related?"
C) "Do ratings of social desirability vary according to gender?"
D) "Male and female defendants involved in criminal cases are chosen as the participants of a study to determine the relationship between gender and judgments of criminal behavior."