Question 1

Each time a packet is copied, a counter associated with the packet increases by one. This counter is called the ____.
A)hop limit
B)time to live
C)TTL count
D)hop count

Accepted Answer

The hop count is a counter that is incremented each time a packet is copied or forwarded by a router. It is used to limit the number of hops a packet can take between source and destination, thereby preventing loops in the network. Options A, B, and C refer to other counters used in networking protocols, but they are not directly related to the hop count.

Question 2

A network that is connected in a ____ is one in which neighbors are connected only to neighbors.
A)star
B)mesh
C)bus
D)star-bus

Accepted Answer

A mesh network is one in which every node is connected directly to every other node in the network. This means that neighbors are only connected to other neighbors, and not to nodes further away in the network. In contrast, a star network has all nodes connected to a central hub, a bus network has all nodes connected to a common transmission medium, and a star-bus network combines elements of both.

Question 3

The three basic types of subnetworks are ____, packet-switched, and broadcast.
A)multicast
B)protocol-switched
C)circuit-switched
D)unicast

Accepted Answer

The three basic types of subnetworks are circuit-switched, packet-switched, and broadcast. Multicast and unicast are not types of subnetworks, and protocol-switched is not a commonly recognized type of subnetwork.

Question 4

____ and virtual circuit networks require path setup time and cannot dynamically reroute packets should a network problem occur.
A)Broadcast
B)Wireless
C)Circuit-switched
D)Datagram

Accepted Answer

Circuit-switched networks require a dedicated path to be established before communication can occur, and this path cannot be changed if there is a network problem. Virtual circuit networks also require path setup time and have a dedicated path, although they do have some flexibility in rerouting packets within the established circuit. Broadcast and wireless networks do not necessarily require path setup time and can dynamically reroute packets if necessary. Datagram networks are also known as connectionless networks and do not have a dedicated path, so they are inherently designed to dynamically reroute packets.

Question 5

A wide area network connects its workstations through the use of a ____ design and requires routing to transfer data across the network.
A)bus
B)star
C)mesh
D)ring

Accepted Answer

A mesh topology is used in a wide area network where all the workstations are interconnected with each other. This design offers redundancy and minimizes the chances of network failure. Routing is required in this topology to transfer data across the network. A bus design requires a single cable to connect all workstations, while a star design connects all workstations to a central switch or hub. A ring design connects all workstations in a circular loop. However, these designs are not commonly used in wide area networks.

Question 6

A network limit, called the ____, can be placed on how many times any packet is copied.
A)hop limit
B)hop count
C)time to live
D)time to hop

Accepted Answer

The hop limit is the maximum number of hops, or routers, a packet can traverse before being discarded. It prevents packets from circulating endlessly in the network and ensures efficient use of network resources. The other options, hop count and time to live, are also related to packet forwarding and limiting their propagation in the network, but they are not the specific term for a network limit on copying packets. Time to hop is not a commonly used term in networking.

Question 7

____ is advantageous when a copy of a packet needs to get to all nodes.
A)Flooding
B)Dijkstra's least-cost
C)Dijkstra's shortest-path
D)Dijkstra's maximum-cost

Accepted Answer

Flooding is the best choice when a copy of a packet needs to get to all nodes as it involves broadcasting the packet to every node in the network, ensuring that every node receives it.

Question 8

A local area network works as a ____ network in that clusters of workstations are connected to a central point (hub or switch) through which workstations can transmit messages to one another.
A)star-based
B)bus-based
C)ring-based
D)star-ring-based

Accepted Answer

The answer of A local area network works as a...

Question 9

A ____ network application provides some guarantee that information traveling through the network will be delivered to the intended receiver in the same order in which it was transmitted.
A)connectionless
B)connection-oriented
C)virtual circuit
D)packet-switched

Accepted Answer

Connection-oriented networks establish a dedicated communication path between two devices, ensuring that information is delivered in order and without errors. This is in contrast to connectionless networks, where packets are sent individually and may arrive out of order or not at all. Virtual circuit networks and packet-switched networks can be either connection-oriented or connectionless, so they do not provide a definitive answer to the question.

Question 10

The ____-switched network is most often found in networks designed to transfer computer data (such as the Internet).
A)circuit
B)packet
C)protocol
D)port

Accepted Answer

Packet-switched networks are better suited for transferring computer data as they can handle more diverse types of traffic and are more efficient in using available network resources. Circuit-switched networks are more appropriate for transmitting voice and video signals. Protocols and ports are not types of networks.

Question 11

The two types of packet-switched networks are the datagram and the ____.
A)static circuit
B)fixed circuit
C)standard circuit
D)virtual circuit

Accepted Answer

The datagram network and virtual circuit network are the two types of packet-switched networks. Out of these two, the virtual circuit network is often preferred for real-time applications as it establishes a dedicated path for communication between sender and receiver, ensuring reliable delivery of packets. Therefore, the answer is option D) virtual circuit.

Question 12

All wide area networks are collections of at least two basic types of equipment: a station and a ____.
A)link
B)server
C)workstation
D)node

Accepted Answer

A wide area network typically consists of multiple nodes, which are the devices or points of connection within the network. A station, on the other hand, typically refers to a specific device or endpoint within the network (such as a computer or server), but it is not a fundamental component of the network infrastructure. Therefore, the correct answer is D) node.

Question 13

A ____ profile describes various characteristics about the connection, such as basic data transfer rates, basic burst rates, excess data transfer rates, and excess burst rates.
A)bandwidth
B)server
C)client
D)router

Accepted Answer

Bandwidth profile describes various characteristics about the connection, such as basic data transfer rates, basic burst rates, excess data transfer rates, and excess burst rates. Servers, clients, and routers may be involved in establishing a connection, but they do not describe its characteristics.

Question 14

A ____ application does not guarantee the delivery of any information or data.
A)connectionless
B)connection-oriented
C)virtual circuit
D)packet-switched

Accepted Answer

A connectionless application is one in which data is transferred without establishing a dedicated, end-to-end communication path between the sender and receiver. This means that there is no guarantee that the data will be successfully delivered, and no confirmation is sent back to the sender to indicate whether or not the data was received. Connectionless protocols are often used for applications where fast and efficient data transmission is more important than ensuring that every packet is successfully delivered, such as streaming video or online gaming.

Question 15

To distinguish between a piece of data processed at the data link layer and a piece of data processed at the network layer, the term "____" is used at the data link layer, and the term "packet" is used at the network layer.
A)load
B)product
C)frame
D)payload

Accepted Answer

The term "frame" is used at the data link layer to refer to a piece of data that has been processed at that layer. At the network layer, the term "packet" is used instead. The other options, "load," "product," and "payload," do not specifically refer to data at either the data link or network layer.

Question 16

When a node on a wide area network ____ network transmits its data, the data is received by all the other nodes.
A)broadcast
B)packet-switched
C)circuit-switched
D)datagram packet-switched

Accepted Answer

When a node on a wide area network broadcasts its data, the data is transmitted to all other nodes on the network. This is a common method for sending messages or data to multiple recipients simultaneously in a network with multiple nodes.

Question 17

A ____ network is the only network that offers a dedicated path.
A)packet-switched
B)broadcast
C)virtual circuit
D)circuit-switched

Accepted Answer

Circuit-switched networks establish a dedicated path between two endpoints for the entire duration of the connection, ensuring that no other traffic can use the path. Packet-switched networks, on the other hand, divide data into smaller packets and route them independently based on network conditions, and virtual circuit networks provide a dedicated path but only for a specific amount of time. Broadcast networks transmit data to all connected devices at once, making them unsuitable for dedicated paths.

Question 18

____ applications do not negotiate a connection, and the transfer of data is rarely, if ever, acknowledged.
A)FTP
B)Connectionless
C)Connection-oriented
D)Reliable service

Accepted Answer

Connectionless applications do not establish a connection before transmitting data and do not require acknowledgment of data receipt. Examples of connectionless protocols include User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP).

Question 19

A classic algorithm that calculates a least-cost path through a network is ____ algorithm.
A)Dijkstra's maximum-cost
B)Dijkstra's longest-path
C)Turing's longest-path
D)Dijkstra's least-cost

Accepted Answer

Dijkstra's algorithm calculates the least-cost path through a network. The other options, such as maximum-cost or longest-path, would have different objectives and would not be suitable for finding the least-cost path. Turing's algorithm is not applicable here, as it is a general problem-solving algorithm and not specific to network pathfinding.

Question 20

The type and number of interconnections between nodes and the way network data is passed from node to node are the responsibility of the ____.
A)sub-network
B)station
C)server
D)client

Accepted Answer

The type and number of interconnections between nodes and the way network data is passed from node to node are determined by the sub-network. A sub-network is a collection of interconnected nodes that communicate with each other using a specific protocol or set of protocols. Therefore, option A is the best choice.

Quiz 9: Introduction to Metropolitan Area Networks and Wide Area Networks

Each time a packet is copied, a counter associated with the packet increases by one. This counter is called the ____.

A network that is connected in a ____ is one in which neighbors are connected only to neighbors.

The three basic types of subnetworks are ____, packet-switched, and broadcast.

____ and virtual circuit networks require path setup time and cannot dynamically reroute packets should a network problem occur.

A wide area network connects its workstations through the use of a ____ design and requires routing to transfer data across the network.

A network limit, called the ____, can be placed on how many times any packet is copied.

____ is advantageous when a copy of a packet needs to get to all nodes.

A local area network works as a ____ network in that clusters of workstations are connected to a central point (hub or switch) through which workstations can transmit messages to one another.

A ____ network application provides some guarantee that information traveling through the network will be delivered to the intended receiver in the same order in which it was transmitted.

The ____-switched network is most often found in networks designed to transfer computer data (such as the Internet) .

The two types of packet-switched networks are the datagram and the ____.

All wide area networks are collections of at least two basic types of equipment: a station and a ____.

A ____ profile describes various characteristics about the connection, such as basic data transfer rates, basic burst rates, excess data transfer rates, and excess burst rates.

A ____ application does not guarantee the delivery of any information or data.

To distinguish between a piece of data processed at the data link layer and a piece of data processed at the network layer, the term "____" is used at the data link layer, and the term "packet" is used at the network layer.

When a node on a wide area network ____ network transmits its data, the data is received by all the other nodes.

A ____ network is the only network that offers a dedicated path.

____ applications do not negotiate a connection, and the transfer of data is rarely, if ever, acknowledged.

A classic algorithm that calculates a least-cost path through a network is ____ algorithm.

The type and number of interconnections between nodes and the way network data is passed from node to node are the responsibility of the ____.