Question 1

A company's accounting clerk realizes that an error has been made-the period's income is overstated. The clerk will soon be leaving for another job and knows that the error will not be found for several months after she has gone. To avoid having to work longer to fix the error,she decides she won't say anything. Which of the following factors affected the intensity of the clerk's decision?

Accepted Answer

The clerk is prioritizing the immediate consequences (not having to work longer) over the long-term consequences (the error not being fixed for several months after she is gone). This is an example of temporal immediacy influencing the intensity of the decision.

Question 2

What are the three levels of moral development identified by Kohlberg?

Accepted Answer

According to Kohlberg, the three levels of moral development are preconventional (focused on self-interest and avoiding punishment), conventional (focused on meeting societal expectations and following laws), and postconventional (focused on universal principles and individual rights). Thus, option B, preconventional, conventional, and postconventional, is the correct answer. Options A, C, and D are incorrect.

Question 3

A disgruntled employee who feels he is being underpaid purposely works slowly when his supervisor is not present and often arrives late for work and leaves early. What kind of behaviour is this employee engaged in?

Accepted Answer

The employee is engaging in production deviance, which refers to intentional behavior that reduces the quantity or quality of work output. In this case, the employee is purposely working slowly and not putting in full effort, which ultimately leads to reduced productivity.

Question 4

Every day before he leaves work,Doug takes a headset,stapler,or other company item and puts it in his lunch box to bring home. Doug sees nothing wrong with his behaviour since he feels inadequately paid. What level of moral development is Doug operating at?

Accepted Answer

Doug is operating at a preconventional level of moral development because he is focused on avoiding punishment and obtaining personal rewards, rather than following ethical principles or considering the long-term consequences of his actions. He justifies his behavior by feeling inadequately paid, indicating that his moral reasoning is based on self-interest rather than respect for others or duty to the organization.

Question 5

Shell Oil Company's plan to sink Brent Spar,an abandoned offshore oil-storage buoy,had a massive effect on employee motivation and recruitment. The number of qualified people applying for jobs at Shell plummeted,and many employees looked for positions in other companies. The plan caused much greater harm than Shell's managers had ever imagined it would. Which of the following was much greater than predicted?

Accepted Answer

The magnitude of consequences was much greater than predicted, as the plan had a massive effect on employee motivation and recruitment, leading to a significant decrease in qualified applicants and employees leaving for other companies.

Question 6

Why did a group of Canadian companies release an International Code of Ethics in 1997?

Accepted Answer

The International Code of Ethics was released to provide a general guideline for acceptable standards of conduct when doing business not only in Canada but also in other countries. It aimed to promote ethical behavior in business dealings, regardless of the location or nationality of the company involved. The code was not specifically designed to address lobbying, investment, or fraud.

Question 7

When addressing certain issues,managers who are more aware of the large impact their decisions will have on others are more likely to worry about doing the right thing. Which type of issue does this situation best describe?

Accepted Answer

Ethical intensity refers to the degree of moral importance attached to an issue, and managers who are aware of the large impact their decisions will have on others are likely to perceive the issue as having high ethical intensity. They may feel a sense of moral obligation to do the right thing, which can create a sense of worry or concern. This is different from social consensus, which refers to the degree of agreement among stakeholders about what is right or wrong, and from temporal immediacy and proximity of effect, which refer to the time frame and physical distance between an action and its consequences.

Question 8

A dissatisfied employee purposely puts less oil in a machine used in manufacturing products to increase the risk of the machine failing. Which activity is this employee engaged in?

Accepted Answer

This behavior is classified as property deviance because it involves intentionally damaging or misusing the organization's property (in this case, the machine) to harm the company or its operations.

Question 9

According to Sharon Allen,Chairman of Deloitte LLP,what kinds of leaders do people want to work for?

Accepted Answer

According to Sharon Allen, people want to work for leaders they can trust.

Question 10

What is ethics as it relates to workplace behaviour?

Accepted Answer

Ethics in workplace behaviour refers to the guiding principles or values that dictate what is right or wrong in decision-making and behaviour. These principles often include honesty, fairness, responsibility, and respect for others. It is important for employees to have a strong ethical framework that aligns with their organization's values to ensure ethical behaviour and decision-making in the workplace.

Question 11

Which term is used to describe the degree of concern people have about activities that question moral standards?

Accepted Answer

Ethical intensity refers to the degree of concern people have about activities that threaten moral standards. It includes factors such as the magnitude of consequences, social consensus, and temporal immediacy.

Question 12

Why would the intentional tampering of a car's brake line have greater ethical intensity than driving 10 km/h over the speed limit?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why would the intentional tampering of a...

Question 13

What issues are covered by the International Code of Ethics for Canadian business principals?

Accepted Answer

The International Code of Ethics for Canadian business principals covers community participation, environmental protection, human rights, business conduct, and employee rights. While minimum wage and overseas outsourcing are important issues, they are not explicitly mentioned in the code. Similarly, while equality in pay and child labour are important issues, they are not specifically mentioned in the code. Therefore, option C is the closest match to the issues covered by the International Code of Ethics for Canadian business principals.

Question 14

A female employee was passed over for a promotion that was awarded to a new and younger male employee. Disgruntled,the older female employee gives the younger employee who got the job false information,thereby making his work more difficult. What behaviour is the older female employee engaged in?

Accepted Answer

The older female employee is engaging in political deviance, which refers to behaviors aimed at damaging the organization and/or other employees, but not necessarily for personal gain. By giving false information to the younger employee, she is trying to create a negative perception of him and make his work more difficult, likely to undermine his success in the organization.

Question 15

A plant worker is unhappy with his performance review. He considers purposely spilling a hazardous chemical to cause an evacuation of the plant. He decides against this,however. A spill could put many of his fellow workers at risk of injury from inhaling the chemical's fumes or evacuating. Which of the following influenced this worker's ethical decision making?

Accepted Answer

The worker considered the magnitude of consequences in his decision making, as he recognized that spilling a hazardous chemical would put his fellow workers at risk of injury.

Question 16

On which of the following does ethical intensity partly depend?

Accepted Answer

Ethical intensity partly depends on temporal immediacy, which refers to the time between an action and its consequences.

Question 17

Which of the following is strong when a decision has large,certain,immediate consequences,and when we are physically or psychologically close to those affected by it?

Accepted Answer

Ethical intensity refers to the degree of ethical importance or significance attached to an issue or decision. When a decision has large, certain, immediate consequences and we are physically or psychologically close to those affected by it, the ethical intensity is high. Therefore, D is the correct choice.

Question 18

A new employee is encouraged to cooperate in a scheme to cheat on worker time cards. The employee refuses to cooperate,and two colleagues verbally threaten him with physical harm if he does not comply. In what behaviour are the employees who threatened their colleague engaged?

Accepted Answer

The employees who threatened their colleague are engaged in personal aggression, which involves hostile verbal or physical actions directed toward other employees. Threatening physical harm falls under this category.

Question 19

Which of the following factors contributes to ethical intensity?

Accepted Answer

Temporal immediacy refers to the time frame within which the consequences of an action will be felt. The closer the consequences are in time, the more intense the ethical dilemma.

Question 20

An employee who feels he is being underpaid steals company merchandise to sell for his own profit. What act is this employee engaged in?

Accepted Answer

The answer of An employee who feels he is being...

Quiz 3: Ethics and Social Responsibility