Question 1

Industrial organizations pursuing genomics,robotics,and nanotechnology for profit are examples of ______.
A)technocracy
B)industrialized science
C)megamachines
D)robo-social problems

Accepted Answer

Industrialized science refers to the application of scientific knowledge and methods for industrial purposes, such as the pursuit of genomics, robotics, and nanotechnology for profit. Technocracy is a form of government where experts in a particular field have control over decision-making, which is not applicable in this context. Megamachines refer to large machines used for industrial purposes and do not directly relate to the pursuit of genomics, robotics, and nanotechnology. Robo-social problems are the ethical and social issues associated with the use of robots, which may arise as a result of the pursuit of robotics but do not encompass the pursuit of genomics and nanotechnology.

Question 2

Ninety percent of transgenic crops are grown in ______.
A)Canada and China
B)Brazil and Mexico
C)France and Germany
D)the United States and Argentina

Accepted Answer

The United States and Argentina are the two largest producers of transgenic crops, accounting for approximately 90% of global production. Canada and China are also significant producers, but not as much as the United States and Argentina. Brazil and Mexico do produce transgenic crops, but not at the same level as the other countries mentioned. France and Germany have very limited cultivation of transgenic crops.

Question 3

Approximately 62% of the scientists and engineers worldwide live in ______.
A)California
B)Chile
C)sub-Saharan Africa
D)industrialized nations

Accepted Answer

The term "scientists and engineers" typically refers to those who work in research and development fields, which are most commonly found in industrialized nations. Therefore, it is most likely that approximately 62% of scientists and engineers worldwide live in industrialized nations. The other options, California and Chile, are specific regions rather than worldwide populations, and sub-Saharan Africa is known to have lower levels of investment in research and development compared to other regions.

Question 4

Hackers are most likely to live in all of the following states EXCEPT ______.
A)Texas
B)California
C)Illinois
D)New York

Accepted Answer

Illinois is less renowned for its concentration of hackers compared to Texas, California, and New York, which are known for their significant tech industries and cybersecurity activities.

Question 5

About ______ in 10 global Internet users have been touched by a cybercrime such as identity theft,a computer virus,or online fraud.
A)1
B)3
C)6
D)9

Accepted Answer

According to a study by Norton Cyber Security Insights Report, about 6 in 10 global Internet users have experienced some sort of cybercrime like identity theft, computer virus, or online fraud.

Question 6

There are about ______ scientists and engineers worldwide.
A)100,000
B)900,000
C)2 million
D)7 million

Accepted Answer

According to UNESCO, as of 2018, there were approximately 7 million scientists and engineers globally.

Question 7

A megamachine is dominated by ______ rather than ______ needs.
A)social;technological
B)human;technological
C)technological;human
D)human;social

Accepted Answer

A megamachine is a term coined by Lewis Mumford to describe a society that is organized around a centralized, hierarchical structure of power and control, which is often driven by technology. In a megamachine, the needs of technology typically take precedence over human needs, leading to the exploitation and alienation of workers and the depletion of natural resources. Therefore, the correct answer is C - technological needs dominate over human needs in a megamachine.

Question 8

A ______ is a new social order composed of humans and technology that is dominated by technological needs.
A)transformer
B)technosocial object
C)robotic society
D)megamachine

Accepted Answer

The definition best fits the concept of a "megamachine," which refers to a new social order where humans and technology merge together and technology dominates the human needs.

Question 9

Corn that has genes artificially inserted to increase disease resistance is an example of a ______.
A)transgenic crop
B)greenwashed food
C)genetic nutrition component
D)technocratic organism

Accepted Answer

Corn that has had genes artificially inserted to increase its disease resistance is an example of a transgenic crop. Transgenic crops are genetically modified crops created by inserting genes from one species into another species to confer desired traits, such as resistance to pests or herbicides.

Question 10

______ is software intended to disrupt computer operations.
A)Hacking
B)Cybertechnology
C)Malware
D)Cyberspyware

Accepted Answer

Malware (short for malicious software) is specifically designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to a computer system. It is a broad category that includes viruses, trojan horses, ransomware, and other harmful software. Hacking refers to the act of gaining unauthorized access to a computer system or network, while cybertechnology and cyberspyware are not specifically intended to cause harm, but rather refer to technology used for online activities and espionage, respectively.

Question 11

A ______ uses technology to solve a problem that is nontechnical and ignores the social components of the problem.
A)technocratic method
B)scientific method
C)technological fix
D)advanced solution

Accepted Answer

A technological fix refers to the use of technology to solve a problem that is nontechnical in nature, without taking into account the social and political aspects of the problem. This approach assumes that technology can provide a simple and straightforward solution to a complex problem, without considering the potential unintended consequences or the underlying root causes of the problem. This approach is often criticized for being reductionist and simplistic, and for ignoring the broader societal issues that are often intertwined with technological problems.

Question 12

The "WANK" worm,which declared "Worms Against Nuclear Killers" when it infected computers at NASA,is an example of ______.
A)red-hat hacking
B)cybertechnology
C)malware
D)cyberspyware

Accepted Answer

The WANK worm is an example of malware, as it is a software that is designed to harm computers and networks.

Note: Red-hat hacking is not a commonly used term in the field of cybersecurity, but it is sometimes used to refer to ethical hacking or white-hat hacking. Cybertechnology and cyberspyware are not relevant to this scenario.

Question 13

Herbicide-tolerant soybean and insect-resistant cotton are examples of ______.
A)transgenic crops
B)greenwashed foods
C)genetic nutrition components
D)technocratic organisms

Accepted Answer

Herbicide-tolerant soybean and insect-resistant cotton are crops that have been genetically modified by introducing a foreign gene. The introduction of a foreign gene makes them transgenic crops.

Question 14

A ______ hacks to help identify people involved in cybercrime.
A)white-hat hacker
B)black-hat hacker
C)hacktivist
D)sociohacker

Accepted Answer

White-hat hackers are ethical hackers who use their skills to identify vulnerabilities in systems and software in order to help improve security. They can also assist law enforcement agencies in identifying perpetrators of cybercrime.

Question 15

A ______ steals or manipulates data to make a political or social statement.
A)white-hat hacker
B)black-hat hacker
C)hacktivist
D)sociohacker

Accepted Answer

A hacktivist is a hacker who steals or manipulates data to make a political or social statement. They use their technical expertise to raise awareness about particular issues, often through targeted attacks on government or corporate websites. White-hat hackers are ethical hackers who use their skills to improve security systems, while black-hat hackers are malicious hackers who use their skills to cause harm. There is no such thing as a sociohacker.

Question 16

A(n)______ includes material artifacts,human skills,and social practices defined by social norms within an organizational pattern to obtain or address a goal or objective.
A)cyber society
B)Internet world
C)technological paradigm
D)sociotechnical system

Accepted Answer

The description in the question defines a sociotechnical system, which refers to the interdependent relationship between technology and social systems. A sociotechnical system includes technological components, such as artifacts and skills, as well as social components, such as social norms and organizational patterns, all working together to achieve a specific goal or objective. The other options in the question (cyber society, internet world, technological paradigm) do not accurately capture the full scope of a sociotechnical system.

Question 17

More than 75% of hacking worldwide is done by ______.
A)women between the ages of 18 and 30
B)men between the ages of 18 and 30
C)men between the ages of 31 and 48
D)women between the ages of 31 and 48

Accepted Answer

According to various reports and studies, men between the ages of 18 and 30 account for a significant majority of hacking worldwide. Therefore, option B is the best choice.

Question 18

______ have had genes artificially inserted (rather than acquired through pollination)in order to increase yields,raise pest or disease resistance,or improve tolerance of heat,cold,or drought.
A)Transgenic crops
B)Greenwashed foods
C)Genetic nutrition components
D)Technocratic organisms

Accepted Answer

The term "transgenic" refers to the artificial insertion of genes into an organism's DNA through genetic engineering. This is commonly done in crops in order to improve their characteristics and yield, as listed in the question. "Greenwashed foods," "genetic nutrition components," and "technocratic organisms" are not accurate descriptions of genetically modified crops.

Question 19

A ______ aims to break into company computers to steal data or vandalize a computer network or website.
A)white-hat hacker
B)black-hat hacker
C)hacktivist
D)sociohacker

Accepted Answer

A black-hat hacker is a computer criminal who aims to harm a company or individual by breaking into computer systems or networks to steal data, damage hardware or software, or disrupt operations.

Question 20

A ______ view of progress sees technology as a means to fix social problems.
A)technosocial
B)megacratic
C)megasocial
D)technocratic

Accepted Answer

A technocratic view of progress sees technology as the solution to social problems, with an emphasis on efficiency and rationality in decision-making. This perspective prioritizes the role of experts and scientific knowledge in shaping societal progress.

Quiz 15: Science and Technology

Industrial organizations pursuing genomics,robotics,and nanotechnology for profit are examples of ______.

Ninety percent of transgenic crops are grown in ______.

Approximately 62% of the scientists and engineers worldwide live in ______.

Hackers are most likely to live in all of the following states EXCEPT ______.

About ______ in 10 global Internet users have been touched by a cybercrime such as identity theft,a computer virus,or online fraud.

There are about ______ scientists and engineers worldwide.

A megamachine is dominated by rather than needs.

A ______ is a new social order composed of humans and technology that is dominated by technological needs.

Corn that has genes artificially inserted to increase disease resistance is an example of a ______.

______ is software intended to disrupt computer operations.

A ______ uses technology to solve a problem that is nontechnical and ignores the social components of the problem.

The "WANK" worm,which declared "Worms Against Nuclear Killers" when it infected computers at NASA,is an example of ______.

Herbicide-tolerant soybean and insect-resistant cotton are examples of ______.

A ______ hacks to help identify people involved in cybercrime.

A ______ steals or manipulates data to make a political or social statement.

A(n) ______ includes material artifacts,human skills,and social practices defined by social norms within an organizational pattern to obtain or address a goal or objective.

More than 75% of hacking worldwide is done by ______.

______ have had genes artificially inserted (rather than acquired through pollination) in order to increase yields,raise pest or disease resistance,or improve tolerance of heat,cold,or drought.

A ______ aims to break into company computers to steal data or vandalize a computer network or website.

A ______ view of progress sees technology as a means to fix social problems.