Question 1

Match each name with the appropriate concept or theory.
-Mary Ainsworth

Accepted Answer

Mary Ainsworth is best known for developing the strange situation test, which assesses attachment patterns between infants and their caregivers.

Answer: E
 Contact comfort was a concept introduced by Harry Harlow in his experiments with rhesus monkeys, but Mary Ainsworth later applied it to the development of attachment in human infants.

Note: None of the choices directly relate to moral development or object permanence, which are concepts typically associated with the work of Lawrence Kohlberg and Jean Piaget, respectively.

Question 2

Match the descriptions of language development with the age at which they occur.
-They begin to speak in two- and three-word phrases (telegraphic speech).

Accepted Answer

Children begin to speak in two- and three-word phrases (telegraphic speech) at approximately 18 to 24 months of age.

Question 3

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-learned aspects that determine whether one is male or female

Accepted Answer

Gender refers to the learned aspects, roles, behaviors, and expectations that society considers appropriate for men and women, distinguishing it from biological sex.

Question 4

Match the accomplishments with the stage in which they occur.
-object permanence

Accepted Answer

Object permanence is the ability to understand that objects continue to exist even if they can't be seen. This developmental milestone typically occurs during the sensorimotor stage, which lasts from birth to 2 years of age. During this stage, infants learn about the world through their senses and motor activities.

Question 5

Match the accomplishments with the stage in which they occur.
-abstract reasoning

Accepted Answer

Abstract reasoning occurs during the formal operations stage, which occurs during adolescence and beyond. At this stage, individuals become capable of abstract and hypothetical thinking, as well as deductive reasoning.

Question 6

Match the descriptions of language development with the age at which they occur.
-They rapidly acquire new words in the context in which they hear them.

Accepted Answer

During the ages of 2 to 6 years, children experience a vocabulary explosion, rapidly acquiring new words and expanding their language skills significantly.

Question 7

Match the descriptions of language development with the age at which they occur.
-Their familiarity with the sound structure of their native language increases; they can eventually recognize the same word when it is spoken by different people.

Accepted Answer

Between 6 months to 1 year, infants' familiarity with the sound structure of their native language increases, and they can recognize the same word spoken by different people.

Question 8

Match the accomplishments with the stage in which they occur.
-understanding of conservation

Accepted Answer

The understanding of conservation, which involves the realization that a change in appearance does not necessarily mean a change in quantity, typically emerges during the concrete operations stage (around age 7). In the preoperational stage (ages 2-7), children may struggle with conservation tasks due to their egocentric thinking and inability to mentally manipulate information. In the formal operations stage (around age 11), individuals may be able to think abstractly and hypothetically, but this stage does not directly relate to the understanding of conservation. The sensorimotor stage (ages 0-2) is characterized by sensory and motor exploration and does not involve conservation tasks.

Question 9

Match the descriptions of language development with the age at which they occur.
-They start to name things based on familiar concepts and use symbolic gestures to communicate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the descriptions of language development with...

Question 10

Match the accomplishments with the stage in which they occur.
-accelerated use of symbols and language

Accepted Answer

The preoperational stage, which occurs between ages 2 and 7, is characterized by a rapid acceleration of language development and the use of symbols. Children at this stage begin to use words and symbols to represent objects and ideas, but their thinking is still egocentric and lacks logical reasoning.

Question 11

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-a mental network of knowledge, beliefs, metaphors, and expectations about what it means to be male or female

Accepted Answer

Gender schema refers to the mental network of knowledge, beliefs, metaphors, and expectations about what it means to be male or female.

Answer: B
 Gender identity refers to a person's subjective sense of being male or female.

Answer: A
 Gender refers to the socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a given society considers appropriate for men and women.

Answer: D
 Sex refers to the biological distinctions between males and females.

Answer: E
 Gender typing refers to the process by which children learn the gender roles that are associated with their own sex.

Question 12

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-the process by which children learn the abilities, interests, and behaviours associated with being masculine or feminine in their culture

Accepted Answer

Gender typing refers to the process by which children learn the abilities, interests, and behaviors associated with being masculine or feminine in their culture.

Answer: B
 Gender identity refers to the individual's perception of their own gender, including their sense of being male, female, or something else.

Answer: C
 Gender schema refers to a cognitive framework that organizes an individual's understanding of gender and gender-related behaviors.

Answer: D
 Sex refers to the biological and physiological characteristics that define males and females, such as reproductive organs and chromosomes.

Answer: A
 Gender refers to the social and cultural meanings that are attached to being male or female in a particular society or group.

Question 13

Match the descriptions of language development with the age at which they occur.
-They begin to recognize key vowel and consonant sounds of their native language.

Accepted Answer

Infants start recognizing key vowel and consonant sounds of their native language around 4 to 6 months of age.

Answer: A
 Infants between 6 months to 1 year start babbling and imitating sounds they hear, which is an important developmental milestone in language acquisition.

Answer: D
 At the end of the first year, infants begin to say their first words and understand simple commands, showing a clear understanding of language.

Answer: B
 Toddlers between 18 to 24 months start using two-word phrases and beginning to form simple sentences, demonstrating further language development.

Answer: E
 From 2 to 6 years old, children continue to build their vocabulary, make more complex sentences and master grammar and syntax, developing a more sophisticated understanding of language.

Question 14

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-A method of child rearing in which the parent appeals to the child's own abilities, sense of responsibility, and feelings for others in correcting the child's misbehaviour.

Accepted Answer

Induction is the method of child rearing described in which the parent appeals to the child's own abilities, sense of responsibility, and feelings for others in correcting the child's misbehaviour.

Answer: B
 Power assertion is not described by any of the given definitions.

Answer: C
 Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight.

Answer: D
 Contact comfort is the pleasure derived from physical touch.

Answer: E
 Conservation is the understanding that certain quantitative properties of objects, such as volume, mass, and number, remain the same despite changes in appearance.

Question 15

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-The innate pleasure derived from close physical contact.

Accepted Answer

Contact comfort refers to the innate pleasure derived from close physical contact, originally studied in Harlow's experiments with monkeys.

Answer: B 
 Power assertion is a parenting style characterized by the use of punishment and control to enforce discipline.

Answer: C 
 Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are no longer visible or present.

Answer: A 
 Induction is a parenting strategy that involves explaining the consequences of behavior to encourage children to behave in a certain way.

Answer: E 
 Conservation refers to the understanding that certain properties of an object (such as mass or volume) remain constant even when the object's appearance changes.

Question 16

Match each name with the appropriate concept or theory.
-Laurence Kohlberg

Accepted Answer

Laurence Kohlberg is best known for his theory of moral development.

Answer: B
 Object permanence is a concept in Piaget's cognitive development theory, not Kohlberg's.

Answer: C
 The strange situation test is a measure of attachment in infants, developed by Mary Ainsworth, not Kohlberg.

Answer: A
 Private speech is a concept in Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, not Kohlberg's.

Answer: E
 Contact comfort is a concept in Harlow's monkey experiments, not Kohlberg's.

Question 17

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-The understanding that the physical properties of objects can remain the same even when their form or appearance changes.

Accepted Answer

Conservation refers to the understanding that physical properties, such as quantity or volume, remain the same even when an object undergoes a change in appearance or form.

Answer: C
 Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched.

Answer: A
 Induction refers to the process of reasoning from specific observations to general principles or theories.

Answer: B
 Power assertion refers to a parenting style in which parents use physical punishment or threats to control their child's behavior.

Answer: D
 Contact comfort refers to the importance of physical touch and close contact in promoting emotional and social development, particularly in infants and young children.

Question 18

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-The understanding that an object continues to exist even when you cannot see it or touch it.

Accepted Answer

Object permanence refers to the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they are out of sight or out of reach.

Answer: D
 Contact comfort refers to the preference for physical contact with a caregiver or comforting object, which contributes to healthy emotional development in infants.

Answer: E
 Conservation refers to the understanding that certain properties of an object remain the same despite changes in appearance or arrangement.

Answer: A
 Induction refers to the ability to draw conclusions based on observations or evidence, a skill that develops gradually over time.

Answer: B
 Power assertion is a disciplinary technique that involves the use of physical punishment or threats to control a child's behavior, but it is not related to the other concepts listed.

Question 19

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-A method of child rearing in which the parent uses punishment and authority to correct the child's misbehaviour.

Accepted Answer

Power assertion is a method of child rearing in which the parent uses punishment and authority to correct the child's misbehaviour.

Answer: A
 Induction is a method of child rearing in which the parent appeals to the child's own resources, abilities, sympathies, and sense of responsibility to correct the child's misbehaviour.

Answer: C
 Object permanence is the understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched.

Answer: D
 Contact comfort is the satisfaction or sense of security derived from physical touch.

Answer: E
 Conservation is the understanding that certain properties of an object, such as its mass, volume, or number, remain the same even when its appearance, shape, or arrangement is altered.

Question 20

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms.
-the fundamental sense of being male or female

Accepted Answer

Gender identity refers to the fundamental sense of being male or female.

Quiz 13: Development Over the Life Span

Match each name with the appropriate concept or theory. -Mary Ainsworth

Match the descriptions of language development with the age at which they occur. -They begin to speak in two- and three-word phrases (telegraphic speech) .

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -learned aspects that determine whether one is male or female

Match the accomplishments with the stage in which they occur. -object permanence

Match the accomplishments with the stage in which they occur. -abstract reasoning

Match the descriptions of language development with the age at which they occur. -They rapidly acquire new words in the context in which they hear them.

Match the descriptions of language development with the age at which they occur. -Their familiarity with the sound structure of their native language increases; they can eventually recognize the same word when it is spoken by different people.

Match the accomplishments with the stage in which they occur. -understanding of conservation

Match the descriptions of language development with the age at which they occur. -They start to name things based on familiar concepts and use symbolic gestures to communicate.

Match the accomplishments with the stage in which they occur. -accelerated use of symbols and language

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -a mental network of knowledge, beliefs, metaphors, and expectations about what it means to be male or female

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -the process by which children learn the abilities, interests, and behaviours associated with being masculine or feminine in their culture

Match the descriptions of language development with the age at which they occur. -They begin to recognize key vowel and consonant sounds of their native language.

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -A method of child rearing in which the parent appeals to the child's own abilities, sense of responsibility, and feelings for others in correcting the child's misbehaviour.

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -The innate pleasure derived from close physical contact.

Match each name with the appropriate concept or theory. -Laurence Kohlberg

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -The understanding that the physical properties of objects can remain the same even when their form or appearance changes.

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -The understanding that an object continues to exist even when you cannot see it or touch it.

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -A method of child rearing in which the parent uses punishment and authority to correct the child's misbehaviour.

Match the definitions with the appropriate terms. -the fundamental sense of being male or female