Question 1

This layer runs deep to the peritoneum on the anterior surface of the kidneys.

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Question 2

Water accounts for which percentage of the total volume of urine?

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Question 3

This transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.

Accepted Answer

The ureters are two muscular tubes that transport urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. The urethra is the tube leading from the bladder to the outside of the body for elimination of urine. The descending loop of Henle is a part of the nephron in the kidney involved in water reabsorption, and the renal hilus is the indented area of the kidney where the renal artery, vein, and ureter enter and exit. Therefore, the best choice is B - Ureter.

Question 4

What two structures comprise the renal corpuscle?

Accepted Answer

The renal corpuscle consists of two structures, the glomerulus (A) and Bowman's capsule (B).

Question 5

What is line "C" pointing to?

Accepted Answer

Line "C" is pointing to the efferent arteriole, which is the vessel that carries blood away from the glomerulus and towards the peritubular capillaries.

Question 6

This layer's main function is to protect the kidney from trauma and hold it in place within the abdominal cavity.

Accepted Answer

The layer B is the renal capsule, which is a fibrous membrane that forms a tough outer covering over the kidney, providing protection from trauma and holding it in place within the abdominal cavity.

Question 7

Urine formed by the nephrons first drains into these.

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Question 8

This lies in the anterior corner of the trigone of the bladder.

Accepted Answer

The internal urethral orifice is located in the anterior corner of the trigone of the bladder. The urethral sphincter (A) is located at the base of the bladder, while the adventitia bundle (B) and muscularis bundle (E) are not specific structures found in this area. The ureter (C) exits the kidney and connects to the bladder at the ureterovesical junction, which is not located in the trigone of the bladder.

Question 9

Where is the corticomedullary junction?

Accepted Answer

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Question 10

Where is the distal convoluted tubule?

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Question 11

This can be divided into the cortical zone and the juxtamedullary zone.

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Question 12

Where is the arcuate vein?

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Question 13

This structure is the apex of a renal pyramid.

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Question 14

Where is the papillary duct?

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Question 15

This layer of the ureter is composed of connective tissue,collagen and elastic fibers.

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Question 16

What does line "M" point to?

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

This is a test to measure kidney function.

Accepted Answer

Plasma creatinine is a commonly used test to assess kidney function. Creatinine is a waste product produced by muscles and is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys. An elevated plasma creatinine level indicates decreased kidney function, as the kidneys are not able to clear it from the blood as efficiently.

Question 18

This is composed of dense irregular tissue that runs continuous with the ureter.

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Question 19

Where is the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

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Question 20

Each kidney can have anywhere from 8 to 18 of these.

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Quiz 25: The Urinary System