Question 1

____ refers to episodic drinking involving five or more drinks on a single occasion for men and four or more drinks for women.
A)Binge drinking
B)Heavy drinking
C)Moderate drinking
D)Sporadic drinking

Accepted Answer

Binge drinking is defined as consuming five or more drinks on a single occasion for men and four or more drinks for women within a two-hour time frame. This pattern of drinking can lead to serious health problems and is considered a form of alcohol abuse.

Question 2

The rate of illicit drug use is most prevalent among Americans who are ____.
A)males and young adults
B)of Asian ancestry
C)older adults
D)females

Accepted Answer

Research consistently shows that males and young adults have the highest rates of illicit drug use.

Question 3

An accurate definition of delirium tremens is ____.
A)a life-threatening withdrawal symptoms that can result from chronic alcohol use
B)a chronic alcohol intake of more than two drinks per day for men and more than one drink per day for women
C)a lower-risk pattern of alcohol intake (no more than one or two drinks per day)
D)a substance that causes a slowing of responses and generalized depression of the central nervous system

Accepted Answer

Delirium tremens is a severe and life-threatening form of alcohol withdrawal that can occur in people with a history of chronic alcohol use. It includes symptoms such as fever, confusion, hallucinations, seizures, and tremors.

Question 4

Excessive drinking is especially problematic among those in college.According to research conducted by Sloane et al.(2010), ____.
A)10 percent of the college students polled reported binge-drinking and many reported drinking at least 6-9 days during the month
B)half the college students polled reported binge-drinking and many reported drinking at least 6-9 days during the month
C)75 percent of the college students polled reported binge-drinking and many reported drinking at least 6-9 days during the month
D)almost all college students polled reported binge-drinking and many reported drinking at least 6-9 days during the month

Accepted Answer

According to the research conducted by Sloane et al. (2010), half of the college students polled reported binge-drinking and many reported drinking at least 6-9 days during the month. This suggests that excessive drinking is indeed problematic among college students. However, the other answer choices exaggerate the prevalence of excessive drinking among college students.

Question 5

Studies of genetic variation involving the DRD2 gene affecting dopamine indicates ____.
A)an increased risk for alcoholism, nicotine, cocaine, and opium dependence
B)environment is a stronger predictor of substance dependence than genes
C)no biological markers have been found yet that show a genetic link with addiction.
D)he relationship between genes and addiction is weak

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that variations in the DRD2 gene affect dopamine in the brain, leading to an increased risk for addiction to alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, and opium. This suggests there is a genetic link to addiction.

Question 6

Which of the following categories of substances cause a slowing down of responses, feelings of relaxation, and lower interpersonal inhibitions?
A)depressants
B)stimulants
C)hormones
D)hallucinogens

Accepted Answer

Depressants are substances that slow down the central nervous system, leading to a decrease in response time, feelings of relaxation, and lower interpersonal inhibitions. Examples of depressants include alcohol, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates. Stimulants, on the other hand, increase alertness, energy, and heart rate. Hormones are chemical messengers produced by the endocrine system that regulate various bodily functions. Hallucinogens are substances that alter perception and produce sensory experiences that seem real but are not based on reality.

Question 7

Sally is dependent on a drug that energizes her central nervous system and produces euphoria.It is likely that the drug is a ____.
A)depressant
B)stimulant
C)hallucinogen
D)painkiller

Accepted Answer

Sally's symptoms suggest that she is using a stimulant drug that has an energizing effect on her central nervous system and produces feelings of euphoria.

Question 8

Dwayne has been using heroin for two years.While visiting his mother, he decides to stop.When he stops using the drug, Dwayne experiences shaking, irritability, and an inability to concentrate because he is going through ____.
A)psychological dependence
B)tolerance
C)addiction
D)withdrawal

Accepted Answer

Dwayne is experiencing withdrawal symptoms when he stops using heroin, which occurs due to physical dependence on the drug. This is different from psychological dependence (A), which refers to the emotional attachment to the drug, or tolerance (B), which occurs when the body becomes less responsive to the drug over time. Addiction (C) is a more general term that can refer to both physical and psychological dependence on a substance.

Question 9

Stewart is a musician and often takes "speed" before his performances to help give him an "edge." Recently he has found that when he hasn't had a performance for several days and thus has not taken "speed," he begins to feel fatigued and dragged out.He becomes high, agitated, and can't concentrate on his music.Stewart is demonstrating ____.
A)an addiction
B)symptoms of withdrawal
C)psychological dependence
D)tolerance

Accepted Answer

Stewart is experiencing withdrawal symptoms, which is a sign of physical dependence on the drug. This indicates that he may be addicted to the drug and needs it to function properly, even though it adversely affects his health and well-being.

Question 10

Tolerance and withdrawal are the hallmarks of substance ____.
A)dependence
B)consumption
C)abuse
D)use

Accepted Answer

Tolerance and withdrawal are two key features of substance dependence, which occurs when an individual develops a physical or psychological reliance on a substance. Dependence can be characterized by a withdrawal syndrome that occurs when the substance is abruptly discontinued or reduced in dosage. Tolerance is the need to take increasing amounts of a substance in order to achieve the desired effect.

Question 11

Because the drug Kelly takes makes him feel calm, relaxed, and more sociable, we can guess that the drug is ____.
A)a depressant
B)a stimulant
C)an amphetamine
D)LSD

Accepted Answer

Depressants are drugs that slow down the central nervous system, leading to feelings of relaxation and calmness. This matches the effects described for the drug Kelly takes. Stimulants, on the other hand, would have the opposite effects, making Kelly more alert and energetic. Amphetamines are a type of stimulant, and LSD is a hallucinogenic drug that would produce different effects than what is described.

Question 12

Avery has been snorting cocaine for over a year.In his attempts to achieve a high that is as euphoric as his first (which he will never be able to do), he now needs increasingly greater amounts of the drug.This demonstrates ____.
A)physical dependence
B)withdrawal
C)tolerance
D)addiction

Accepted Answer

This demonstrates tolerance, as Avery needs increasingly greater amounts of the drug to achieve the same high. Physical dependence and withdrawal may also be present, but those are not specifically indicated in this scenario. Addiction is a broader term that encompasses physical dependence, tolerance, and other behavioral and psychological factors.

Question 13

Bess has been using Valium for two years even though it impairs her work performance and jeopardizes her safety because she often drives while intoxicated by the medication.She shows neither tolerance nor withdrawal.According to the DSM-V, Bess's drug use illustrates ____.
A)substance intoxication
B)substance dependence
C)substance abuse
D)substance-induced disorder

Accepted Answer

Bess's drug use meets the criteria for substance abuse as she continues to use the medication despite its negative impact on her work performance and safety. Additionally, driving while intoxicated by the medication indicates a disregard for the potential consequences of her actions. The lack of tolerance and withdrawal rules out substance dependence. Substance intoxication and substance-induced disorder refer to the immediate effects of using a substance and do not apply to Bess's situation.

Question 14

Which statement is an accurate summary concerning drug use?
A)Only in recent years have people used chemicals to change their moods or levels of consciousness.
B)Throughout history, people have used chemicals to change their moods, behavior, and levels of consciousness.
C)All the chemicals used today to change people's moods are illegal.
D)The only reason people put substances into their bodies is to cure their illnesses.

Accepted Answer

Throughout history, people have used various chemicals for altering their moods, behavior, and levels of consciousness. It is not a recent phenomenon, and drugs have been used for various purposes such as medicinal, religious, and recreational. A and D are incorrect as they are untrue statements, and C is incorrect as not all mood-altering substances are illegal.

Question 15

Psychoactive substances are substances that ____.
A)alter moods, thought processes, or other psychological states
B)are considered illicit drugs only
C)have dependence potential but not abuse potential in users
D)are available over-the-counter

Accepted Answer

Psychoactive substances are substances that have the ability to alter a person's mood, thought processes, and other psychological states by affecting the activities of the nervous system. This can include legal substances such as nicotine, caffeine, and alcohol, as well as illicit drugs like cocaine, heroin, and cannabis. Dependence potential and availability over-the-counter are not defining characteristics of psychoactive substances.

Question 16

Which of the following is an accurate definition of physiological dependence?
A)state of adaptation that occurs after chronic exposure to a substance; can result in craving and withdrawal symptoms
B)use of psychoactive substances in a way that produces intoxication, delirium, and other cognitive disorders
C)use of psychoactive substances in a way that makes an individual dangerous to others in society
D)ailments arising from the use of psychoactive substances that affect the central nervous system and cause social, occupational, psychological, or physical problems

Accepted Answer

Physiological dependence refers to the state of adaptation that occurs after chronic exposure to a substance. This can result in the individual experiencing cravings and withdrawal symptoms when the substance is removed.

Question 17

In 2009, an estimated ____ met the criteria for a substance-use disorder at some time during the year.
A)22.5 million adolescents and adults
B)12.5 million adolescents and adults
C)5.2 million adolescents and adults
D)8.3 million adolescents and adults

Accepted Answer

According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's (SAMHSA) National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), in 2009, approximately 22.5 million people aged 12 or older met the criteria for a substance use disorder at some point during the year. This includes both illicit drug use disorders and alcohol use disorders.

Question 18

Jana has been diagnosed with substance abuse.Lyle has been diagnosed with substance dependence.According to the DSM-V, both of them must show ____.
A)withdrawal symptoms when the drug is not in the body
B)symptoms over a twelve-month period
C)another mental disorder such as depression or mania
D)tolerance to the drug's effects

Accepted Answer

Both Jana and Lyle must show symptoms over a twelve-month period to meet the criteria for substance use disorder in the DSM-V. While tolerance and withdrawal symptoms are commonly associated with substance use disorder, they are not required for a diagnosis. Additionally, the presence of another mental disorder may increase the likelihood of substance use disorder but is not a necessary criteria for diagnosis.

Question 19

Approximately what percentage of Americans are alcohol dependent?
A)2
B)5
C)16
D)30

Accepted Answer

According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), approximately 5% of American adults (ages 18 and over) are classified as having alcohol dependence or alcohol use disorder.

Question 20

Which of the following drugs is considered non-addictive?
A)LSD
B)cocaine
C)alcohol
D)opium

Accepted Answer

LSD is not considered addictive.

Quiz 11: Substance Use Disorders

____ refers to episodic drinking involving five or more drinks on a single occasion for men and four or more drinks for women.

The rate of illicit drug use is most prevalent among Americans who are ____.

An accurate definition of delirium tremens is ____.

Excessive drinking is especially problematic among those in college.According to research conducted by Sloane et al.(2010) , ____.

Studies of genetic variation involving the DRD2 gene affecting dopamine indicates ____.

Which of the following categories of substances cause a slowing down of responses, feelings of relaxation, and lower interpersonal inhibitions?

Sally is dependent on a drug that energizes her central nervous system and produces euphoria.It is likely that the drug is a ____.

Dwayne has been using heroin for two years.While visiting his mother, he decides to stop.When he stops using the drug, Dwayne experiences shaking, irritability, and an inability to concentrate because he is going through ____.

Tolerance and withdrawal are the hallmarks of substance ____.

Because the drug Kelly takes makes him feel calm, relaxed, and more sociable, we can guess that the drug is ____.

Avery has been snorting cocaine for over a year.In his attempts to achieve a high that is as euphoric as his first (which he will never be able to do) , he now needs increasingly greater amounts of the drug.This demonstrates ____.

Bess has been using Valium for two years even though it impairs her work performance and jeopardizes her safety because she often drives while intoxicated by the medication.She shows neither tolerance nor withdrawal.According to the DSM-V, Bess's drug use illustrates ____.

Which statement is an accurate summary concerning drug use?

Psychoactive substances are substances that ____.

Which of the following is an accurate definition of physiological dependence?

In 2009, an estimated ____ met the criteria for a substance-use disorder at some time during the year.

Jana has been diagnosed with substance abuse.Lyle has been diagnosed with substance dependence.According to the DSM-V, both of them must show ____.

Approximately what percentage of Americans are alcohol dependent?

Which of the following drugs is considered non-addictive?