Question 1

Which of the following works like a propeller?
A) eukaryotic flagella
B) prokaryotic flagella
C) eukaryotic cilia
D) prokaryotic cilia

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic flagella work like a propeller, rotating to propel the cell through its environment. Eukaryotic flagella and cilia have a different mechanism, moving in a whip-like or wave-like motion rather than rotating. Prokaryotic cilia do not exist.

Question 2

DNA from which listed organelle is inherited from a child's mother?
A) the nucleus
B) mitochondria
C) chloroplasts
D) lysosomes

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria contain DNA that is passed down from the mother to the child through the egg cell. The DNA from other organelles, such as the nucleus, is inherited from both parents. Chloroplasts and lysosomes are typically not inherited at all.

Question 3

At the most basic level of life,organic compounds are organized into energy-dependent,self-replicating units known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of At the most basic level of life,organic...

Question 4

Which of the following is correctly matched?
A) cilia-microfilaments
B) flagella-tubulin
C) pseudopodia-intermediate filaments
D) microfilaments-keratin

Accepted Answer

Flagella are made of microtubules composed of tubulin protein. Cilia are also made of microtubules and also composed of tubulin protein, but they are shorter and more numerous than flagella. Pseudopodia are cytoplasmic extensions used for cell movement and are composed of microfilaments made of actin protein. Keratin is a type of intermediate filament found in epithelial cells, but it is not involved in cell movement.

Question 5

Organisms whose cells lack internal,membrane-bound organelles are classified as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Organisms whose cells lack internal,membrane-bound organelles are...

Question 6

The contents of cells are often visualized with fluorescent (glow-in-the-dark)stains.You treat a cell with a stain that makes a certain part of the cytoskeleton glow green and another stain that makes mitochondria glow red.Under the microscope,you see a meshwork of green filaments throughout the cell.Red organelles appear to be traveling along the filaments.The green stain you used must stain
A) microtubules.
B) microfilaments.
C) intermediate filaments.
D) motor proteins.

Accepted Answer

The presence of a meshwork of green filaments and organelles moving along them suggests that the stain used is labeling microtubules. Microtubules are a key component of the cytoskeleton and are involved in intracellular transport, which could explain the observed movement of the red organelles along the green filaments.

Question 7

Protists use cilia to move within their habitat,but ciliated human cells like those in the bronchi are always anchored to one another and to an extracellular matrix;what benefit does cilia provide these cells?
A) Ciliary movement can dislodge infective bacteria before they permanently fasten to the plasma membrane.
B) The oxygen content of the extracellular fluid can be increased by agitation with cilia.
C) Ciliary movement can create currents that move secretions like mucus over the surface of a tissue.
D) Ciliary movement can lead to the eventual release of cells from a cell layer when necessary.

Accepted Answer

Ciliary movement creates currents that move secretions like mucus over the surface of a tissue. This helps in the movement of the mucus layer in the bronchi, which helps to trap airborne particles and push them out of the respiratory tract.

Question 8

The ________ model describes the plasma membrane as a mobile mixture of phospholipids and proteins.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ model describes the plasma membrane...

Question 9

You are an astronaut and have discovered an alien photosynthetic organism.It has organelles that are responsible for photosynthesis;these organelles appear to work in much the same way as the chloroplasts in plants on Earth.The only difference is that they are red.Which color of light is NOT likely to drive photosynthesis in these alien organelles?
A) green
B) blue
C) red
D) violet

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are an astronaut and have discovered...

Question 10

The light-capturing pigments of photosynthesis like chlorophyll are contained in the membrane of a structure known as a(n)
A) pore.
B) envelope.
C) crista.
D) thylakoid.

Accepted Answer

The membrane-bound structures that contain the pigments of photosynthesis and where much of the light-dependent reactions take place are called thylakoids.

Question 11

Certain ________ in a cell's membrane form channels through which ions and molecules may pass.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Certain ________ in a cell's membrane form...

Question 12

Which of the following would you find in the cells that produce the mucus that lines the nasal cavities?
A) vesicles
B) grana
C) flagella
D) thylakoids

Accepted Answer

Vesicles are membrane-bound organelles that are involved in the secretion of substances such as mucus. Cells that produce mucus, such as goblet cells in the nasal cavities, would have vesicles containing the mucus that is secreted. Grana, flagella, and thylakoids are not present in these cells.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is FALSE?
A) Actin filaments can change rapidly in length.
B) Actin filaments define the paths for vesicle movement within the cell.
C) Actin filaments allow cells to change shape.
D) Actin filaments allow cells to move.

Accepted Answer

Actin filaments are involved in many cellular processes, including changes in cell shape, cell movement, and vesicle movement, but they do not define the paths for vesicle movement within the cell. Microtubules, another type of cytoskeletal filament, are primarily responsible for organizing the transport of vesicles within the cell.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about mitochondria and chloroplasts is FALSE?
A) They were probably primitive eukaryotic cells.
B) They contain their own DNA.
C) They are able to make some proteins.
D) They reproduce independently of the cell in which they reside.

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are thought to have originated from endosymbiotic bacteria, not primitive eukaryotic cells. This theory suggests that these organelles were once independent prokaryotic organisms that were taken inside a host cell.

Question 15

The following figure shows a mitochondrion,emphasizing its inner and outer membranes.

The inner membrane of the mitochondria is thought to have evolved from
A) a bit of plasma membrane from the early eukaryotic cell that engulfed a bacterium.
B) the membrane surrounding the lysosome that engulfed a bacterium,once it was inside an early eukaryotic cell.
C) the plasma membrane of a prokaryotic cell engulfed by an early eukaryotic cell.
D) infoldings of the plasma membrane of an early eukaryotic cell.

Accepted Answer

The inner membrane of the mitochondria has many similarities to the plasma membrane of prokaryotic cells, including the presence of enzymes involved in electron transport and ATP synthesis. It is believed that mitochondria originated from an endosymbiotic event in which an ancestral eukaryotic cell engulfed a free-living prokaryote, which eventually evolved into the mitochondrion. Therefore, the inner membrane of the mitochondria is thought to have evolved from the plasma membrane of the engulfed prokaryotic cell.

Question 16

Which of the following components contribute to the structure of the cytoskeleton of a cell?
A) microtubules and actin filaments
B) pseudopodia and motor proteins
C) chloroplasts and mitochondria
D) the cell wall and plasma membrane

Accepted Answer

Microtubules and actin filaments are the main components of the cytoskeleton, which provides internal support and organization to the cell. Pseudopodia and motor proteins are also involved in movement, but are not part of the cytoskeleton structure. Chloroplasts and mitochondria are organelles involved in energy production and photosynthesis, but are not part of the cytoskeleton. The cell wall and plasma membrane are external structures that provide protection and regulation of material exchange, but are not involved in the cytoskeleton structure.

Question 17

The cell in the following figure is moving by producing pseudopodia.This type of movement is a result of the reorganization of a certain component of the cytoskeleton (labeled).

Some of the various labeled lines in the figure show
A) microtubules elongating at the leading edge of movement.
B) microfilaments disassembling at the trailing edge of movement.
C) different types of intermediate filaments located in different parts of the cell.
D) motor proteins attached to microtubules pushing the plasma membrane forward.

Accepted Answer

The movement by producing pseudopodia is a result of the reorganization of microfilaments, which are responsible for the extension and contraction of the cell membrane in the direction of movement. Therefore, the correct choice is B, which describes the disassembly of microfilaments at the trailing edge of the cell. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not correspond to the type of movement described in the question.

Question 18

Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by a malfunction of or problem in the lysosomes?
A) Tay-Sachs disease
B) storage diseases
C) adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD)
D) asbestosis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following diseases is NOT...

Question 19

The entire contents of a cell,except for the nucleus,are included in the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The entire contents of a cell,except for...

Question 20

Microtubules are responsible for
A) moving and positioning organelles inside the cell.
B) the formation of pseudopodia.
C) reinforcing and supporting cell structure.
D) strengthening skin cells.

Accepted Answer

Microtubules are tube-like structures that are responsible for various cellular processes, including the movement and positioning of organelles such as the mitochondria, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum. They form the tracks along which motor proteins move these organelles. Therefore, option A, which states that microtubules are responsible for moving and positioning organelles inside the cell, is the correct answer. Options B, C, and D are incorrect, as microtubules are not responsible for the formation of pseudopodia, reinforcing and supporting cell structure, or strengthening skin cells.

Quiz 3: Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Which of the following works like a propeller?

DNA from which listed organelle is inherited from a child's mother?

At the most basic level of life,organic compounds are organized into energy-dependent,self-replicating units known as ________.

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Organisms whose cells lack internal,membrane-bound organelles are classified as ________.

Protists use cilia to move within their habitat,but ciliated human cells like those in the bronchi are always anchored to one another and to an extracellular matrix;what benefit does cilia provide these cells?

The ________ model describes the plasma membrane as a mobile mixture of phospholipids and proteins.

The light-capturing pigments of photosynthesis like chlorophyll are contained in the membrane of a structure known as a(n)

Certain ________ in a cell's membrane form channels through which ions and molecules may pass.

Which of the following would you find in the cells that produce the mucus that lines the nasal cavities?

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following statements about mitochondria and chloroplasts is FALSE?

The following figure shows a mitochondrion,emphasizing its inner and outer membranes. The inner membrane of the mitochondria is thought to have evolved from

Which of the following components contribute to the structure of the cytoskeleton of a cell?

The cell in the following figure is moving by producing pseudopodia.This type of movement is a result of the reorganization of a certain component of the cytoskeleton (labeled) . Some of the various labeled lines in the figure show

Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by a malfunction of or problem in the lysosomes?

The entire contents of a cell,except for the nucleus,are included in the ________.

Microtubules are responsible for