Question 1

Each of the following neurotransmitters seems to play a role in depression EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine are all neurotransmitters that have been linked to depression. Endorphins, on the other hand, are associated with pain relief and pleasure, and do not appear to play a direct role in depression.

Question 2

Which of the following mood disorder terms is CORRECTLY matched with an example

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following mood disorder terms...

Question 3

Which of the following is a negative symptom of schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

Poor hygiene is a negative symptom of schizophrenia, which refers to a reduction or loss of normal functioning and behavior, such as social withdrawal, decreased motivation, lack of emotional expression, and poor self-care or hygiene habits. Delusions and hallucinations are positive symptoms, which are characterized by the presence of abnormal experiences or behaviors, such as false beliefs or perceptions. Inappropriate emotion can be a symptom of either positive or negative symptoms.

Question 4

Rates of depression are fairly consistent across cultures.

Accepted Answer

Rates of depression vary across cultures, and cultural factors such as beliefs, values, and social norms can influence the prevalence of depression. Some cultures may stigmatize mental illness, leading to underreporting of depression, while other cultures may encourage seeking help and support for mental health issues. Additionally, different cultures may have different stressors and risk factors for depression, such as economic hardship or discrimination, which can impact its prevalence.

Question 5

The likelihood of having an episode of depression is ________ in Western nations than in Asian cultures.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The likelihood of having an episode of...

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of the features of schizophrenia

Accepted Answer

Each of the above features, including a decline in overall functioning, disturbances in thought and language, and inappropriate emotion, are characteristic of schizophrenia.

Question 7

Dysthymia refers to a condition in which an individual cycles between periods of depression and periods of mania.

Accepted Answer

Dysthymia, also known as persistent depressive disorder, is a type of chronic depression that lasts for at least two years. It is characterized by a persistent low mood, feelings of hopelessness, and a lack of interest or pleasure in daily activities. There are no periods of mania associated with dysthymia. In contrast, bipolar disorder is a condition in which individuals experience cycles of depression and mania.

Question 8

The cycle of depression involves which of the following

Accepted Answer

The cycle of depression involves cognitions (thoughts), emotions, behaviors, and negative responses from others. It is a self-perpetuating cycle where negative thoughts lead to negative emotions and behaviors, which in turn reinforce negative thoughts, further perpetuating the cycle. This can be exacerbated by negative responses from others, such as criticism or rejection, which further reinforce negative beliefs about oneself. Genes may also play a role in depression, but they are not directly part of the cycle. Dysthymia and fugue are types of mood disorders that may be associated with depression, but they are not part of the cycle itself. Mania is associated with bipolar disorder, which is a separate condition from depression.

Question 9

Regarding schizophrenia,which of the following statements is true

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia has a relatively stable prevalence rate across different cultures and geographic regions, estimated at about 1% of the population worldwide. This consistency suggests that the disorder is not significantly influenced by cultural or ethnic factors. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they either misrepresent the prevalence among different racial groups, confuse schizophrenia with dissociative identity disorder, or inaccurately state the gender distribution of the disorder.

Question 10

Individuals suffering from bipolar disorder cycle between periods of depression and periods of _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Individuals suffering from bipolar disorder cycle between...

Question 11

According to your text,women are _______ as likely as men to suffer from depression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to your text,women are _______ as...

Question 12

Which of the following is a behavior associated with depression

Accepted Answer

All of the choices (changes in appetite, feelings of hopelessness, and loss of interest in personal appearance) are common behaviors associated with depression.

Question 13

Psychologists use the term ________ to refer to a loss of contact with reality.

Accepted Answer

Psychosis is the term used by psychologists to refer to a loss of contact with reality. Hallucinations, delusions, and neuroses may all be symptoms of psychosis, but they are not interchangeable terms.

Question 14

Mr.Wallace is schizophrenic.He appears motionless for long periods and is unresponsive to others.Mr.Wallace displays __________.

Accepted Answer

Mr.Wallace is displaying symptoms of catatonia, which is a state of unresponsiveness to the environment, often associated with schizophrenia.

Question 15

Which of the following defines bipolar disorder

Accepted Answer

Bipolar disorder is characterized by alternating periods of depression and mania. It is a mood disorder that affects a person's ability to function in daily life. The two main phases of bipolar disorder are manic episodes (periods of extreme elation, energy, and activity) and depressive episodes (periods of deep sadness, hopelessness, and lack of energy).

Question 16

In any given year,7% of the American population suffers from a mood disorder.

Accepted Answer

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, approximately 7.9% of adults in the U.S. had at least one major depressive episode in the past year, while 1% had bipolar disorder. Therefore, it can be concluded that a total of around 7% of the American population suffers from a mood disorder in any given year.

Question 17

Which of the following defines dysthymia

Accepted Answer

Dysthymia is a type of mood disorder characterized by a mild but chronic depressive state that lasts for at least two years. It may include symptoms such as low energy, decreased self-esteem, difficulty with concentration, and changes in appetite and sleep patterns.

Question 18

Psychologists representing virtually every perspective on abnormality have contributed to our understanding of depression.Apply the bio-psycho-social model to discuss some of the major biological,psychological,and social contributors to mood disorders

Accepted Answer

The answer of Psychologists representing virtually every perspective on abnormality...

Question 19

Khaled's thought seems disjointed and illogical.In addition,his speech is unusual,he often repeats others' words,and jumps from one topic to another.Of the DSM-IV-TR's clinical disorders,Khaled is most likely suffering from:

Accepted Answer

Khaled's symptoms are most indicative of schizophrenia, which is characterized by disorganized speech and thought patterns, as well as symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations. Anxiety and mood disorders typically do not present with the same level of disordered thinking, and dissociative disorders typically involve a disruption in one's sense of identity or consciousness rather than disorganized speech or thought patterns.

Question 20

Delusions are to hallucinations as _______ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Delusions and hallucinations are both symptoms of psychosis, with delusions involving abnormal beliefs and hallucinations involving perceptions that are not based in reality. Similarly, cognition involves thinking and mental processes, while perception involves the interpretation of sensory information. Therefore, the logical parallel to delusions (abnormal beliefs) is cognition (abnormal thinking), and the parallel to hallucinations (abnormal perceptions) is perception (abnormal interpretation of sensory information).

Quiz 12: Personality