Question 1

What is the current name of the agency that serves as an important source of funding for nursing research?

Accepted Answer

The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) is the current name of the agency that serves as an important source of funding for nursing research. The National Center for Nursing Research (NCNR) was the name of the agency before it was changed to the NINR in 1993. The National Nursing Research Agenda is a collaborative effort among various nursing organizations to identify research priorities. NIH (National Institutes of Health) is a broader agency that provides funding for research in various fields, including nursing. However, NINR is specifically dedicated to funding nursing research.

Question 2

Translational research/science will do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Translational research/science involves taking laboratory findings and developing them for use with patients at the bedside (C), as well as using clinical research findings to ask new questions for research in the laboratory (D). It does not result in biomedical research becoming less flexible in response to the needs of society (A), limit interdisciplinary research (B), or discover practical applications for scientific theories and laws (E) without explicitly involving patients.

Question 3

An intensive care unit (ICU)nurse notices that patients seem to have more normal vital signs when they are being visited by their family members,especially when the visitors seem to be more "caring." However,the hospital has strict visiting hours of 10 minutes every other hour.What would be the most appropriate research question to ask at this time?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 4

Which of the following must be included in the informed consent in research?

Accepted Answer

Informed consent requires that participants are informed about the risks related to participation, including potential harm or discomfort that may occur during the study. A, B, and C are not required elements of informed consent and may actually deter potential participants from participating in the research.

Question 5

Which research design should be used to determine whether there is a difference in the effectiveness of two preoperative preparation methods on length of stay?

Accepted Answer

An experimental design would be best as it allows for the manipulation of the preoperative preparation methods and random assignment of participants to the different methods, thereby providing control over potential confounding variables. This would enable a determination of causality and allow for comparison of the effectiveness of the two methods in terms of length of stay.

Question 6

Which of the following are the three most common sources of research questions?

Accepted Answer

Clinical problems, replication of prior research, and testing nursing theory are the three most common sources of research questions in nursing. These sources provide a foundation for nursing research that is focused on improving patient outcomes and advancing the profession. Requests by drug companies and doctoral students may also be sources of research questions, but they are not as common as the three identified in choice C. Review of the literature and NIH grants may help researchers identify gaps in the literature or funding opportunities, but they are not sources of research questions in and of themselves. Anecdotal stories and requests by state boards of nursing are not considered reliable or valid sources of research questions.

Question 7

To build the body of knowledge of nursing,a problem amenable to study should be

Accepted Answer

To build the body of knowledge of nursing, it is important that the problem chosen is based on published research findings and fits logically with what is already known. This will help to ensure that the study adds to the existing knowledge and can be used to inform future studies, interventions and practice. The problem also needs to be amenable to study so that it can be researched in a valid and reliable manner, producing results that are applicable to a variety of situations. The problem does not need to be an original area of study never researched previously, but it does need to address a gap in the existing knowledge and contribute to the advancement of the discipline of nursing. The problem should not be chosen simply to ensure participants that the intervention is a "good idea" as this may bias the research and produce results that are not valid or reliable.

Question 8

Evidence-based nursing practice involves which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Evidence-based nursing practice involves integrating the best available evidence (A), the clinical expertise of the nurse (C), and the preferences and values of the patients and their families (E) to provide high-quality care.

Question 9

For data collection to be valid,what must occur?

Accepted Answer

Validity refers to the extent to which a tool or measurement accurately measures what it is supposed to measure. The other options are important for data collection, but do not necessarily ensure validity.

Question 10

Which research design has the goal of determining a cause-and-effect relationship?

Accepted Answer

Experimental design is the research design with the goal of determining a cause-and-effect relationship. It involves manipulating one or more variables and observing the effect on another variable. Nonexperimental designs, such as correlational or descriptive studies, do not involve manipulating variables and therefore cannot establish causality. Pure research refers to scientific inquiry aimed at increasing knowledge, while applied research focuses on solving practical problems.

Question 11

Which research design would be used to determine the relationship between self-concept,physical fitness,and health habits in school-aged children?

Accepted Answer

A nonexperimental research design, such as a correlational study or a survey, would be the most appropriate to examine the relationships between self-concept, physical fitness, and health habits in school-aged children. An experimental design would involve manipulation of variables, which may not be ethical or feasible in this case, while applied research typically focuses on real-world problems faced by practitioners in their field. A pretest and posttest design may be useful to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention aimed at improving self-concept, physical fitness, or health habits, but would not by itself determine the relationships between these variables.

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of a research question based on a clinical problem?

Accepted Answer

The relationship between hours of bright light and irritability of preterm infants is a research question that is based on a clinical problem, and can be investigated through empirical research. The other choices either provide anecdotes or personal experiences, but do not present a clear research question.

Question 13

A data collection protocol calls for a questionnaire to be administered to patients having knee replacement surgery after the third physical therapy appointment.Errors can be introduced into the study by

Accepted Answer

Administering the questionnaire when participants arrive for their appointment may introduce bias as they might not have experienced the therapy session yet, which could affect their responses.

Question 14

What is meant by the term "evidence-based practice"?

Accepted Answer

Evidence-based practice refers to the process of incorporating research evidence, patient care data, preferences, and values, along with nursing expertise, into clinical decision-making to provide the best possible care for patients. It involves critically appraising the evidence from published studies and applying it to individual patient care situations. Option A is incorrect because evidence-based practice uses nursing research to guide practice, rather than developing nursing theory. Option B is incorrect because evidence-based practice is primarily concerned with improving patient outcomes, rather than nursing administration. Option C is incorrect because evidence-based practice focuses on utilizing evidence from healthcare research, rather than social sciences.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a necessary step in the research process?

Accepted Answer

While a review of best practice guidelines can be helpful in guiding the research process, it is not a necessary step. The other three steps (review of the literature, design of the study, and dissemination of results) are essential components of the research process.

Question 16

The discovery of oxygen would be called pure science because this information

Accepted Answer

Pure science is the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake, without any practical applications. The discovery of oxygen was made by scientists studying the properties of air and gases, without any immediate practical applications in mind. Thus, it is an example of pure science.

Question 17

What body has been established to protect participants of research?

Accepted Answer

The Institutional Review Board (IRB) is a body established to protect participants of research. They review all proposed research studies to ensure that they adhere to ethical guidelines and protect the rights and well-being of participants. The State board of nursing and Nursing research board are not specifically tasked with protecting participants in research, and a Peer review panel assesses the quality and validity of research, but not necessarily its ethical considerations.

Question 18

A nursing manager wants the unit staff to become more involved in research.The staff nurses say they are not qualified to conduct research.Which response by the manager is best?

Accepted Answer

Staff nurses should have a basic understanding of the research process to be good consumers of research, which is essential for evidence-based practice.

Question 19

Quantitative research methods may be somewhat less useful in nursing because of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Quantitative methods may be less useful in nursing because many phenomena of interest are not easily studied in controlled environments (C), the complexity of human beings makes it difficult to formulate testable statements (D), and patient perceptions, which are subjective, significantly affect health behaviors (E).

Question 20

A nurse wants to examine the accuracy of child and parent perceptions of asthma symptoms and their decision making based on their understanding of the symptoms.What specific factors would identify participants?

Accepted Answer

The factors that would identify participants in this study would be children between the ages of 5 to 18 and their mothers. These individuals would be able to provide information on their perceptions of asthma symptoms and their decision making based on this understanding. Factors such as a history of pneumonia, living in a rural area, and ethnicity may also be considered in the study, but they are not specific to the research question at hand.

Quiz 10: The Science of Nursing and Evidence-Based Practice