Question 1

All of the following are warning signs of melanoma EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The presence of a uniform brown color is actually not a warning sign of melanoma. Melanoma may have a variety of colors, including black, brown, tan, pink, red, blue, or white. Asymmetrical shape, uneven or scalloped edges, and a diameter larger than a pea are all common warning signs of melanoma.

Question 2

Which of the following is a cancer that occurs in bones,muscles,and/or connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Sarcoma is a cancer that occurs in the bones, muscles, and/or connective tissue. Lymphoma and leukemia are cancers that affect the blood and lymphatic system. Carcinoma is a cancer that arises in the epithelial tissues of the body, including the skin, lining of the organs, and glands.

Question 3

Which of the following is a cancer that occurs in the infection-fighting regions of the body?

Accepted Answer

Lymphoma is a cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, which is a network of vessels and organs that helps to fight infection and disease. Other types of cancers like carcinoma (arise in epithelial cells that line the external and internal surfaces of the body), sarcoma (begin in the connective tissues of the body), and leukemia (arise in blood cells) have distinct locations and characteristics.

Question 4

Vessels that carry blood to the heart are the

Accepted Answer

Veins are the vessels responsible for carrying blood back to the heart from various parts of the body.

Question 5

Which of the following strategies may lower the risk for ovarian cancer?

Accepted Answer

Having annual pelvic exams can help detect ovarian cancer at an early stage, which may lower the risk of the cancer spreading and becoming more difficult to treat. Not having children and taking fertility drugs may actually increase the risk for ovarian cancer. Having a mother with a history of breast cancer may increase the risk for ovarian cancer, but it is not a strategy for preventing the cancer.

Question 6

Testicular cancer is

Accepted Answer

Testicular cancer is highly curable, with a cure rate of 95%. It is important for men to perform self-examinations regularly to detect any signs of abnormalities. While it is not as common as some other forms of cancer, it is not declining in the US and is most often found in men between the ages of 15 and 34.

Question 7

One reason exercise might decrease breast cancer risk is that

Accepted Answer

Exercise typically decreases body fat, which is associated with a higher risk of breast cancer. Maintaining a healthy body weight and reducing body fat can decrease the levels of certain hormones, such as estrogen, that are linked to breast cancer development. Therefore, regular exercise can be beneficial in reducing the risk of breast cancer. Choices A, C, and D may have their own health benefits, but they are not directly linked to the reduction of breast cancer risk.

Question 8

A man asks his office-mate to call 911 because he is experiencing tightness in his chest,pain in his left arm and shoulder,shortness of breath,and dizziness.Which condition is he likely experiencing?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are indicative of a heart attack, also known as myocardial infarction. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.

Question 9

The two lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out are the

Accepted Answer

The two lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out are called ventricles. The right ventricle receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation, while the left ventricle receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium and pumps it to the rest of the body. Therefore, option A is the best choice.

Question 10

The two upper chambers of the heart that receive blood are the

Accepted Answer

The two upper chambers of the heart that receive blood are called the atria. The ventricles are the lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out to the rest of the body. Venules are small veins that collect blood from capillaries and carry it to larger veins. Arterioles are small arteries that carry blood away from the heart to the capillaries.

Question 11

A woman goes to the emergency room.She tells the nurse that after carrying several loads of laundry up a flight of stairs she is having chest pain and a sensation she describes as her heart being crushed.Which condition is she likely experiencing?

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described, such as chest pain and a sensation of the heart being crushed after physical exertion, are characteristic of angina pectoris, which is chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart.

Question 12

Vessels that carry blood away from the heart are the

Accepted Answer

Arteries are the vessels that carry blood away from the heart. Veins carry blood towards the heart and capillaries are the smallest blood vessels that connect arteries and veins to allow for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood and tissues. Chambers refer to the four compartments of the heart.

Question 13

If caught early,the prognosis for colon cancer is good because

Accepted Answer

The prognosis for colon cancer is good if caught early because the disease progresses slowly, allowing for timely treatment and intervention. While treatments have advanced and diet can play a role in prevention, these factors alone do not guarantee a good prognosis. Delaying treatment can worsen the prognosis, making option D incorrect.

Question 14

The BEST time for a man to perform a testicular self-exam is

Accepted Answer

The best time for a man to perform a testicular self-exam is after a hot shower because the warm water helps to relax the scrotum, making it easier to feel for any abnormalities in the testicles.

Question 15

Thin-walled vessels that are involved in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide are

Accepted Answer

Capillaries are thin-walled vessels that are involved in the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Veins and arteries are larger vessels that transport blood to and from the capillaries. Chambers typically refer to the four chambers of the heart and are not involved in gas exchange directly.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for colorectal cancer?

Accepted Answer

Regular exercise is actually a protective factor against colorectal cancer, so it is not a risk factor. Obesity, family history, and low intake of fruits and vegetables are all known risk factors for colorectal cancer.

Question 17

Which of the following is a cancer that occurs in the blood-forming parts of the body,particularly the bone marrow and spleen?

Accepted Answer

Leukemia is a cancer that affects the blood cells and starts in the bone marrow, the spongy tissue inside bones where blood cells are made.

Question 18

Which of the following is a cancer that occurs in epithelial tissues?

Accepted Answer

Carcinoma is a cancer that occurs in epithelial tissues. Lymphoma and leukemia both involve blood cells, while sarcoma occurs in connective tissues such as bone, muscle, or cartilage.

Question 19

Sexually transmitted diseases have the greatest impact on increasing the incidence of which type of cancer?

Accepted Answer

Sexually transmitted infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), are strongly associated with cervical cancer. Other sexually transmitted infections, such as chlamydia, have also been linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer.

Question 20

In the ABCD rule for the warning signs of melanoma,the B stands for

Accepted Answer

According to the ABCD rule, the letter B stands for border irregularity. This refers to melanoma having an irregular, uneven, or scalloped border rather than a smooth, clearly defined one. The other options (A) bleeding, (C) beyond localized, and (D) basal carcinoma are not the correct choice for what B stands for in the ABCD rule.

Quiz 17: Reducing Your Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer