Question 1

To calculate basal energy needs using the equations developed by the Food and Nutrition Board,one needs information about the individual's

Accepted Answer

All of these choices are important in calculating basal energy needs. Age, weight, height, and gender are all factors that influence basal metabolic rate and thus must be considered in the calculations.

Question 2

Of the following males,who would have the lowest BMR?

Accepted Answer

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) tends to decrease with age, so a 76-year-old male would typically have the lowest BMR compared to younger males.

Question 3

Which hormone increases in the blood immediately following consumption of a meal?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin is released by the small intestine in response to the presence of food and stimulates release of digestive enzymes, as well as reducing food intake by producing a feeling of satiety.

Question 4

The best predictor of your basal metabolic rate is

Accepted Answer

The lean body mass is the most accurate predictor of basal metabolic rate because it reflects the amount of metabolically active tissue in the body. This includes muscle, which burns more calories than fat, so people with more lean body mass tend to have higher basal metabolic rates. Exercise pattern, breakfast, and environmental temperature may all temporarily affect metabolic rate, but they are not reliable predictors of basal metabolic rate.

Question 5

The body's total daily energy expenditure includes

Accepted Answer

The total daily energy expenditure of the body includes three components: basal metabolic rate (energy required to keep the body functioning at rest), thermal effect of food (energy required to digest and absorb food), and effects of physical activity (energy expended during exercise or other physical activities). Height and weight (option B) may be used to calculate the basal metabolic rate, but they are not included in the total daily energy expenditure calculation. BMI (option C) is a measure of body composition and is not directly related to energy expenditure, while food intake and number of hours of sleep (option C) may indirectly affect the total energy expenditure, but they are not components of it. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

Question 6

A factor that can decrease BMR is

Accepted Answer

Consuming a low-energy diet can decrease the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) because the body adapts to the lower energy intake by reducing energy expenditure to conserve energy.

Question 7

A young man weighs 150 pounds.A rough estimate of his basal metabolic rate would be

Accepted Answer

The answer of A young man weighs 150 pounds.A rough...

Question 8

A body mass index of 40 represents

Accepted Answer

A body mass index (BMI) of 40 represents obesity, which is associated with a high risk for health problems such as heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers. Therefore, choice C, a high risk for health problems, is the best answer.

Question 9

Compared to men,the basal metabolic rate of women is

Accepted Answer

Women generally have a higher percentage of body fat and less muscle mass than men, which results in a lower basal metabolic rate. This means that women burn fewer calories at rest than men, making it more difficult for women to lose weight and maintain weight loss.

Question 10

For most adults,the greatest portion of their energy expenditure is for

Accepted Answer

Basal metabolism, also known as resting metabolic rate, is the energy the body uses to stay alive and maintain basic bodily functions such as breathing, circulation, and organ function. This typically accounts for about 60-70% of an adult's daily energy expenditure. Physical activity and the thermic effect of food also contribute to energy expenditure, but to a lesser extent.

Question 11

A man weighs 154 pounds and is 70 inches tall.His BMI is

Accepted Answer

To calculate BMI, we need to use the formula:

BMI = (weight in pounds / (height in inches)^2) x 703

Plugging in the given values, we get:

BMI = (154 / (70)^2) x 703 = 22.14

Therefore, the closest answer choice to 22 is C, which is 22.

Question 12

When the diet contains more energy than is expended,the excess energy

Accepted Answer

Excess energy that is not used by the body is stored as fat in adipose tissue.

Question 13

The ratio of body weight to height is represented as

Accepted Answer

The ratio of body weight to height is known as body mass index (BMI), which is a commonly used indicator of overall health and weight status. A BMI calculation provides a number that is used to categorize individuals as underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese.

Question 14

When energy intake is greater than energy output,body weight

Accepted Answer

When there is an excess of energy intake (more calories consumed than expended), the body stores the excess energy as fat, which leads to an increase in body weight.

Question 15

The thermic effect of food accounts for approximately ______ of energy consumed each day.

Accepted Answer

The thermic effect of food accounts for approximately 5% to 10% of energy consumed each day.

Question 16

The energy spent in maintaining all involuntary processes in the body at rest,awake,and in a non-absorptive state is called

Accepted Answer

Basal metabolism refers to the energy used to maintain involuntary processes in the body at rest, awake, and in a non-absorptive state. Resting metabolism, thermogenesis, and thermic effect all refer to different types of energy expenditure, but not specifically the energy used for basal metabolism.

Question 17

Consumption of a very-low-calorie diet

Accepted Answer

Consuming a very-low-calorie diet for an extended period can decrease BMR by about 10% to 20%. This is because the body tries to conserve energy by slowing down metabolic processes when calorie intake is low.

Question 18

Underwater weighing assesses body composition based on the principle that

Accepted Answer

Underwater weighing uses Archimedes' principle to measure body composition. According to this principle, an object immersed in water is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the water displaced by the object. Lean body tissue, such as muscle, bone, and organs, is more dense than adipose tissue, which means it will displace more water and have a higher underwater weight. Therefore, the method can assess body composition based on the principle that lean body tissue is more dense than adipose tissue.

Question 19

Hunger can be defined as

Accepted Answer

Hunger is a physiological drive to find and eat food. Starvation (option A) refers to a state of extreme malnutrition and is not synonymous with hunger. While distension of the stomach and small intestine (option C) may contribute to feelings of satiety/fullness, it is not the cause of hunger. Option D is incorrect because while psychological factors (such as craving or emotional eating) may influence appetite, hunger specifically refers to the physical need for food.

Question 20

Satiety is largely regulated by the

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus is a key regulator of satiety, as it controls hunger and satiety signals through various hormones and neurotransmitters. It also receives information from the digestive system about the presence of nutrients in the body, which helps regulate food intake. The other options (pituitary gland, cerebral cortex, liver) are not directly involved in satiety regulation.

Quiz 10: Energy Balance,weight Control, Eating Disorders