Question 1

Which of the four management models is characterized by an emphasis on political adaptation, creative problem-solving, and change management with a climate that is innovative and flexible?
A)Rational Goal
B)Emotional Intelligence
C)Internal Process
D)Human Relations
E)Open Systems

Accepted Answer

The Open Systems model is characterized by an emphasis on political adaptation, creative problem-solving, and change management with a climate that is innovative and flexible. This model focuses on the organization's ability to adapt to its environment and continuously evolve to stay competitive. It also emphasizes flexibility, innovation, and the ability to manage change effectively. The other models, such as Rational Goal, Internal Process, and Human Relations, have different emphases and are not characterized by the same features as the Open Systems model.

Question 2

Which of the four management models is characterized by an emphasis on participation, conflict resolution, and a team-orientation?
A)Rational Goal
B)Emotional Intelligence
C)Internal Process
D)Human Relations
E)Open Systems

Accepted Answer

The management model that emphasizes participation, conflict resolution, and a team-orientation is the human relations model. This model focuses on building positive relationships among employees and between employees and management to increase job satisfaction and productivity.

Question 3

Which of the four management models would advocate that clear direction leads to productive outcomes?
A)Rational Goal
B)Emotional Intelligence
C)Internal Process
D)Human Relations
E)Open Systems

Accepted Answer

The Rational Goal management model emphasizes setting clear and specific goals, and then implementing strategies to achieve those goals. This model assumes that work can be measured, and that productivity can be improved by setting objectives and using efficient methods to reach them. Therefore, the Rational Goal model advocates that clear direction leads to productive outcomes.

Question 4

Dale Carnegie's book, How to Win Friends and Influence People, focused on the importance of understanding the needs and interests of others.It first became popular during the time of which management model?
A)Rational Goal
B)Emotional Intelligence
C)Internal Process
D)Human Relations
E)Open Systems

Accepted Answer

Dale Carnegie's book, How to Win Friends and Influence People, was published in 1936, which coincides with the era of the Human Relations management model. This model emphasized the importance of understanding and managing the psychological needs and emotions of employees in the workplace in order to improve productivity and job satisfaction. Carnegie's book was highly influential in this context, as it provided practical advice for building positive relationships and managing interpersonal dynamics.

Question 5

Assume your boss asks you to create a spreadsheet to evaluate the key variables that early contingency theories suggested were important for determining the appropriateness of managerial actions. Which variables would you need to include in the spreadsheet?
A)Size of the organization, how customized the technology is, how turbulent/predictable the environment is, and what kind of individuals are employed by the organization
B)Size of the organization, how customized the technology is, whether or not the organization operates globally, and the degree of political unrest in the environment
C)Complexity of government regulations, stability of the environment, and interdependence across divisions of the organization
D)Age of the organization, size of the industry, barriers to entry due to high capital requirements, and how customized the technology is
E)Age of the organization, how customized the technology is, what type of products the organization sells, and how employees are compensated

Accepted Answer

The variables mentioned in option A are the key variables suggested by early contingency theories, including organization size, customized technology, environmental turbulence/predictability, and employee characteristics. Option B includes variables that may be important, but are not as critical to determining the appropriateness of managerial actions. Option C focuses on government regulations and internal factors rather than external factors, and option D includes variables that are not as relevant for contingency theories. Option E includes variables that are not as critical to determining the appropriateness of managerial actions as those in option A.

Question 6

Which model is symbolized by the dollar sign?
A)Rational Goal
B)Emotional Intelligence
C)Internal Process
D)Human Relations
E)Open Systems

Accepted Answer

The Rational Goal model emphasizes achieving specific goals and outcomes, often with a focus on efficiency and maximizing profit, which aligns with the symbol of the dollar sign.

Question 7

Which model uses stability and continuity as its criteria of effectiveness?
A)Rational Goal
B)Emotional Intelligence
C)Internal Process
D)Human Relations
E)Open Systems

Accepted Answer

The Internal Process model focuses on stability and continuity as its criteria for effectiveness. This model emphasizes the importance of maintaining internal balance and control within an organization, rather than focusing on external goals or relationships. As such, the stability and continuity of the organization are used as a measure of its success.

Question 8

What is meant by "unity of command" in Fayol's General Principles of management?
A)Each group of activities having one objective should have one plan
B)Leaders of the organization should agree on a single mission
C)An employee should receive orders from one superior only
D)Union is strength, and it comes from the harmony of the personnel
E)Agreement is necessary for effective organizational performance

Accepted Answer

Unity of command means that each employee should receive orders from only one superior. This helps avoid confusion, conflicts and ensures clarity in the chain of command. It also ensures that an employee is accountable to only one superior, resulting in better coordination and faster decision-making.

Question 9

The competing values framework is composed of a horizontal axis which ranges from _____ to External, an a vertical axis which ranges from Flexibility to _____>
A)Control, Internal
B)Maintenance, Adaptation
C)Internal, Control
D)People, Process
E)Outside, Adaptation

Accepted Answer

The horizontal axis of the competing values framework ranges from Internal to External, while the vertical axis ranges from Flexibility to Control. Option A is incorrect because it has Control as the second endpoint, whereas it should be Internal. Option B is incorrect because it has Maintenance and Adaptation as endpoints, which are not part of the framework. Option D is incorrect because it has People and Process as endpoints, which are not part of the framework. Option E is incorrect because it has Outside and Adaptation as endpoints, which are not part of the framework.

Question 10

Which model is symbolized by a circle?
A)Rational Goal
B)Emotional Intelligence
C)Internal Process
D)Human Relations
E)Open Systems

Accepted Answer

The Human Relations model is often symbolized by a circle to represent the emphasis on interpersonal relationships, teamwork, and employee satisfaction and motivation within an organization.

Question 11

When management researchers talk about developing a management "model," what do they mean by a model?
A)A representation of a more complex reality
B)A set of beliefs about what a manager should do
C)A way to communicate ideas about and better understand phenomena in the real world
D)All of these explanations are consistent with what management researches mean by a model
E)None of these explanations is consistent with what management researches mean by a model

Accepted Answer

A management model is a simplified representation of a more complex reality that includes a set of beliefs about what a manager should do. It is used as a way to communicate ideas about and better understand phenomena in the real world. Therefore, all of the given explanations are consistent with what management researchers mean by a model.

Question 12

What factors influenced the development of early management models such as the rational goal model and the internal process model?
A)Shortages of employees, globalization, and heavy government regulation
B)Rich resources, cheap labor, and laissez-faire policies
C)An emphasis on protecting individual rights and protecting the environment
D)Economic hard times, high unemployment, and strong anti-trust regulations
E)None of these factors influenced the development of early management models such as the rational goal model and internal process model

Accepted Answer

Early management models such as the rational goal model and the internal process model were influenced by a variety of factors including rich resources, cheap labor, and laissez-faire policies. This allowed companies to focus on maximizing efficiency and minimizing costs, leading to the development of management models that emphasized rational decision-making processes and the efficient use of resources.

Question 13

Which model uses adaptability and external support as its criteria of effectiveness?
A)Rational Goal
B)Emotional Intelligence
C)Internal Process
D)Human Relations
E)Open Systems

Accepted Answer

The Open Systems model emphasizes the importance of adaptability and the ability to respond to changes in the external environment. It also recognizes the significance of external support and resources in achieving organizational effectiveness. The other models do not specifically include these criteria as essential components of effectiveness.

Question 14

According to your text, managers today must learn to transcend paradox.What is a paradox?
A)A representation of a more complex reality
B)A set of beliefs about what a manager should do
C)A situation where two seemingly inconsistent ideas are both true
D)All of these explanations are consistent with the concept of a management paradox
E)None of these.

Accepted Answer

A paradox is a situation where two seemingly inconsistent ideas or concepts are both true. In the context of management, this means that managers must be able to navigate and balance conflicting priorities, such as cost-cutting and innovation or short-term and long-term goals. To be effective, managers must learn to transcend these paradoxes and find ways to embrace both perspectives.

Question 15

Why is it difficult for people to change their existing models of management?
A)They are rarely in situations where their existing models of management fail to work as expected
B)They are almost always rewarded for behaving in ways that are consistent with their existing management models
C)There are no sources of information available to them about alternative management models
D)There are no real differences in management models, so there is no reason for them to change their existing management model
E)Their identities and emotions are too closely tied with the management models they have used in the past

Accepted Answer

Their identities and emotions are too closely tied with the management models they have used in the past.

Question 16

Which of Fayol's principles required that employees must receive a fair wage for services rendered?
A)Remuneration of personnel
B)Subordination of individual interest to general interest
C)Scalar chain
D)Stability of tenure of personnel
E)Authority and responsibility

Accepted Answer

Fayol's principle of "Remuneration of personnel" focuses on the fair compensation of employees for their services rendered. This principle emphasizes the importance of attracting and retaining the best employees by offering them fair wages and providing incentives to motivate their performance.

Question 17

All of the following are included in Taylor's four principles of management except?
A)Develop a science for every job to replace old rule-of-thumb methods
B)Systematically select workers so that they fit the job, and then train them effectively
C)Closely monitor employees to make sure that they are following the science for their job
D)Support workers by carefully planning their work and smoothing the way as they do their jobs
E)Offer incentives so that workers behave in accordance with the science of the job

Accepted Answer

Closely monitoring employees is not included in Taylor's four principles of management.

Question 18

All of the following are characteristics of a bureaucracy except?
A)Division of labor is used to increase efficiency
B)Hierarchy is used to clarify lines of authority
C)Personnel are selected and promoted based on social skills and relationships
D)Standard rules and procedures are used to create consistency
E)Administrative decisions are recorded in writing and maintained over time

Accepted Answer

Personnel in a bureaucracy are typically selected and promoted based on merit and qualifications, not social skills and relationships.

Question 19

Which of the four management models would advocate that routinization leads to stability?
A)Rational Goal
B)Emotional Intelligence
C)Internal Process
D)Human Relations
E)Open Systems

Accepted Answer

The Internal Process model focuses on stability, control, and efficiency, and recognizes the importance of routinization to achieve these goals. This model emphasizes standard operating procedures, rules, and regulations.

Question 20

Which management model was most strongly influenced by ever-more rapid technological advances?
A)Rational Goal
B)Emotional Intelligence
C)Internal Process
D)Human Relations
E)Open Systems

Accepted Answer

The Open Systems management model emphasizes the importance of adapting to changes in the external environment, including rapid technological advances. This model recognizes that organizations are dynamic and constantly evolving, and that they must be able to respond quickly and effectively to changes in the marketplace and the broader economy. Therefore, the Open Systems approach is particularly relevant in today's fast-paced, technologically-intensive business environment.

Quiz 1: The Competing Values Approach to Management

Which of the four management models is characterized by an emphasis on political adaptation, creative problem-solving, and change management with a climate that is innovative and flexible?

Which of the four management models is characterized by an emphasis on participation, conflict resolution, and a team-orientation?

Which of the four management models would advocate that clear direction leads to productive outcomes?

Dale Carnegie's book, How to Win Friends and Influence People, focused on the importance of understanding the needs and interests of others.It first became popular during the time of which management model?

Assume your boss asks you to create a spreadsheet to evaluate the key variables that early contingency theories suggested were important for determining the appropriateness of managerial actions. Which variables would you need to include in the spreadsheet?

Which model is symbolized by the dollar sign?

Which model uses stability and continuity as its criteria of effectiveness?

What is meant by "unity of command" in Fayol's General Principles of management?

The competing values framework is composed of a horizontal axis which ranges from _ to External, an a vertical axis which ranges from Flexibility to _>

Which model is symbolized by a circle?

When management researchers talk about developing a management "model," what do they mean by a model?

What factors influenced the development of early management models such as the rational goal model and the internal process model?

Which model uses adaptability and external support as its criteria of effectiveness?

According to your text, managers today must learn to transcend paradox.What is a paradox?

Why is it difficult for people to change their existing models of management?

Which of Fayol's principles required that employees must receive a fair wage for services rendered?

All of the following are included in Taylor's four principles of management except?

All of the following are characteristics of a bureaucracy except?

Which of the four management models would advocate that routinization leads to stability?

Which management model was most strongly influenced by ever-more rapid technological advances?