Question 1

______ schizophrenia is characterized by delusions of persecution,grandeur,and jealousy,together with hallucinations.

Accepted Answer

Paranoid schizophrenia is characterized by delusions of persecution, grandeur, and jealousy, together with hallucinations. Other symptoms may include hostility, anger, and anxiety.

Question 2

The primary purpose of the DSM-IV-TR is to:

Accepted Answer

The DSM-IV-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision) serves as a standardized classification system for mental disorders and is primarily used by mental health professionals to diagnose and categorize psychological disorders.

Question 3

A person who dramatically complains of a specific symptom such as nausea,difficulty swallowing,or pain for which there is no physical cause has a disorder called:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person who dramatically complains of a...

Question 4

Which of the following perspectives claims that shaping may play a big role in the development of some cases of dissociative identity disorder?

Accepted Answer

The behavioural perspective focuses on how experiences shape behavior and personality. Shaping involves reinforcing behaviors that gradually approximate the desired behavior. Dissociative identity disorder may develop as a coping mechanism in response to traumatic experiences, and shaping may play a role in the formation and reinforcement of different identities. Therefore, the behavioural perspective is the best choice for claiming that shaping plays a big role in the development of some cases of dissociative identity disorder. The other perspectives (humanistic, biological, psychoanalytic) do not necessarily focus on how experiences shape behavior in the same way as the behavioural perspective.

Question 5

People with ______ disorders have an excessively rigid,maladaptive pattern of behaviour and ways of relating to others.

Accepted Answer

Personality disorders are characterized by inflexible and dysfunctional patterns of behavior, thinking, and relating to others. They affect the way people perceive and react to situations, and how they relate to others. This distinguishes personality disorders from other types of mental disorders, such as affective disorders (which involve disturbances in mood), somatoform disorders (which involve physical symptoms not fully explained by a medical condition), and schizophrenic disorders (which involve a range of symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, and disordered thinking).

Question 6

Joanna is experiencing severe anxiety.Her psychiatrist attributes her disorder to a chemical imbalance.Her psychiatrist is using the ___________ of abnormality.

Accepted Answer

The biological model of abnormality attributes mental disorders to physical or chemical abnormalities in the brain or body. In this case, the psychiatrist links Joanna's anxiety to a chemical imbalance, which is in line with the biological model.

Question 7

At least two or more of which of the following symptoms must be present for at least one month to diagnose schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

To diagnose schizophrenia, at least two or more of the following symptoms must be present for at least one month: delusions, hallucinations, disturbed emotions, and disturbed behaviour. Option B includes mania, which is not a symptom of schizophrenia. Option C includes depression and phobias, which are not specific to schizophrenia. Option D includes phobias and depression, which are not specific to schizophrenia, and disturbed behaviour is also a symptom of schizophrenia. Therefore, option A is the best choice as it includes all the specific symptoms of schizophrenia.

Question 8

What do psychologists call disorders that are found only in particular cultures?

Accepted Answer

Psychologists call disorders that are found only in particular cultures "culture-bound syndromes". This term reflects the idea that the expression of certain types of mental disorders is culture-specific and may not be found in other cultures or regions.

Question 9

Which axis of the DSM-IV-TR contains an overall judgment made by the psychological professional of the person's mental health and adjustment based on a scale from 0 to 100?

Accepted Answer

Axis V, also known as the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), contains an overall judgment made by the psychological professional of the person's mental health and adjustment based on a scale from 0 to 100.

Question 10

Which of the following is an anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Phobic disorder is an anxiety disorder characterized by an extreme and irrational fear of a specific object or situation. Bipolar disorder, conversion disorder, and schizophrenia are not anxiety disorders.

Question 11

Dr.Nevolia has a client diagnosed with a somatoform disorder.She believes her client's disorder is due to a tendency to magnify her symptoms and allow false beliefs to dominate her thinking.Dr.Nevolia is probably a:

Accepted Answer

Dr. Nevolia's understanding of the client's disorder suggests that she is focusing on the client's thought patterns and beliefs, which is a key aspect of cognitive psychology. A psychoanalyst may focus more on early childhood experiences and unconscious conflicts, while a behaviorist would be more concerned with observable behaviors and their reinforcement. A biological psychologist may be interested in the brain structures or neurotransmitters that may contribute to the disorder, but this does not seem to be the focus of Dr. Nevolia's approach.

Question 12

During the Middle Ages,abnormal behaviour was believed to result from:

Accepted Answer

During the Middle Ages, abnormal behavior was often attributed to demon possession rather than medical or genetic factors. It was believed that demons could possess a person's body and cause them to act in abnormal or sinful ways. This belief was rooted in religious teachings and was often used as a basis for treatment, such as exorcism. While there were some attempts to understand abnormal behavior from a medical perspective during this time, the prevailing belief was that it was caused by supernatural factors.

Question 13

Any behaviour that does not allow a person to function within or adapt to the stresses and everyday demands of life is considered:

Accepted Answer

The term "maladaptive" refers to behavior that hinders a person's ability to function effectively in society or adapt to life's challenges. Therefore, D is the correct answer. A refers to behavior that goes against social norms, B simply describes discomfort, and C refers to behavior that is uncommon.

Question 14

Severe depression that comes on suddenly and seems to have no external cause is called:

Accepted Answer

Major depression is characterized by severe depressive symptoms that occur suddenly and have no apparent external cause. It is different from dysthymia, which is a milder form of depression that is chronic but less severe, and bipolar disorder, which involves episodes of both depression and mania. Hypomania is a less severe form of mania and is not considered a type of depression.

Question 15

According to the biological perspective,generalized anxiety disorder is:

Accepted Answer

According to the biological perspective, generalized anxiety disorder is linked to an imbalance in several neurotransmitters in the nervous system. This perspective focuses on the physical and physiological factors that contribute to the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders.

Question 16

Joey experienced a great amount of anger throughout his childhood and adolescence that he turned inward rather than expressing to others.As a result of not expressing his anger,which of the following disorders is Joey at risk of developing?

Accepted Answer

Joey is at risk of developing depression as a result of not expressing his anger. Suppressing emotions, such as anger, can lead to feelings of hopelessness, sadness, and a lack of interest in activities, which are all symptoms of depression.

Question 17

According to behaviourists,disordered behaviour is a result of:

Accepted Answer

According to behaviourists, disordered behaviour is a result of a set of learned responses. They believe that behaviour is learned through operant and classical conditioning, and that maladaptive behaviour is a result of faulty learning processes. Therefore, disordered behaviour can be unlearned and replaced with new learning through behaviour modification techniques. Repressed thoughts and memories, illogical thinking patterns, and chemical imbalances and brain damage are explanations offered by other psychological approaches.

Question 18

In which disorder does a person seem to experience at least two or more distinct personalities existing in one body?

Accepted Answer

Dissociative identity disorder, previously known as multiple personality disorder, is a dissociative disorder in which a person's identity is fragmented and seems to experience at least two or more distinct personalities existing in one body. Schizophrenia involves a range of symptoms, such as delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and behavior. Panic disorder involves repeated episodes of sudden, intense fear or anxiety that are accompanied by physical symptoms. Depersonalization involves feeling detached from one's body or thoughts and being unable to connect with one's surroundings. However, none of these disorders involve multiple distinct personalities.

Question 19

In Canada,someone who commits a murder while suffering from a disorder such as schizophrenia may be found:

Accepted Answer

In Canada, if someone commits a crime while suffering from a mental disorder, they may be found "not criminally responsible on account of a mental disorder." This means they are not found guilty of the crime, but are also not found innocent. Instead, they are held in a mental health facility until they are deemed safe to re-enter society. This verdict recognizes that the person's mental illness affected their ability to understand the consequences of their actions and/or control their behavior at the time of the crime.

Question 20

Kali is psychologically dissatisfied with her biological sex.She would most likely be diagnosed with:

Accepted Answer

Kali's dissatisfaction with her biological sex suggests that she is experiencing gender dysphoria or gender identity disorder, which is marked by an incongruence between one's experienced/expressed gender and their assigned gender. This is not related to homosexuality, paraphilias, or sexual dysfunctions.

Quiz 15: Psychology and Human Development