Question 1

Biologic processes associated with aging may cause

Accepted Answer

Physical findings associated with aging include an increased ratio of adipose-to- muscle tissue.As the aging process occurs,skeletal muscle mass is reduced,causing a loss of approximately 40% by age 70 years.Skeletal muscle loss is not mandatory; it can be lessened with exercise.

Question 2

If an older adult is losing weight,his or her caloric intake is

Accepted Answer

Weight loss is associated with a caloric intake that is less than what is required for energy needs at the time.

Question 3

An older adult is most likely to have inadequate nutrient intake if he or she lives

Accepted Answer

Inadequate nutrient intake is more apparent in elderly people who live alone compared with those who have a companion to eat with and enjoy the food.

Question 4

Prescription and over-the-counter drugs can affect nutritional status because they

Accepted Answer

Medication use can affect overall nutritional status because many drugs affect appetite or the absorption of nutrients.

Question 5

The number of calories per day supplied as carbohydrate for older adults who require 2000 kcal per day would be

Accepted Answer

For the older adult,45% to 65% of total energy intake should be supplied as carbohydrate,with the majority being mostly complex carbohydrates.
2000 kcal divided by 45% to 65 % = 900 to 1300 calories per day.

Question 6

Each decade,basal energy needs decrease

Accepted Answer

Basal metabolic rate declines an average of 1% to 2% per decade of life.

Question 7

Making a choice to lose weight and manage one's cholesterol level is most characteristic of which of the following age groups?

Accepted Answer

Wellness,health promotion,and reduction of disease risks are becoming the focus of health care for the middle adult years.

Question 8

It may be advisable for an older adult to take a vitamin or mineral supplement

Accepted Answer

Supplements often are recommended for persons in debilitated states or who have malabsorption.

Question 9

The Older Americans Act provides home-delivered meals for those who

Accepted Answer

The Older Americans Act provides services to the elderly that include congregate and home-delivered meals with related education and food-service components.

Question 10

A 65-year-old patient's ideal body weight is 115 lbs and on the yearly physical for the past 2 years reveals a recorded weight of 121 lbs.The assessment for this patient would be which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The assessment is close to ideal body weight.Ongoing review of body mass index indicates that weight ranges in the older adult associated with longer life are not necessarily the "desirable" weights given,but weights 10% to 25% greater.Thus thin older adults,rather than those of moderate weight,have a reduced life expectancy.

Question 11

John is a 34-year-old who is active in his community coaching football.He was also recently promoted to a director level position at this job.John is in _____ adulthood.

Accepted Answer

Young adulthood is between the ages of 20 and 44 years.Physical maturity and independence are apparent with the ability to form new relationships,adopt new roles,and make many more choices regarding lifestyle.

Question 12

Congregate meals are most often served at a

Accepted Answer

Congregate meals are served in senior centers and other public or private community facilities.

Question 13

Diabetes is an example of a chronic disease most often appearing during

Accepted Answer

Early evidence of chronic disease appears in some middle-aged adults.

Question 14

The congregate meal for seniors is

Accepted Answer

Congregate meals provide the noon meal.

Question 15

The older adult's diet should include adequate carbohydrates to

Accepted Answer

The National Academy of Sciences has determined that an absolute minimum of 130 g/day of carbohydrates is necessary to maintain normal brain function for children and adults.

Question 16

Physiologic problems of older adults include

Accepted Answer

As a person ages,a decrease in the thirst mechanism occurs that can lead to inadequate fluid intake and resultant dehydration.The older adult also experiences a decrease in taste,smell,and vision,which affects food intake.

Question 17

Contributing factors for osteoporosis include

Accepted Answer

Contributing factors for osteoporosis include inadequate intakes of calcium and vitamin D,physical inactivity,smoking and alcohol use,thin build,certain medical conditions and medications.

Question 18

A 42-year-old who makes independent decisions regarding who to marry and what type of family is desired is considered to be making what type of choices?

Accepted Answer

Young adults between the ages of 20 and 44 years are independent in making choices regarding relationships,careers,jobs,marriage,and family.

Question 19

Energy requirements decrease as adults age because

Accepted Answer

Energy requirements decrease with the aging process because of the decrease in the number of functioning body cells and reduced physical activity.

Question 20

The Older Americans Act provides

Accepted Answer

The Older Americans Act provides congregate and home-delivered meals with related nutrition education and food-service components.

Quiz 12: Nutrition for Adults: the Early, Middle, and Later Years