Question 1

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s). (More than one answer may apply.)
-response to activation of this type of adrenergic receptor usually excitatory

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled...

Question 2

Match the chemicals, labelled a. through d., with their characteristics.
-blocks release of ACh

Accepted Answer

Clostridium botulinum toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine (ACh) at the neuromuscular junction, leading to muscle paralysis.

Question 3

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s). (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-carry information from the central nervous system

Accepted Answer

Efferent neurons and interneurons are involved in carrying information from the central nervous system to various parts of the body, with efferent neurons specifically conveying signals away from the CNS to effectors like muscles and glands, and interneurons facilitating communication within the CNS itself.

Question 4

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s). (More than one answer may apply.)
-response to activation of this type of adrenergic receptor generally inhibitory

Accepted Answer

Beta-2 adrenergic receptors, when activated, generally cause inhibitory responses such as relaxation of smooth muscles in the airways and blood vessels.

Question 5

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s). (More than one answer may apply.)
-have equal affinity for epinephrine and norepinephrine

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled...

Question 6

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s). (More than one answer may apply.)
-bind with acetylcholine released from all autonomic preganglionic fibres

Accepted Answer

Nicotinic receptors bind with acetylcholine released from all autonomic preganglionic fibres.

Question 7

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s). (More than one answer may apply.)
-found in all autonomic ganglia

Accepted Answer

Nicotinic receptors are found in all autonomic ganglia, as well as in the neuromuscular junctions of skeletal muscle.

Answer: B
 Muscarinic receptors are located in the postsynaptic membrane of target organs innervated by parasympathetic fibers, as well as in sweat glands innervated by sympathetic fibers.

Answer: C
 Alpha receptors are located in the postsynaptic membrane of target organs innervated by sympathetic fibers, such as blood vessels that cause vasoconstriction.

Answer: D
 Beta-1 receptors are located in the postsynaptic membrane of the heart, where they stimulate an increase in heart rate and force of contraction.

Answer: E
 Beta-2 receptors are located in the postsynaptic membrane of target organs innervated by sympathetic fibers, such as bronchioles in the lungs, where their activation causes relaxation of smooth muscle.

Question 8

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s). (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-carry information to the central nervous system

Accepted Answer

Afferent neurons carry information to the central nervous system.

Question 9

Match the chemicals, labelled a. through d., with their characteristics.
-causes explosive release of ACh

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the chemicals, labelled a. through d.,...

Question 10

Match the chemicals, labelled a. through d., with their characteristics.
-binds with ACH receptor sites

Accepted Answer

Curare binds with ACH receptor sites, blocking the transmission of nerve impulses and causing muscle paralysis.

Other options:

A) Black widow spider venom causes the excessive release of neurotransmitters including acetylcholine (ACH), resulting in muscle spasms and other symptoms. 
C) Clostridium botulinum toxin blocks the release of ACH from nerve cells, causing muscle paralysis. 
D) Organophosphates inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme that breaks down ACH, leading to an accumulation of ACH and overstimulation of the nervous system.

Question 11

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s). (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-terminate on effector organs

Accepted Answer

Neurons labelled d. can either be efferent neurons or interneurons, as they are involved in transmitting signals from the central nervous system to effectors or between neurons. Neurons that terminate on effector organs are specifically efferent neurons, which includes the motor neurons that control muscles and glands. Afferent neurons transmit signals from sensory receptors to the central nervous system, and therefore do not terminate on effector organs. All three types of neurons (afferent, efferent, and interneurons) are present in the nervous system, but only efferent neurons terminate on effector organs.

Question 12

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s). (More than one answer may apply.)
-bind primarily with epinephrine

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled...

Question 13

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s). (More than one answer may apply.)
-found on effector cell membranes

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled...

Question 14

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s). (More than one answer may apply.)
-adrenergic receptors found primarily in the heart

Accepted Answer

Beta-1 receptors are the adrenergic receptors primarily found in the heart.

Question 15

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s). (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-lie primarily within the peripheral nervous system

Accepted Answer

Afferent and efferent neurons primarily lie within the peripheral nervous system, connecting the central nervous system to limbs and organs. Interneurons are mostly found within the central nervous system.

Question 16

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s). (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-lie entirely within the central nervous system

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the type of neuron, labelled a....

Question 17

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s). (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-alpha motor neurons

Accepted Answer

Neurons labelled a. through d. can all be efferent neurons or interneurons, but only alpha motor neurons are specifically classified as efferent neurons.

Question 18

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s). (Options may be used more than once or not at all.)
-responsible for thoughts and other higher mental functions

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the type of neuron, labelled a....

Question 19

Match the chemicals, labelled a. through d., with their characteristics.
-inhibits acetylcholinesterase

Accepted Answer

Organophosphates are commonly used as insecticides and can inhibit the activity of acetylcholinesterase, leading to the accumulation of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft and causing overstimulation of the nervous system.

Other options:
A) Black widow spider venom contains a neurotoxin called alpha-latrotoxin, which causes the release of neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, leading to muscle spasms and contractions. 
B) Curare is a muscle relaxant that competes with acetylcholine for binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, leading to muscle paralysis. 
C) Clostridium botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin that prevents the release of acetylcholine from nerve endings, leading to muscle paralysis.

Question 20

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s). (More than one answer may apply.)
-bind with acetylcholine released from parasympathetic postganglionic fibres

Accepted Answer

Muscarinic receptors bind with acetylcholine released from parasympathetic postganglionic fibres.

Quiz 4: The Peripheral Nervous System: Sensory, Autonomic, Somatic

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s) . (More than one answer may apply.) -response to activation of this type of adrenergic receptor usually excitatory

Match the chemicals, labelled a. through d., with their characteristics. -blocks release of ACh

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s) . (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -carry information from the central nervous system

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s) . (More than one answer may apply.) -response to activation of this type of adrenergic receptor generally inhibitory

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s) . (More than one answer may apply.) -have equal affinity for epinephrine and norepinephrine

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s) . (More than one answer may apply.) -bind with acetylcholine released from all autonomic preganglionic fibres

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s) . (More than one answer may apply.) -found in all autonomic ganglia

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s) . (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -carry information to the central nervous system

Match the chemicals, labelled a. through d., with their characteristics. -causes explosive release of ACh

Match the chemicals, labelled a. through d., with their characteristics. -binds with ACH receptor sites

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s) . (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -terminate on effector organs

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s) . (More than one answer may apply.) -bind primarily with epinephrine

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s) . (More than one answer may apply.) -found on effector cell membranes

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s) . (More than one answer may apply.) -adrenergic receptors found primarily in the heart

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s) . (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -lie primarily within the peripheral nervous system

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s) . (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -lie entirely within the central nervous system

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s) . (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -alpha motor neurons

Match the type of neuron, labelled a. through d., with its description(s) . (Options may be used more than once or not at all.) -responsible for thoughts and other higher mental functions

Match the chemicals, labelled a. through d., with their characteristics. -inhibits acetylcholinesterase

Match the types of autonomic receptors, labelled a. through e., with their characteristic(s) . (More than one answer may apply.) -bind with acetylcholine released from parasympathetic postganglionic fibres