Question 1

Which of the following is true of children in the middle years?
A) They fail to develop the ability to use connectives.
B) They learn to form indirect object-direct object constructions.
C) They have difficulty in understanding passive sentences.
D) They attain the maximum level of vocabulary development.

Accepted Answer

Children in the middle years (ages 6-12) learn to form indirect object-direct object constructions, such as "I gave my sister the book." While they may still struggle with understanding more complex grammatical structures such as passive sentences, this does not apply to all children in this age range. Likewise, while their vocabulary continues to develop during this time, they do not reach the maximum level of vocabulary development until much later in life. Connectives, such as "and" and "but," are typically learned at a younger age.

Question 2

Which of the following is true of bilingual children?
A) They use rote learning to enhance their lingual process.
B) They have more cognitive flexibility than monolingual children.
C) They are more adept at using word-recognition than phonetic learning.
D) They encounter more academic problems than monolingual children.

Accepted Answer

Bilingual children have been shown to have more cognitive flexibility than monolingual children, as they are able to switch between languages and processes more easily. This can result in better problem-solving skills and creativity. The other options are not necessarily true of all bilingual children and are not supported by research.

Question 3

Which of the following is a crucial determinant of a person's intellectual development?
A) Giftedness
B) Creativity
C) Heredity
D) Plasticity

Accepted Answer

Heredity is a crucial determinant of a person's intellectual development, as it involves the genetic transmission of intellectual capabilities from parents to offspring.

Question 4

Which of the following statements best describes the word-recognition method?
A) It is a method for learning to read in which children come to recognize words through repeated exposure to them.
B) It is a method by which disabled students are placed in classrooms with nondisabled children in order to accommodate them into mainstream education.
C) It is a method by which objects are placed in an order or series according to a property or trait.
D) It is a method for learning to read in which children decode the sounds of words based on their knowledge of the sounds of letters and letter combinations.

Accepted Answer

The word-recognition method involves learning to read by recognizing words through repeated exposure, rather than decoding the sounds of the words.

Question 5

_________refers to the memory structure capable of relatively permanent storage of information. ​
A) Long-term memory
B) Sensory memory
C) Procedural memory
D) Short-term memory

Accepted Answer

Long-term memory refers to the memory structure capable of relatively permanent storage of information, while sensory memory only holds information for a brief moment, procedural memory relates to how to do things, and short-term memory stores information for a short period of time.

Question 6

Which of the following terms refers to the degree to which the variations in a trait from one person to another can be attributed to genetic factors?
A) Hypersensitivity
B) Transitivity
C) Heritability
D) Plasticity

Accepted Answer

Heritability refers to the degree to which the variations in a trait from one person to another can be attributed to genetic factors. Hypersensitivity refers to an exaggerated or excessive reaction to a stimulus. Transitivity refers to a property of relations that hold between three or more elements, such that if the first element bears a relation to the second, and the second element bears a relation to the third, then the first element also bears a relation to the third. Plasticity refers to the ability of an organism to adapt to changes in its environment.

Question 7

According to Jean Piaget, children in the stage of _________are less egocentric than preoperational children. ​
A) concrete operations
B) moral realism
C) objective morality
D) preconventional morality

Accepted Answer

According to Piaget, children in the concrete operations stage (ages 7-11) are less egocentric than preoperational children (ages 2-7). In this stage, children are able to think logically but their thinking is still based on concrete, tangible experiences.

Question 8

A child understands that if an elephant is bigger than a bear and a bear is bigger than a cat, then an elephant is bigger than a cat. This demonstrates the child's understanding of _________. ​
A) conservation
B) transitivity
C) class inclusion
D) decentration

Accepted Answer

The child is demonstrating their understanding of transitivity, which is the ability to recognize relationships between objects or ideas even when they are not directly compared. In this case, the child infers that if A>B and B>C, then A>C. This type of reasoning is used in many aspects of life, from problem-solving to logical thinking.

Question 9

_________is a stimulant used in the treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. ​
A) Epinephrine
B) Rhodopsin
C) Melanin
D) Ritalin

Accepted Answer

Ritalin is a commonly used stimulant medication for treating ADHD.

Question 10

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, children in the _________base their moral judgments on rules that maintain the social order. ​
A) preconventional level
B) concrete-operational level
C) conventional level
D) preoperational level

Accepted Answer

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, children in the conventional level base their moral judgments on rules that maintain the social order. They want to meet the expectations of society and avoid disapproval. They are more concerned with being a good citizen and upholding the law than with moral principles. This level of moral development typically emerges in early adolescence when individuals become more aware of social expectations and the importance of following rules.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is true of the phonetic method of teaching reading?
A) It provides children with a basic sight vocabulary.
B) It uses rote learning to enhance the learning process.
C) It provides skills children can use to decode new words.
D) It helps most children and adults read familiar words.

Accepted Answer

The phonetic method teaches children skills to decode new words by breaking them down into individual sounds and blending them together. It does not rely on rote learning or a sight vocabulary. While it may be helpful for many children and adults to read familiar words, its primary purpose is to provide the ability to decode unfamiliar words.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is true of creative children?
A) They solve problems to which there are no preexisting solutions.
B) They adhere to social norms and accept ideas at their face value.
C) They employ convergent thinking rather than divergent thinking.
D) They refuse to take chances and accept their limitations.

Accepted Answer

Creative children are known for their ability to think outside the box and come up with innovative solutions to problems that don't have preexisting solutions. They don't simply accept ideas at face value, but question them and come up with alternative perspectives. This requires divergent thinking, which is the ability to generate a wide range of ideas and possibilities, rather than convergent thinking which is focused on finding one correct answer. Creative children are also willing to take risks and explore their own abilities, rather than limiting themselves by accepting their own limitations.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true regarding the grammatical abilities of children?
A) By seven to nine years of age, most children realize that words can have different meanings.
B) By ten years of age, children find it extremely difficult to interpret passive sentences.
C) By eight years of age, children make dramatic advances in articulation and in the capacity to use complex grammar.
D) By the age of six, children lack the ability to form indirect object-direct object constructions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 14

Divergent thinking is the:
A) free and fluent association to the elements of a problem.
B) view that retribution for wrongdoing is a direct consequence of the wrongdoing.
C) judgment of acts as moral when they conform to authority or to the rules of the game.
D) thought process that attempts to focus on the single best solution to a problem.

Accepted Answer

Divergent thinking involves exploring all possible solutions to a problem and generating multiple ideas without judgment. Choice A best describes this definition. Choice B describes the concept of retributive justice. Choice C describes the concept of conventional morality. Choice D describes convergent thinking, which focuses on finding the best solution to a problem.

Question 15

_________is the ability to do things that are novel and useful. ​
A) Adaptability
B) Creativity
C) Heritability
D) Transitivity

Accepted Answer

Creativity is defined as the ability to come up with original ideas or solutions that are both new and useful. This involves thinking outside of the box and generating innovative concepts or methods. While adaptability is an important skill in adjusting to new situations, it does not necessarily involve coming up with novel ideas. Heritability refers to the extent to which a trait or characteristic is determined by genetics, and transitivity is a term related to mathematics and logic.

Question 16

The part of the brain called the _________translates visual information into auditory information. ​
A) medulla
B) angular gyrus
C) vernix
D) hypothalamus

Accepted Answer

The angular gyrus is located in the parietal lobe of the brain and is responsible for integrating and processing sensory information from different modalities. Specifically, it is involved in the transformation of visual information into auditory information, as well as the integration of touch, hearing, and vision.

Question 17

According to Sternberg's theory of intelligence, _________is academic ability. ​
A) practical intelligence
B) creative intelligence
C) analytical intelligence
D) interpersonal intelligence

Accepted Answer

According to Sternberg's theory of intelligence, analytical intelligence refers to academic ability. This includes the ability to analyze, evaluate, and interpret information, solve problems, and make decisions based on facts and logic. Practical intelligence refers to the ability to adapt to the environment and deal with real-world situations, while creative intelligence involves generating new ideas and thinking outside the box. Interpersonal intelligence involves understanding and communicating effectively with others.

Question 18

_________requires the performance of fine motor skills. ​
A) Balancing on a bicycle
B) Hitting a tennis ball
C) Coordinating a knife and fork
D) Pedaling a bicycle

Accepted Answer

Coordinating a knife and fork requires the use of precise fine motor skills in order to manipulate and control the utensils while eating. Balancing on a bicycle and pedaling a bicycle do require some physical coordination, but not necessarily fine motor skills. Hitting a tennis ball requires gross motor skills and hand-eye coordination.

Question 19

Which of the following is true of preschoolers?
A) They learn to form indirect object-direct object constructions.
B) They attain the maximum level of vocabulary development.
C) They have difficulty in understanding passive sentences.
D) They develop the ability to use connectives.

Accepted Answer

Preschoolers typically have difficulty in understanding passive sentences due to their limited cognitive and linguistic abilities. They are still developing their language skills and have not yet fully grasped the rules and structures of language. Therefore, passive sentences, which involve more complex structures and syntax, may be challenging for them to process and understand.

Question 20

The term _________is the intellectual level at which a child is functioning, based on the typical performance of a child of a certain age. ​
A) mental age
B) intelligence quotient
C) chronological age
D) emotional quotient

Accepted Answer

Mental age refers to the level of intellectual functioning of a child, as measured by standardized tests, and is typically compared to the chronological age of the child. It takes into account the child's performance on tasks that are expected to be mastered by children of a certain age.

Quiz 9: Middle Childhood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Which of the following is true of children in the middle years?

Which of the following is true of bilingual children?

Which of the following is a crucial determinant of a person's intellectual development?

Which of the following statements best describes the word-recognition method?

_________refers to the memory structure capable of relatively permanent storage of information. ​

Which of the following terms refers to the degree to which the variations in a trait from one person to another can be attributed to genetic factors?

According to Jean Piaget, children in the stage of _________are less egocentric than preoperational children. ​

A child understands that if an elephant is bigger than a bear and a bear is bigger than a cat, then an elephant is bigger than a cat. This demonstrates the child's understanding of _________. ​

_________is a stimulant used in the treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. ​

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, children in the _________base their moral judgments on rules that maintain the social order. ​

Which of the following statements is true of the phonetic method of teaching reading?

Which of the following statements is true of creative children?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the grammatical abilities of children?

Divergent thinking is the:

_________is the ability to do things that are novel and useful. ​

The part of the brain called the _________translates visual information into auditory information. ​

According to Sternberg's theory of intelligence, _________is academic ability. ​

_________requires the performance of fine motor skills. ​

Which of the following is true of preschoolers?

The term _________is the intellectual level at which a child is functioning, based on the typical performance of a child of a certain age. ​

_________refers to the memory structure capable of relatively permanent storage of information.

According to Jean Piaget, children in the stage of _________are less egocentric than preoperational children.

A child understands that if an elephant is bigger than a bear and a bear is bigger than a cat, then an elephant is bigger than a cat. This demonstrates the child's understanding of _________.

_________is a stimulant used in the treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, children in the _________base their moral judgments on rules that maintain the social order.

_________is the ability to do things that are novel and useful.

The part of the brain called the _________translates visual information into auditory information.

According to Sternberg's theory of intelligence, _________is academic ability.

_________requires the performance of fine motor skills.

The term _________is the intellectual level at which a child is functioning, based on the typical performance of a child of a certain age.