Question 1

Your 5-year-old cousin Julio is in the backseat of the car on the way to go camping with her family. A very normal question for her to ask is: ________________ say?

Accepted Answer

"Are we there yet?" is a very common question from young children on road trips, as they are often excited and eager to reach their destination.

Question 2

According to Piaget, a hallmark of the ____________ stage is the emerging ability of the child to use language to make sense of the world.

Accepted Answer

Piaget believed that during the preoperational stage (ages 2-7), children become increasingly skilled in using symbols, such as language and mental images, to represent objects and events in their environment. This allows them to think about things that are not immediately present and to reason in more abstract ways.

Question 3

Rico ties his shoes, writes numbers, and is able to print his first name. His fine-motor skills are normative for a _____-year-old child.

Accepted Answer

By the age of 5, children typically have developed fine motor skills that allow them to tie their shoes, write numbers, and print their first name.

Question 4

In early childhood, skeletal growth stunting undermines the health development of bones and is also associated with cognitive delays that ________________________.

Accepted Answer

Skeletal growth stunting in early childhood can lead to cognitive delays that undermine educational achievement, as these delays can affect learning and academic performance.

Question 5

Jacob skips, climbs ladders, and is able to change direction very quickly while running. His gross-motor skills are normative for a _______-year-old child.

Accepted Answer

According to typical gross-motor development, most 4-year-old children are able to skip, climb ladders, and change directions quickly while running. Therefore, Jacob's skills are normative for a 4-year-old child.

Question 6

The skeletal development of children whose diets are deficient in key nutrients are at risk for conditions such as ________________________.

Accepted Answer

Chronic growth retardation is a condition that can result from a deficiency in key nutrients, affecting the skeletal development of children.

Question 7

According to your text, from 2010 to 2020 the goal of international nutrition efforts is to decrease the percentage of preschool children at-risk for growth-stunting from 1 in every 4 to _____.

Accepted Answer

The text states that the goal is to decrease the percentage of preschool children at-risk for growth-stunting from 1 in every 4 to 1 in 5 by 2020. Therefore, the best choice is A, which corresponds to 1 in 5.

Question 8

Henry is able to draw lines and successfully fit differently shaped puzzle pieces into their corresponding slots in a shape-sorter. His fine-motor skills are normative for a ___ -year-old.

Accepted Answer

The ability to draw lines and fit puzzle pieces into slots is indicative of the fine motor skills development typical of a 2-year-old child.

Question 9

This marker of of preoperational development is associated with an explosion of a child wanting to children want to know how and why.

Accepted Answer

Intuitive thought, a stage in Piaget's theory of cognitive development occurring in the preoperational stage (ages 2-7), is marked by children starting to ask numerous questions about their environment and wanting to understand how and why things happen, indicating their curiosity and developing cognitive abilities.

Question 10

The law of conservation, according to Piaget, develops during the ___________stage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The law of conservation, according to Piaget,...

Question 11

Lucy builds large towers with wood blocks, stands on one foot, and loves to jump off objects. Her fine-motor and gross-motor skills are normative for a ___-year-old.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lucy builds large towers with wood blocks,...

Question 12

Piaget's law of conservation describes the developmental accomplishment of being able to understand that changing the form or appearance of a substance does not change its _____________.

Accepted Answer

Piaget's law of conservation refers to the understanding that even though the physical appearance of substances can change, their quantity remains the same. This means that if a child is presented with two glasses of water, one tall and thin and the other short and wide, they should recognize that the amount of water is the same in both glasses. Therefore, the correct answer is D, amount. Color, smell and texture may change if the form of a substance is altered, but the amount remains constant.

Question 13

For healthy bone growth, the World Health Organization emphasizes the importance of

Accepted Answer

The World Health Organization emphasizes the importance of adequate calcium intake, exposure to sunshine, and consumption of a variety of fruits and vegetables for healthy bone growth. Calcium is essential for bone health, and exposure to sunshine helps the body produce vitamin D, which is also important for bone health. Fruits and vegetables provide other essential nutrients that support bone health. Option A and Option C mention reduced exposure to sunshine or inadequate fiber intake, which are not emphasized by the World Health Organization for healthy bone growth. Option D mentions adequate potassium intake, which is important for overall health but not specifically emphasized for healthy bone growth by the World Health Organization.

Question 14

By the end of Piaget's _____________ babies have developed object permanence.

Accepted Answer

Object permanence is the understanding that objects still exist even when they cannot be seen or touched. This milestone typically develops during Piaget's sensorimotor stage, which spans from birth to around 2 years old.

Question 15

Millie was nutritionally deprived during early childhood, resulting in skeletal growth stunting. After she was adopted she ate a diet rich in vitamins and minerals and engaged in regular, age-appropriate exercise. As an adult she may be at increased risk for ____________________.

Accepted Answer

Early nutritional deprivation can lead to skeletal growth stunting, which may not be fully reversible and can result in a smaller pelvis in females, potentially leading to difficulties during childbirth.

Question 16

A child's cognitive abilities:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive abilities gradually emerge, gain significance as a child grows, and then typically decline in later years due to aging processes.

Question 17

As preoperational development unfolds, __________ allows the child to, use language as a new way of thinking about the world.

Accepted Answer

The symbolic function allows the child to use symbols, such as language, to represent objects and experiences in their mind, paving the way for more complex thought processes.

Question 18

When a developmental scientist presents two identical glasses with liquid at the same level, the child study participant agrees that both contain the same amount of liquid. Next, when the liquid is poured from one of the short, wide glasses into a tall thin glass, the concrete operational child concludes that

Accepted Answer

Concrete operational children have developed the ability to understand conservation, meaning that they understand that certain physical characteristics of an object (such as its shape) can remain the same even if its appearance changes. In this case, the child should recognize that the amount of liquid in the shorter, wider glass has not changed even though it looks like less in the taller, thinner glass. Therefore, the child would conclude that both glasses have the same amount of liquid.

Question 19

When a developmentalist asks a preoperational child to decide whether two sticks of equal length are still equal after you move one stick, the most likely response is:

Accepted Answer

During the preoperational stage, children often struggle with understanding the concept of conservation—the idea that quantity does not change despite changes in the shape or arrangement of objects. Thus, when one stick is moved, they may perceive it as longer or shorter, even though its length has not changed.

Question 20

Signaling a serious health concern, it is estimated that _______ million preschool children met clinical criteria for growth stunting in 2010.

Accepted Answer

In 2010, it was estimated that 171 million preschool children globally met clinical criteria for growth stunting, indicating a significant public health concern related to malnutrition and inadequate child development.

Quiz 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood:two to Six Years