Question 1

Free association,as practiced by Freud,

Accepted Answer

Free association, as practiced by Freud, involved the patient talking without censorship about whatever came to their mind. Freud believed that this technique allowed the unconscious mind to reveal repressed memories and desires.

Question 2

According to Freud,children progress through stages of development in the following sequence:

Accepted Answer

Freud proposed that children progress through the stages of development in the sequence: oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital. None of the provided options correctly lists this sequence.

Question 3

Anna O.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 4

Sammy is a child.If her personality is developing normally,Freud would say that Sammy's punished behavior is being incorporated into her _______,and her rewarded behavior is being incorporated into her __________.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the conscience develops in response to punishment and helps individuals understand what is considered right and wrong. The ego ideal develops in response to rewarded behavior and represents the individual's idealized version of themselves. As Sammy is a child whose personality is developing, it is likely that her punished behavior is being incorporated into her conscience and her rewarded behavior is being incorporated into her ego ideal.

Question 5

According to Freud,a 5-year-old child who has developed normally is most likely in the __________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, the phallic stage occurs between ages three and six. During this stage, children become more aware of their genitals and may develop sexual feelings toward their opposite-sex parent, which is known as the Oedipus complex for boys and the Electra complex for girls. Therefore, a 5-year-old child who has developed normally is most likely in the phallic stage of development.

Question 6

According to Freud,instinctual urges that demand immediate gratification stem from the

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, the id is the unconscious and primitive part of the personality that is responsible for fulfilling basic needs and desires, and it operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification.

Question 7

According to Freud's ideas about the structure of personality,the __________ arises because the __________ is inadequate at serving and preserving the organism.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, the ego arises because the id (which operates on the pleasure principle) is inadequate at serving and preserving the organism. The ego operates on the reality principle, finding realistic ways to meet the needs of the id while still considering the constraints of the external world. The superego, on the other hand, develops from parental and societal values and serves as a source of judgment and morality.

Question 8

The ego

Accepted Answer

The ego is responsible for mediating between the demands of the id (which operates according to the pleasure principle and employs primary processes) and the constraints of the external world. It acts as the executive of the personality, helping individuals to make decisions and respond appropriately to stimuli in the environment.

Question 9

Sigmund Freud

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud did smoke cigars and unfortunately developed cancer of the jaw. He did move to England in his later years due to the growing anti-Semitism in Austria. He did have a daughter named Anna Freud who became a famous psychoanalyst in her own right, even working with her father in his later years.

Question 10

According to Freud,which personality structure utilizes the processes of learning,memory,judgment,and planning?

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that the ego is the part of the personality that uses cognitive processes such as learning, memory, judgment, and planning. The ego acts as the mediator between the impulses of the id and the moral standards of the superego, and it helps make decisions and manage behavior in a way that is appropriate for the situation at hand.

Question 11

Breuer and Freud worked together to create __________,which was published in 1895.

Accepted Answer

Breuer and Freud worked together on "Studies in Hysteria," which was published in 1895. "The Psychopathology of Everyday Life" was authored by Freud alone and published in 1901. "The Interpretation of Dreams" was also authored solely by Freud and published in 1899. "Civilization and Its Discontents" was written by Freud and published in 1930.

Question 12

According to Freud,which of the following is true of the Oedipus complex?

Accepted Answer

None of the options are true. The Oedipus complex is a psychosexual stage in which a child experiences sexual desire towards the parent of the opposite sex and jealousy and rivalry towards the parent of the same sex. It occurs in both male and female children and if not successfully resolved, can lead to psychological problems in adulthood. The resolution of the Oedipus complex does not give rise to the ego, but it is a crucial step in its development.

Question 13

What term did Freud coin to refer to the idea that everything we do has meaning and purpose?

Accepted Answer

Freud coined the term psychic determinism to refer to the idea that everything we do has meaning and purpose, and that our behavior and mental processes are determined by an interplay of conscious and unconscious psychological factors.

Question 14

What did Charcot observe while using hypnosis to treat women with hysteria?

Accepted Answer

Charcot observed both that their "hysterical" symptoms would sometimes recede and that they would sometimes recall traumatic experiences associated with the onset of their symptoms.

Question 15

What names did Freud give the two sets of instincts that serve as energy sources for humans?

Accepted Answer

Freud gave the names Eros and Thanatos to the two sets of instincts that serve as energy sources for humans. Eros represents the life instinct, which includes the drive for pleasure, survival, and reproduction. Thanatos represents the death instinct, which includes the drive for destruction, aggression, and death.

Question 16

According to Freud,the positive and constructive aspects of human behavior,such as sex,hunger,and the creative arts,are attributable to

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory, the positive and constructive aspects of human behavior, such as sex, hunger, and creative arts, are the result of the life instinct, also known as Eros. This instinct drives individuals to pursue pleasure and maintain life.

Question 17

The goal of therapy,according to Freudians,is to

Accepted Answer

According to Freudians, the goal of therapy is to make the unconscious conscious. Freud believed that our behaviors and thoughts are influenced by unconscious thoughts and memories that we are not aware of. By bringing these unconscious thoughts to conscious awareness, individuals can gain insight into their problems and make changes to improve their psychological well-being. The other options (A, B, and D) are not consistent with the Freudian approach to therapy.

Question 18

__________ influenced Freud by demonstrating the curative power of hypnosis.

Accepted Answer

Charcot, a French neurologist, influenced Freud by demonstrating the therapeutic potential of hypnosis in treating patients with hysteria. Freud initially studied with Charcot and later developed his own theories of psychoanalysis, which also utilized hypnosis as a therapeutic tool.

Question 19

According to Freud,a 6-month-old child who has developed normally is most likely to focus on what part of his or her body for gratification?

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of psychosexual development, the oral stage (birth to 1 year) is focused on the mouth as the primary erogenous zone. Infants at this stage derive pleasure from sucking and biting, and their primary source of nutrition is provided through the mouth (breastfeeding or bottle-feeding).

Question 20

Why did Sigmund Freud pursue a private practice?

Accepted Answer

Sigmund Freud faced significant anti-Semitism in the research and academic fields, which likely contributed to his decision to pursue a private practice instead.

Quiz 12: Psychotherapy: The Psychodynamic Perspective