Question 1

The ________________ fallacy refers to the false belief that it is better not to change one's first answer even if one starts to think that a different answer is correct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________________ fallacy refers to the false...

Question 2

What sorts of cognitive biases do people engage in that help them to feel better about themselves (i.e., what cognitive biases work to satisfy the motivation for self-enhancement)?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What sorts of cognitive biases do people...

Question 3

The actor-observer bias holds that actors tend to make _________________ attributions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The actor-observer bias holds that actors tend...

Question 4

People who receive extremely low scores on IQ tests almost always perform better the second time around. This pattern can be attributed to ________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People who receive extremely low scores on...

Question 5

Recent research suggests that the basic distinction people make in attribution processes is between _________________ and _________________ behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recent research suggests that the basic distinction...

Question 6

When the illusory correlation occurs after only one exposure to a behavior performed by a member of an unfamiliar group, the ________________ has occurred.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the illusory correlation occurs after only...

Question 7

Polina is three years old. She is just beginning to understand concepts such as "dog," "cat," "chair," and "sofa," and to understand how these concepts differ from one another. In other words, she is just beginning to develop ________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Polina is three years old. She is...

Question 8

Monique tends to spend more money than she should on shoes. However, she makes the mistake of thinking that most people spend lots of money on shoes. This makes her feel better about the fact that she herself overspends. It appears that Monique is engaging in the cognitive bias known as the ________________ effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Monique tends to spend more money than...

Question 9

The first instinct fallacy refers to the false belief that it is better not to change one's first answer even if one starts to think that a different answer is correct.

Accepted Answer

The first instinct fallacy is indeed the belief that one's initial answer on a test or decision is more likely to be correct than a later changed answer, despite evidence showing that changes from wrong to right answers are more common than changes from right to wrong.

Question 10

Suppose that you are trying to guess how much money a co-worker of yours makes. You have no idea how much she makes off-hand. To try to guess, you start with your own salary and then add on a few dollars since she has been at your workplace longer than you have. That is, you make use of the ________________ heuristic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that you are trying to guess...

Question 11

Social psychologists call how information is presented to others ________________, while politicians call it ________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Social psychologists call how information is presented...

Question 12

The term ________________ was coined to refer to people's general unwillingness to do much extra conscious thinking (i.e., people's mental "laziness").

Accepted Answer

The answer of The term ________________ was coined to refer...

Question 13

Once a dieter has slipped up and indulged at the Dairy Queen, he or she is likely to engage in ________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Once a dieter has slipped up and...

Question 14

Define scripts and schemas, explain how they enable us to better process information, and give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define scripts and schemas, explain how they...

Question 15

Define and give an example of three heuristics that are discussed in the textbook.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define and give an example of three...

Question 16

The tendency to judge the frequency or likelihood of an event by the ease with which relevant instances come to mind is called the ________________ heuristic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The tendency to judge the frequency or...

Question 17

Within the field of social cognition, the term ________________ essentially refers to schemas that are about events.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Within the field of social cognition, the...

Question 18

Hilda is on a low carbohydrate diet, which restricts her from eating foods such as white bread, potato chips, and pretzels. The more Hilda thinks about the fact that she cannot eat such foods, however, the more desperately she begins to crave them. Social psychologists refer to this kind of pattern as a(n) __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hilda is on a low carbohydrate diet,...

Question 19

The state of having too much information to make a decision or remain informed about a topic is known as ________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The state of having too much information...

Question 20

Describe the ironic consequences of thought suppression, and what strategies might work better to accomplish that same goal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the ironic consequences of thought suppression,...

Quiz 5: Social Cognition