Question 1

Psychology as a hub science tells us that ____.

Accepted Answer

Psychology as a hub science means that it has applications and contributions to many other science and social science disciplines such as sociology, economics, political science, and neuroscience, among others. Thus, many disciplines require an in-depth understanding of people provided by psychological research.

Question 2

Philosophers and psychologists have a shared interest in,among other things,______.

Accepted Answer

Philosophers and psychologists share an interest in the origin of knowledge, including how knowledge is acquired and the nature of reality. While there may be some overlap in other areas, such as the scientific method, helping others gain self-confidence falls more into the domain of counseling or therapy, and the anatomy of the nervous system is more specific to neuroscience.

Question 3

A doctor notices that many soldiers returning from fighting in the trenches in World War I are highly anxious,fearful of loud noises,and having difficulty reconnecting with their families.He asks them to record personal observations of their own thoughts,feelings,and behaviors in a journal.This process is called ____.

Accepted Answer

The process described in the scenario is introspection, which refers to the act of examining one's own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. It was a common method used by early psychologists and was often used in therapy for conditions such as PTSD, which many soldiers experienced after returning from war. A is incorrect because extroversion refers to a personality trait characterized by outgoingness and sociability. B is incorrect because transference refers to a psychological phenomenon where a patient transfers their feelings or emotions onto their therapist. C is incorrect because objectivism is a philosophical belief that objective reality exists independent of our perceptions or beliefs.

Question 4

Which of the following is not a shared interest between philosophers and psychologists?

Accepted Answer

Philosophers typically do not focus on the relationships between drug treatments and disorders, as this is more within the realm of psychology and psychiatry.

Question 5

The scientific study of behavior,mental processes,and brain functions is called ____.

Accepted Answer

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior, mental processes, and brain functions. Introspection was a method used in the early years of psychology, but it is not the overall field of study. Behaviorism and functionalism are two specific branches of psychology.

Question 6

The word psychology is a combination of two Greek words: psyche (or psuche),meaning "the soul," and logos,meaning "the ____."

Accepted Answer

The word "psychology" literally means "the study of the soul" in Greek, so the best choice is C, which completes the phrase in a way that accurately represents the meaning of the word. A, B, and D do not accurately represent the meaning of the word.

Question 7

The major precept of the British philosophical school of empiricism was that

Accepted Answer

The major precept of the British philosophical school of empiricism was that the mind is a "blank slate" at birth that gets filled with ideas gained by observing the world. This idea is also known as tabula rasa, which means “blank slate” in Latin.

Question 8

It is difficult for others to confirm an individual's subjective introspections;therefore,this approach does not lend itself well to ____.

Accepted Answer

The scientific method relies on objective, observable, and measurable data that can be replicated and verified by others. Introspective observations, being private and personal experiences, cannot be objectively verified and therefore do not fit with the scientific method.

Question 9

New and innovative methods have allowed psychologists to observe brain activity and revisit questions of mental processes.What quality was introduced to psychological research through the use of these methods?

Accepted Answer

The new and innovative methods have introduced objectivity to psychological research. With the ability to observe brain activity, researchers can now measure and analyze data without the influence of personal biases or subjectivity. This has led to more reliable and valid findings in the field of psychology.

Question 10

Which early figure in psychology determined that signals from the toe took longer to reach the brain than signals from the thigh?

Accepted Answer

Helmholtz was the early figure in psychology who determined that signals from the toe took longer to reach the brain than signals from the thigh through his experiment on the speed of nerve conduction.

Question 11

The psychology family tree includes two major roots: ____.

Accepted Answer

The psychology family tree has two major roots: philosophy and the natural sciences. Many early philosophers, such as Aristotle, Plato, and Descartes, contributed to the development of psychology as a field of study. Later, the natural sciences, such as biology, physics, and chemistry, also contributed to the field as researchers began to use scientific methods to study human behavior and mental processes. While medicine and the social sciences have also played important roles in psychology, they are not considered the major roots of the field. Anthropology and physics are not directly related to the development of psychology as a field, although they may intersect with certain areas of study within psychology.

Question 12

Although the bulk of psychology focuses on human behavior,studying animal behavior has been an essential part of the discipline that allows for ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although the bulk of psychology focuses on...

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the mind?

Accepted Answer

The mind is often used as a way of referring to the activities of the brain, including thought, emotion, and behavior. While the mind is closely related to the brain, it is not equivalent to it. While the brain is a physical organ in the body, the mind is often used to refer to the intangible aspects of human consciousness.

Question 14

LaKeita is randomly presenting sounds to Monica and Monica is responding "yes" when she hears the sound and "no" if she doesn't hear the sound.LaKeita states that the point at which Monica is correct 50% of the time means that the tone is within the range of human hearing.LaKeita's research is most similar to that of which early figure in psychology?

Accepted Answer

LaKeita's research on sound detection and identifying the threshold at which it becomes noticeable is most similar to Gustav Fechner's work on psychophysics, which studied the relationship between physical stimuli and subjective perceptions.

Question 15

The discipline that began to incorporate physiological and psychological concepts into their work,is called ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The discipline that began to incorporate physiological...

Question 16

Rosa,a doctoral student in psychology,observes that one of her young study participants grimaces after taking a bite of broccoli.His facial expression is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

The young study participant's facial expression is a behavior, which means any observable or measurable action or reaction of an individual.

Question 17

The mapping done by Boyack and colleagues shows that psychology is one of the major hub sciences,with strong connections to the ____.

Accepted Answer

Psychology is considered a hub science because it has strong interdisciplinary connections, particularly with the medical sciences, social sciences, and education.

Question 18

Kevin Boyack and his colleagues generated a map of sciences,similar to a map of friendship networks on social media,by using ____.

Accepted Answer

The article states that Boyack and his colleagues generated the map of sciences by using "reference lists in journal articles," indicating that the connections between fields were based on which fields were cited in the references of journal articles.

Question 19

New technologies of the 17th and 18th centuries included all of the following except ____.

Accepted Answer

The electroencephalograph was not invented until the late 19th century, therefore it is not a technology of the 17th and 18th centuries. A, C, and D were all developed during this time period.

Question 20

Any science that studies the __________ events that occur in nature is called a natural science.

Accepted Answer

Natural science refers to the scientific study of physical and biological events occurring in nature, including physics, chemistry, geology, astronomy, biology, and ecology. Spiritual, religious, developmental, and practical events are not within the scope of natural science.

Quiz 1: The Science of Mind the Discipline of Psychology