Question 1

Age-related changes in the release of appetite-regulating gut hormones may MOST contribute to a condition known as:

Accepted Answer

The decrease in the release of appetite-stimulating gut hormones such as ghrelin and an increase in the release of appetite-suppressing hormones such as cholecystokinin and peptide YY may contribute to a decrease in appetite and anorexia of aging in older adults. Sarcopenic obesity is related to a decrease in muscle mass and an increase in body fat. Achlorhydria is a condition in which the stomach doesn't produce enough hydrochloric acid. Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder that affects movement. None of these conditions are primarily related to changes in gut hormone release.

Question 2

In 2010,people aged 65 and older made up about ________ of the U.S.population.

Accepted Answer

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, in 2010, people aged 65 and older made up about 13% of the U.S. population.

Question 3

The recommended fiber intake for older adults is lower than for younger adults because:

Accepted Answer

As older adults tend to consume fewer Calories/less energy, their fiber intake requirements are also lower compared to younger adults. Higher levels of fiber requirements could lead to lower calorie consumption overall, which may be detrimental for older adults who need to maintain adequate nutrient intake.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is MOST characteristic of body fat changes associated with aging?

Accepted Answer

As people age, body fat storage tends to shift from subcutaneous (under the skin) stores to visceral (around the organs) sites. This redistribution of body fat can be associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain types of cancer. Options A and B are not accurate, as body fat changes associated with aging do not necessarily differ by gender and do not necessarily peak at age 75. Option D is also not accurate, as lean body mass tends to decline with age, rather than increasing.

Question 5

Aging is often associated with xerostomia,a condition characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Xerostomia is a condition characterized by dry mouth and decreased salivary production, which commonly occurs with aging due to reduced gland function. Vision disturbances, decreased sense of smell, and problems chewing are not associated with xerostomia.

Question 6

Older adults should maintain their total fat intake to within ________ percent of total daily energy intake.

Accepted Answer

For older adults, it's recommended to maintain total fat intake within 20 to 35 percent of total daily energy intake. This range supports overall health while providing enough energy from fats.

Question 7

The fastest growing U.S.population subgroup is ________.

Accepted Answer

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the population of those 85 and older is growing at the fastest rate in the United States.

Question 8

Most researchers agree that a human life span beyond ________ years is unlikely.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most researchers agree that a human life...

Question 9

Which micronutrients below are a CRITICAL priority for older adults?

Accepted Answer

Calcium and vitamin D are critical micronutrients for older adults because they can help prevent or manage osteoporosis, a common condition that leads to weak and brittle bones. Calcium and vitamin D work together to promote bone health and reduce the risk of fractures. Other nutrients may also be important for older adults, but in terms of critical priority, calcium and vitamin D should be emphasized.

Question 10

Which of the following U.S.elderly population groups is at the LOWEST risk for lactose intolerance?

Accepted Answer

According to research, Caucasians have a lower likelihood of developing lactose intolerance compared to other ethnic groups like African Americans, Hispanics, and Asians. This is because lactose intolerance is more common in populations that historically did not rely on milk as a dietary staple. Caucasians, on the other hand, have a long history of dairy consumption, and their bodies have adapted to digest lactose more efficiently.

Question 11

The term used to describe the age-related processes that increase risk of disability,disease,and death is:

Accepted Answer

Senescence refers to the biological processes associated with aging, which increase the risk of experiencing disabilities, diseases, and death. It is a natural part of the aging process and occurs due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Other answer choices like B) pre-programmed aging and D) life span are not accurate descriptions of the processes involved in aging, and C) theories of aging refer to different scientific hypotheses about why we age rather than the processes themselves.

Question 12

Achlorhydria may lead to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Achlorhydria refers to a condition in which the stomach does not produce enough hydrochloric acid. This can lead to limited absorption of minerals as hydrochloric acid is necessary for the breakdown of minerals in food to enable their absorption.

Question 13

One's biologic age MOST reflects the influence of which of the factors below?

Accepted Answer

The answer of One's biologic age MOST reflects the influence...

Question 14

Aging may be linked to a progressive accumulation of free radicals.This theory is characterized as:

Accepted Answer

The theory that aging is caused by the accumulation of free radicals is known as the free radical theory of aging or the oxidative stress theory of aging, which falls under the category of error theories. These theories propose that aging is caused by the accumulation of damage or mistakes in the body over time. In this case, the accumulation of free radicals causes damage to cells and tissues, leading to aging.

Question 15

The benefits of a higher daily protein intake (above the normal DRI for all adults)for the elderly:

Accepted Answer

The benefits of a higher daily protein intake for the elderly remain unclear, as research is ongoing and consensus among health professionals varies.

Question 16

Smoking cigarettes increases one's ________ age.

Accepted Answer

Smoking cigarettes increases one's biological age, meaning the age at which their body is functioning and deteriorating rather than their chronological age, which is simply the number of years they have been alive. This is due to the negative and harmful effects smoking has on various organs and systems in the body.

Question 17

Aging is often associated with dysphagia,which is the condition of:

Accepted Answer

Dysphagia specifically refers to difficulty swallowing, which can be caused by a variety of factors including age-related changes in muscle strength and coordination. Slowing of the gastrointestinal tract, abnormal taste perception, and decrease in muscle strength may all be age-related changes but they are not necessarily always associated with dysphagia.

Question 18

The condition,common in many elderly adults,of experiencing abnormal taste perception when eating is called:

Accepted Answer

Dysgeusia refers to the distortion or alteration of taste perception, which is a common condition in the elderly. Xerostomia refers to dry mouth, dysphagia refers to difficulty swallowing, and senescence refers to the process of aging.

Question 19

It is estimated that by the year 2020,the elderly will account for about what percent of the American population?

Accepted Answer

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the population of Americans aged 65 and over is expected to be around 16% by the year 2020. This is due to factors such as improved healthcare and medical advancements leading to an increase in life expectancy.

Question 20

Which U.S.ethnic group is growing at the fastest rate?

Accepted Answer

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the Hispanic American population is growing at the fastest rate. This trend is projected to continue, with a projected population increase of 86% by 2060.

Quiz 22: Nutrition Through the Life Cycle: The Later Years