Question 1

_____ is best described as an irrational, excessive fear that interferes with one's functioning.

Accepted Answer

A phobia is an excessive and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity that leads to avoidance and interferes with daily life. Anxiety refers to a general feeling of fear or apprehension about future events or situations, while despair and depression both refer to feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and negativity.

Question 2

According to the five levels of perspective-taking skills in childhood as described by Robert Selman, children in _________are more egocentric than children in the other levels. ​

Accepted Answer

Level 0 is the premoral level, where children are more likely to exhibit egocentric behavior and are less aware of others' perspectives.

Question 3

Which of the following is true of a child's school phobia?

Accepted Answer

It is important for parents and educators to understand the reason behind a child's school phobia, but this need not always precede insisting that the child return to school. In some cases, a gradual exposure to the school environment might be helpful in overcoming the fear.

Question 4

Robert Selman described five stages in children's changing concepts of friendship. In the _________stage, friends are viewed as doing things for one another, but the focus remains on self-interest. ​

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is C: fair-weather cooperation. In this stage, children view friends as those who do things for them, but their focus remains on their own self-interest.

Question 5

In a research by Green in 1978, it was found that most children who were being reared or had been reared by lesbians or transgendered parents _________. ​

Accepted Answer

Green's research found that most children who were being reared or had been reared by lesbian or transgendered parents reported preferences for toys that were typical for their gender. The study did not address sexual orientation or gender expression.

Question 6

Most professionals agree that the first rule in the treatment of most cases of school phobia is to:

Accepted Answer

The first rule in the treatment of most cases of school phobia is to get the child back into school. Avoidance behaviors tend to reinforce fear and anxiety, making them worse over time. Gradual exposure and desensitization to the feared situation, in this case going to school, is often the most effective treatment approach for phobias. Antidepressant medication may be prescribed if necessary, but it typically should not be the first line of treatment. Keeping the child at home for a few days or using corporal punishments are not effective or ethical approaches to treating school phobia.

Question 7

According to _________, children in the middle years are in the latency stage of development. ​

Accepted Answer

According to psychoanalytic theory proposed by Sigmund Freud, children in middle childhood are in the latency stage of development, which lasts from roughly age 6 to puberty. During this stage, children's sexual impulses are suppressed and they focus on developing social and intellectual skills.

Question 8

Jenna is six years old. She is hesitant to go to school every morning because she does not like staying away from her father. She often complains of stomachaches to avoid school and stop her father from going to office. This scenario illustrates that Jenna is suffering from _____.

Accepted Answer

Jenna's behavior of avoiding school and complaining of stomachaches to not stay away from her father indicates that she is suffering from separation anxiety disorder, which is characterized by excessive and inappropriate fear or anxiety concerning separation from those to whom the individual is attached. This disorder is common in young children and can cause physical symptoms such as headaches, stomachaches, and nausea.

Question 9

Ali is in the first grade but he always finds reasons to miss school. Every morning, he complains of severe headaches and throws up his breakfast. He pleads with his mother not to send him to school, away from her. He fears that someone might harm his mother when he is not with her. This scenario illustrates that Ali is suffering from _____.

Accepted Answer

Ali's fear of being away from his mother and concern for her safety indicate he may have separation anxiety disorder.

Question 10

Children with conduct disorders _________. ​

Accepted Answer

Children with conduct disorders are often found to be involved in substance abuse. This is because they tend to exhibit impulsive and reckless behaviors and may seek out drugs or alcohol as a means of self-medication or to cope with feelings of anger or frustration. Substance abuse can further exacerbate their behavior problems and lead to a range of negative outcomes, such as poor academic performance, criminal activity, and disrupted family and social relationships.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true of middle childhood?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the majority of children in developed nations come through middle childhood without significant problems. However, this does not mean that all children do well or that all middle childhood experiences are the same.

Question 12

Minnie is six years old. She has frequent nightmares about her mother abandoning her and wakes up with chills. She throws tantrums to avoid school as well. Minnie's behavior best illustrates _____.

Accepted Answer

Minnie's frequent nightmares and tantrums to avoid school suggest that she has separation anxiety disorder, which is characterized by excessive fear or anxiety about separation from home or attachment figures. The fear or anxiety must be present for at least four weeks in children for the diagnosis to be made, but Minnie's symptoms suggest that she meets the criteria.

Question 13

Rahul is five years old. He wants to be with his parents at all times and follows them from room to room. He refuses to go out and play with other children of his age. He even clings to his father in the playground. Rahul is showing symptoms of _____.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are indicative of separation anxiety disorder where the child experiences excessive anxiety when separated from primary attachment figures such as parents or caregivers. The child may also refuse to engage in activities outside the home or interact with peers. The other options are not appropriate based on the given symptoms.

Question 14

According to Robert Selman, children in _________of perspective-taking skills are most likely to consider the fact that society expects children to obey their parents. ​

Accepted Answer

At level 4, known as the societal perspective-taking stage, children understand that societal norms and expectations influence behavior, such as the expectation for children to obey their parents.

Question 15

Robert Selman described five stages in children's changing concepts of friendship. In the second stage, referred to as _________, children are less egocentric but view a friend as someone who does what they want. ​

Accepted Answer

In the second stage, "one-way assistance," children see friends as people who fulfill their desires or needs, reflecting a less egocentric but still self-centered view of friendship.

Question 16

According to research by Graham and Reynolds in 2013, _________techniques involving parent training hold promise for the treatment of conduct disorders. ​

Accepted Answer

Graham and Reynolds' research suggests that cognitive-behavioral techniques involving parent training hold promise for the treatment of conduct disorders. The other options (B, C, and D) are not mentioned in the research and do not have empirical support as effective treatments for conduct disorders.

Question 17

Five-year-old Timothy is preoccupied with death since his grandfather passed away a year ago. He frequently asks his parents about death and dying. He clings to his parents and insists that they stay with him at all times, day and night. Timothy is most likely suffering from:

Accepted Answer

Timothy's preoccupation with death and his insistence on his parents staying with him indicate symptoms of separation anxiety disorder. This is a common reaction seen in children who experience the loss of a loved one at an early age. It is important for Timothy's parents to provide reassurance and support while seeking professional help if the symptoms persist or interfere with his daily functioning. Body dysmorphic disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder are not consistent with Timothy's symptoms.

Question 18

According to Piaget, middle childhood coincides with the _________stage. ​

Accepted Answer

Piaget believed that children in middle childhood (ages 7-11) are in the concrete operations stage of cognitive development. In this stage, children are able to think logically about concrete objects and events, understand conservation, and classify objects into logical categories. The latency stage, on the other hand, is a psychoanalytic concept referring to a period of relative calm in sexual development during middle childhood. The pre-conventional stage refers to one of Kohlberg's stages of moral development, and the sensorimotor stage is the stage of development that occurs from birth to age 2, according to Piaget.

Question 19

Identify a true statement about school phobia.

Accepted Answer

School phobia is a real condition that can cause children to feel intense fear and anxiety about going to school. While it is important to identify and address the root causes of the phobia, research has shown that it is usually not beneficial for the child to avoid school altogether. Children with school phobia often benefit from a gradual return to school, with the support of mental health professionals and teachers.

Question 20

_________is best described as the way in which one is disposed toward interpreting outcomes (successes or failures), as in tending to place blame or responsibility on oneself or on external factors. ​

Accepted Answer

This is a description of an attributional style, which refers to how individuals explain the causes of events in their lives. It involves a tendency to either attribute success or failure to internal factors (such as personal characteristics or abilities) or external factors (such as luck, chance, or other people's actions).

Quiz 10: Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

_____ is best described as an irrational, excessive fear that interferes with one's functioning.

According to the five levels of perspective-taking skills in childhood as described by Robert Selman, children in _________are more egocentric than children in the other levels.

Which of the following is true of a child's school phobia?

Robert Selman described five stages in children's changing concepts of friendship. In the _________stage, friends are viewed as doing things for one another, but the focus remains on self-interest.

In a research by Green in 1978, it was found that most children who were being reared or had been reared by lesbians or transgendered parents _________.

Most professionals agree that the first rule in the treatment of most cases of school phobia is to:

According to _________, children in the middle years are in the latency stage of development.

Jenna is six years old. She is hesitant to go to school every morning because she does not like staying away from her father. She often complains of stomachaches to avoid school and stop her father from going to office. This scenario illustrates that Jenna is suffering from _____.

Children with conduct disorders _________.

Which of the following statements is true of middle childhood?

Minnie is six years old. She has frequent nightmares about her mother abandoning her and wakes up with chills. She throws tantrums to avoid school as well. Minnie's behavior best illustrates _____.

Rahul is five years old. He wants to be with his parents at all times and follows them from room to room. He refuses to go out and play with other children of his age. He even clings to his father in the playground. Rahul is showing symptoms of _____.

According to Robert Selman, children in _________of perspective-taking skills are most likely to consider the fact that society expects children to obey their parents.

Robert Selman described five stages in children's changing concepts of friendship. In the second stage, referred to as _________, children are less egocentric but view a friend as someone who does what they want.

According to research by Graham and Reynolds in 2013, _________techniques involving parent training hold promise for the treatment of conduct disorders.

Five-year-old Timothy is preoccupied with death since his grandfather passed away a year ago. He frequently asks his parents about death and dying. He clings to his parents and insists that they stay with him at all times, day and night. Timothy is most likely suffering from:

According to Piaget, middle childhood coincides with the _________stage.

Identify a true statement about school phobia.

_________is best described as the way in which one is disposed toward interpreting outcomes (successes or failures) , as in tending to place blame or responsibility on oneself or on external factors.

Quiz 10: Middle Childhood: Social and Emotional Development

_____ is best described as an irrational, excessive fear that interferes with one's functioning.

According to the five levels of perspective-taking skills in childhood as described by Robert Selman, children in _________are more egocentric than children in the other levels. ​

Which of the following is true of a child's school phobia?

Robert Selman described five stages in children's changing concepts of friendship. In the _________stage, friends are viewed as doing things for one another, but the focus remains on self-interest. ​

In a research by Green in 1978, it was found that most children who were being reared or had been reared by lesbians or transgendered parents _________. ​

Most professionals agree that the first rule in the treatment of most cases of school phobia is to:

According to _________, children in the middle years are in the latency stage of development. ​

Jenna is six years old. She is hesitant to go to school every morning because she does not like staying away from her father. She often complains of stomachaches to avoid school and stop her father from going to office. This scenario illustrates that Jenna is suffering from _____.

Children with conduct disorders _________. ​

Which of the following statements is true of middle childhood?

Minnie is six years old. She has frequent nightmares about her mother abandoning her and wakes up with chills. She throws tantrums to avoid school as well. Minnie's behavior best illustrates _____.

Rahul is five years old. He wants to be with his parents at all times and follows them from room to room. He refuses to go out and play with other children of his age. He even clings to his father in the playground. Rahul is showing symptoms of _____.

According to Robert Selman, children in _________of perspective-taking skills are most likely to consider the fact that society expects children to obey their parents. ​

Robert Selman described five stages in children's changing concepts of friendship. In the second stage, referred to as _________, children are less egocentric but view a friend as someone who does what they want. ​

According to research by Graham and Reynolds in 2013, _________techniques involving parent training hold promise for the treatment of conduct disorders. ​

Five-year-old Timothy is preoccupied with death since his grandfather passed away a year ago. He frequently asks his parents about death and dying. He clings to his parents and insists that they stay with him at all times, day and night. Timothy is most likely suffering from:

According to Piaget, middle childhood coincides with the _________stage. ​

Identify a true statement about school phobia.

_________is best described as the way in which one is disposed toward interpreting outcomes (successes or failures) , as in tending to place blame or responsibility on oneself or on external factors. ​

According to the five levels of perspective-taking skills in childhood as described by Robert Selman, children in _________are more egocentric than children in the other levels.

Robert Selman described five stages in children's changing concepts of friendship. In the _________stage, friends are viewed as doing things for one another, but the focus remains on self-interest.

In a research by Green in 1978, it was found that most children who were being reared or had been reared by lesbians or transgendered parents _________.

According to _________, children in the middle years are in the latency stage of development.

Children with conduct disorders _________.

According to Robert Selman, children in _________of perspective-taking skills are most likely to consider the fact that society expects children to obey their parents.

Robert Selman described five stages in children's changing concepts of friendship. In the second stage, referred to as _________, children are less egocentric but view a friend as someone who does what they want.

According to research by Graham and Reynolds in 2013, _________techniques involving parent training hold promise for the treatment of conduct disorders.

According to Piaget, middle childhood coincides with the _________stage.

_________is best described as the way in which one is disposed toward interpreting outcomes (successes or failures) , as in tending to place blame or responsibility on oneself or on external factors.