Question 1

Decisions encountered and made before,having objectively correct answers and solvable by using simple rules,policies or numerical computations are

Accepted Answer

Programmed decisions are decisions that have objectively correct answers that can be solved by using simple rules, policies, or numerical computations. These decisions are typically routine and can be made using pre-established guidelines or procedures. Examples of programmed decisions include reordering office supplies and setting employee work schedules.

Question 2

Characteristics of managerial decisions include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Managerial decisions often lack structure as they involve complex and uncertain situations that require judgement, creativity, and problem-solving skills. The other options are not universally applicable to managerial decisions as success, certainty, and convention may vary depending on the situation, while speed may not always be a priority.

Question 3

The confrontational model of decision making arises when people disagree on goals or compete with one another for resources.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The confrontational model of decision making arises...

Question 4

Brainstorming isn't necessarily as effective as some people think.

Accepted Answer

While brainstorming can generate a lot of ideas quickly, it can also lead to groupthink and lack of individual thought. Additionally, not all ideas generated through brainstorming may be practical or effective. Therefore, brainstorming should be used in combination with other idea-generation techniques.

Question 5

Incremental decision making occurs when managers make small decisions and move cautiously toward a bigger solution.

Accepted Answer

Incremental decision making involves making small decisions and taking cautious steps towards a larger solution, rather than making a large decision all at once.

Question 6

The state that exists when the probability of success is less than 100 percent and losses may occur is

Accepted Answer

Risk is the state of uncertainty where the possibility of losses or unfavorable outcomes exists. Uncertainty and probability analysis refer to similar concepts but are not as precise as risk. Certainty and policy formulation do not relate to the concept of probability of success and the possibility of losses.

Question 7

The state that exists when decision makers have insufficient information is

Accepted Answer

Uncertainty is a state where decision-makers do not have sufficient information to make an accurate decision. In this situation, the outcome of a decision cannot be predicted with complete confidence, making it difficult to determine the best course of action. Probability analysis and risk management can help in reducing uncertainty, but they cannot completely eliminate it. Certainty and policy formulation, on the other hand, refer to decision-making situations where there is sufficient information or established procedures to make an informed choice.

Question 8

Jonathan has received two job offers.One is from a firm in New York City,where Jonathan would like to live but the other offer in Kansas City would pay more.Jonathan is having a difficult time making a decision due to experiencing

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jonathan has received two job offers.One is...

Question 9

Managers often ignore problems for which of the following reasons?

Accepted Answer

Managers may be hesitant to address problems because they are uncertain of the amount of time, effort, or difficulty that may be involved in resolving the issue. This uncertainty may lead them to avoid or delay addressing the problem. The other options, such as not agreeing with the outcome or not wanting to impress their boss, are not valid reasons to ignore problems.

Question 10

The state that exists when decision makers have accurate and comprehensive information is

Accepted Answer

Certainty is the state in which decision makers have accurate and comprehensive information. In this state, there is no ambiguity, and decision makers can make informed choices with confidence. This is in contrast to uncertainty or risk, where decision makers lack information or are confronted with unpredictable outcomes. Probability analysis and policy formulation are components of decision-making processes that can be used to reach a state of certainty, but they are not themselves the same as certainty.

Question 11

Sam is the sales manager at Allied Manufacturing.The company makes a wide variety of shoes.The problem is that Sam will call on his customers,get large orders for certain styles and sizes of shoes,and then the company can't fill the orders.Sam is so angry with Phil,who runs Allied's production lines that he can hardly speak."Phil" Sam said,"Why can't you just make plenty of these shoes so that our orders can always be filled?" Phil,of course had his own point of view."I'll tell you why," Phil said."It would cost the company so much that we couldn't afford to pay YOU!!" "Now get off my factory floor!" Phil and Sam could best be described as having a(n)

Accepted Answer

Sam and Phil are experiencing an individual-level conflict, as it is a disagreement between two individuals within the organization regarding production and sales issues.

Question 12

New,novel,complex decisions having no proven answers are

Accepted Answer

Nonprogrammed decisions refer to those decisions that are complex and novel in nature and have no proven answers or solutions. These decisions require a high degree of judgment, analysis, and problem-solving skills, and cannot be made using pre-established rules or procedures (which are used for programmed decisions). Standing decisions are those that are made repeatedly in the course of an organization's operations, while single-use decisions are made only once to address a specific issue. Corporate objectives refer to the long-term goals and targets of an organization, which guide its overall strategy and decision-making.

Question 13

Opposing pressures from different sources is called

Accepted Answer

Opposing pressures from different sources is referred to as conflict.

Question 14

Incremental rationality is a less-than-perfect form of rationality in which decision makers cannot be perfectly rational because decisions are complex and complete information is unavailable or cannot be fully processed.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Incremental rationality is a less-than-perfect form of...

Question 15

Uncertainty exists when the manager

Accepted Answer

Uncertainty exists when the manager has insufficient information to make the decision.

Question 16

Quan works for a large contractor.Company policy requires that in hiring subcontractors,at least three bids must be received and that the lowest bid which meets specifications will be accepted.Quan's decisions regarding the hiring of subcontractors would be classified as

Accepted Answer

Quan's decisions regarding hiring subcontractors follow a set policy and specific steps, which is a characteristic of programmed decisions.

Question 17

(p.105;From the Pages of Business Week)Decision making under crisis conditions will inevitably result in poor decisions and negative publicity.

Accepted Answer

Decision making under crisis conditions does not inevitably result in poor decisions and negative publicity; effective crisis management and decision-making strategies can lead to positive outcomes and maintain or even enhance an organization's reputation.

Question 18

Sally,the owner of Learn English! educational salons is contemplating whether to open the company's first international branch in Europe or in Asia.She is facing a _______ decision.

Accepted Answer

Nonprogrammed decision making involves unique and complex problems, and requires a higher degree of judgment and creativity. The decision Sally faces of where to open the company's first international branch is a complex problem and a nonprogrammed decision.

Question 19

__________ are those decisions encountered and made before,having objectively correct answers,and solvable by using simple rules,policies,or numerical computations.

Accepted Answer

Programmed decisions are those decisions encountered and made before, having objectively correct answers, and solvable by using simple rules, policies, or numerical computations.

Question 20

The garbage can model of decision making occurs when people aren't sure of their goals,or disagree about the goals,and likewise are unsure of or in disagreement about what to do.

Accepted Answer

The garbage can model of decision making is characterized by ambiguity and disagreement about goals and solutions.

Quiz 3: Managerial Decision Making