Question 1

Compare and contrast the trichromatic and opponent-process theories of color vision.

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Question 2

Explain the role of top-down processing in perceptual errors.

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Question 3

Andre is looking out the window of a train speeding across the outskirts of a city. He notices that buildings close to the train appear to be moving faster than those in the distance as the train passes them. Andre is using the depth cue of ____.
A) aerial perspective
B) motion parallax
C) texture gradient
D) linear perspective

Accepted Answer

Motion parallax is the cue that allows Andre to perceive the closer buildings as moving faster than the distant buildings as they pass by his view from the window of the moving train. This is because closer objects move across the visual field faster than do more distant objects when the observer is in motion. Aerial perspective works by creating a bluish haze as objects recede into the distance, while linear perspective uses converging lines to give the impression of depth. Texture gradient works by showing a change in the detail in objects as they move into the distance.

Question 4

Joan is looking at a large field of flowers. Up close she can see individual flowers, but in the distance, they seem to blur together. Joan is using the depth cue of ____.
A) relative size
B) interposition
C) texture gradient
D) linear perspective

Accepted Answer

Texture gradient refers to the fact that objects appear to have more visible texture when they are closer and less texture when they are farther away. This is a depth cue that Joan may be using to perceive the blur of the field of flowers in the distance.

Question 5

Explain the relationship between the physical properties of sound and the psychological experience of sound.

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Question 6

Describe the similarities and differences between rods and cones.

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Question 7

Terry will not go to see movies in a theater because he is sure that subliminal messages displayed on the screen saying "Eat More Popcorn" or "Drink Cola" will trigger a high-calorie binge. Persuade Terry that his fears are unfounded.

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Question 8

Give two ways women differ from men in their visual processing abilities, and two ways men differ from women in visual processing. Explain why these differences might be advantageous for survival and/or functioning.

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Question 9

Suppose an ice cream manufacturer commissioned Dr. Mandisa, a flavor chemist, to develop an enhancement to their product line. The company wishes to improve Luscious Lemon Vanilla Vanity. What psychophysical concepts might Dr. Mandisa employ?

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Question 10

Tom is looking out the window at an airport boarding gate. He sees a number of 747s and interprets the smaller ones as being farther away than the larger ones. Tom is using ____.
A) relative size
B) interposition
C) texture gradient
D) linear perspective

Accepted Answer

Tom is using relative size, as he is interpreting the smaller planes as being farther away and the larger planes as being closer based on their relative size.

Question 11

Describe the moon illusion and explain why it occurs.

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Question 12

Maria is on the viewing deck of a tall building and notices that objects in the distance appear hazy in comparison to objects that are close. Maria is using the depth cue of ____.
A) aerial perspective
B) motion parallax
C) texture gradient
D) linear perspective

Accepted Answer

Aerial perspective is the depth cue that refers to the haziness or blurring of objects in the distance due to atmospheric conditions such as dust, moisture, or pollution. This causes distant objects to appear less vivid in color, contrast, and detail compared to objects that are close by. The other depth cues listed (motion parallax, texture gradient, and linear perspective) do not pertain to the clarity or haziness of distant objects.

Question 13

Identify and describe the two senses that make up our body senses.

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Question 14

Describe the chemical senses and how they differ from other sensory modalities.

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Question 15

Both Esmerelda and Oz are in their 60s, and find themselves arguing about how loud Oz is turning up the TV these days. A number of their friends remark that similar disagreements are happening in their own homes. What factors might contribute to this seeming epidemic of hearing loss amid our aging population?

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Question 16

Mischel is looking down a long, straight road and notices that, in the distance, the edges of the road appear to get closer together. Mischel is using the perceptual cue known as ____.
A) relative size
B) interposition
C) texture gradient
D) linear perspective

Accepted Answer

Linear perspective refers to the way parallel lines appear to converge as they get farther away, which creates the illusion of depth and distance. This perceptual cue is likely what Mischel is experiencing when she notices the edges of the road getting closer together in the distance.

Question 17

Describe and give examples of each of the Gestalt principles of perceptual organization.

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Question 18

Explain how binocular depth cues function to create depth perception.

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Question 19

Describe the concept of absolute threshold.

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Question 20

Describe how an artist can create the perception of depth on a flat canvas.

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Quiz 3: Sensation and Perception