Question 1

Many NGOs recognize that MNCs fail to adhere to high standards of social and environmental responsibility in host countries' markets.

Accepted Answer

Many NGOs recognize that MNCs can have positive impacts on the countries in which they do business, often adhering to higher standards of social and environmental responsibility than local firms. In fact, MNCs may be in a position to transfer "best practices" in social or environmental actions from their home to host countries' markets.

Question 2

The existence of equal opportunity in French and German law guarantees that equal opportunity initiatives will be implemented.

Accepted Answer

The existence of equal opportunity in French and German law does not guarantee that equal opportunity initiatives will be implemented. It is a difficult journey as women attempt to make their mark in the workplace, but soon it may be possible for them to break through the glass ceiling.

Question 3

Kantian moral analysis accepts consequences (either conceivable or likely)as morally irrelevant when evaluating the choice of an agent.

Accepted Answer

Kantian moral analysis rejects consequences (either conceivable or likely) as morally irrelevant when evaluating the choice of an agent. It states that the moral worth of an action does not lie in the effect expected from it, nor in any principle of action which requires to borrow its motive from this expected effect.

Question 4

An aspect that has become a key tenet of Patagonia's strategy is social sustainability with an emphasis on employee welfare.

Accepted Answer

An aspect that has become a key tenet of Patagonia's strategy is social sustainability with an emphasis on employee welfare. Beginning in 1990, Patagonia instituted a policy of visiting every factory that manufactured its goods to evaluate and score working conditions, and it refuses to do business with any factory that does not allow full access or breaks local labor laws.

Question 5

Western philosophers typically hold that people are an intrinsic and inseparable part of the universe.

Accepted Answer

Western philosophers generally assume as a given that the individual is something distinct from the entire universe. Many Western philosophers attempt to describe and categorize the universe from a detached, objective viewpoint.

Question 6

According to a study conducted by the World Economic Forum,an international nonprofit organization that measured the economic opportunities and political empowerment of women by nation in 2015,Japan occupied the first rank in the "gender gap index."

Accepted Answer

According to a study conducted by the World Economic Forum, an international nonprofit organization that measured the economic opportunities and political empowerment of women by nation in 2015, Iceland occupied the first rank in the "gender gap index." Japan occupied the 101st rank.

Question 7

One Percent for the Planet is an international nonprofit dedicated to philanthropy for environmental organizations cofounded by the founder of Patagonia.

Accepted Answer

In 2002, Chouinard expanded on his vision for corporate sustainability by cofounding One Percent for the Planet, an international nonprofit dedicated to philanthropy for environmental organizations. The program encourages companies to follow Patagonia's lead and donate one percent of sales to worthwhile, environmentally focused causes.

Question 8

In the context of corporate governance,the U.K.and U.S.systems have been termed insider systems because ownership tends to be much more concentrated,with shares often being owned by holding companies,families,or banks.

Accepted Answer

In the context of corporate governance, the U.K. and U.S. systems have been termed outsider systems because of dispersed ownership of corporate equity among a large number of outside investors. Historically, although institutional investor ownership was predominant, institutions generally did not hold large shares in any given company; hence, they had limited direct control.

Question 9

Corporate social responsibility includes the actions of a firm that go beyond the requirements of the law and the direct interests of the firm.

Accepted Answer

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) can be defined as the actions of a firm to benefit society beyond the requirements of the law and the direct interests of the firm.

Question 10

In November 2015,Morgan Stanley stated that it has a responsibility to guide the global community toward a low-carbon economy as a financier.

Accepted Answer

In November 2015, on the opening day of the United Nations climate summit in Paris, Morgan Stanley stated that it, as a financier, has a responsibility to guide the global community toward a low-carbon economy. Also, Morgan Stanley and Wells Fargo announced that they would no longer provide financing to coal-mining companies in both the developed and developing world.

Question 11

Ethical dilemmas arise from conflicts between ethical standards of a country and business ethics,or the moral code guiding business behavior.

Accepted Answer

Ethical dilemmas arise from conflicts between ethical standards of a country and business ethics, or the moral code guiding business behavior. Most MNCs seek to adhere to a code of ethical conduct while doing business around the world yet must make some adjustments to respond to local norms and values.

Question 12

Patagonia shows that a company that transforms its corporate strategy to emphasize "doing good" socially and environmentally cannot do well economically.

Accepted Answer

Patagonia shows that a company that transforms its corporate strategy to emphasize "doing good" socially and environmentally can do well economically. With a more environmentally aware public, becoming a "sustainable" business has become an important part of the business model for this company.

Question 13

Sustainability involves development that meets humanity's needs by harming future generations.

Accepted Answer

Sustainability involves development that meets humanity's needs without harming future generations. In the boardroom, the term may first be associated with financial investments or the hope of steadily increasing profits, but for a growing number of companies, this term means the same to them as it does to an environmental conservationist.

Question 14

In the context of corruption,it was observed that when U.S.multinationals stopped influencing foreign officials through personal payments or political contributions,they were unable to sell in that particular market.

Accepted Answer

In the context of corruption, it was observed that when U.S. multinationals stopped influencing foreign officials through personal payments or political contributions, they were still able to sell in that particular market. Given the growth of American MNCs in recent years, it seems fair to conclude that bribes are not a basic part of business in many countries.

Question 15

Eastern perspectives attempt to describe and categorize the universe from a detached,objective viewpoint.

Accepted Answer

Eastern perspectives typically hold that people are an intrinsic and inseparable part of the universe. Also, they hold that attempts to discuss the universe from an objective viewpoint, as though the individual speaking were something separate and detached from the whole, are inherently absurd.

Question 16

The study of morality and standards of conduct is referred to as ethics.

Accepted Answer

Ethics is the study of morality and standards of conduct.

Question 17

In Japan,women in the workforce still experience the effects of a "glass ceiling."

Accepted Answer

In Japan, women in the workforce still experience the effects of a "glass ceiling," meaning that it is difficult, if not impossible, to reach the upper management positions. According to Grant Thornton's 2015 Women in Business report, Japanese women make up only 8 percent of senior executives and managers. Two-thirds of Japanese businesses still have no female members on their senior leadership teams.

Question 18

Tesla has collaborated with several other researchers and car manufacturers to produce greener automobiles to achieve its secondary goal of inspiring sustainability across the entire automobile industry.

Accepted Answer

Inspiring sustainability across the entire automobile industry is a secondary goal for Tesla. To achieve that goal, the company has collaborated with several other car manufacturers to produce greener automobiles.

Question 19

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act makes it illegal for U.S.companies and their managers to attempt to influence foreign officials through personal payments or political contributions.

Accepted Answer

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) makes it illegal for U.S. companies and their managers to attempt to influence foreign officials through personal payments or political contributions.

Question 20

Utilitarianism favors the greatest good for the greatest number of people under a given set of constraints.

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism favors the greatest good for the greatest number of people under a given set of constraints.

Quiz 3: Ethics, Social Responsibility, and Sustainability

Many NGOs recognize that MNCs fail to adhere to high standards of social and environmental responsibility in host countries' markets.

The existence of equal opportunity in French and German law guarantees that equal opportunity initiatives will be implemented.

Kantian moral analysis accepts consequences (either conceivable or likely)as morally irrelevant when evaluating the choice of an agent.

An aspect that has become a key tenet of Patagonia's strategy is social sustainability with an emphasis on employee welfare.

Western philosophers typically hold that people are an intrinsic and inseparable part of the universe.

According to a study conducted by the World Economic Forum,an international nonprofit organization that measured the economic opportunities and political empowerment of women by nation in 2015,Japan occupied the first rank in the "gender gap index."

One Percent for the Planet is an international nonprofit dedicated to philanthropy for environmental organizations cofounded by the founder of Patagonia.

In the context of corporate governance,the U.K.and U.S.systems have been termed insider systems because ownership tends to be much more concentrated,with shares often being owned by holding companies,families,or banks.

Corporate social responsibility includes the actions of a firm that go beyond the requirements of the law and the direct interests of the firm.

In November 2015,Morgan Stanley stated that it has a responsibility to guide the global community toward a low-carbon economy as a financier.

Ethical dilemmas arise from conflicts between ethical standards of a country and business ethics,or the moral code guiding business behavior.

Patagonia shows that a company that transforms its corporate strategy to emphasize "doing good" socially and environmentally cannot do well economically.

Sustainability involves development that meets humanity's needs by harming future generations.

In the context of corruption,it was observed that when U.S.multinationals stopped influencing foreign officials through personal payments or political contributions,they were unable to sell in that particular market.

Eastern perspectives attempt to describe and categorize the universe from a detached,objective viewpoint.

The study of morality and standards of conduct is referred to as ethics.

In Japan,women in the workforce still experience the effects of a "glass ceiling."

Tesla has collaborated with several other researchers and car manufacturers to produce greener automobiles to achieve its secondary goal of inspiring sustainability across the entire automobile industry.

The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act makes it illegal for U.S.companies and their managers to attempt to influence foreign officials through personal payments or political contributions.

Utilitarianism favors the greatest good for the greatest number of people under a given set of constraints.