Question 1

As a pragmatist,Mary Parker Follett was most interested in which component of communication?

Accepted Answer

Mary Parker Follett was most interested in the process of relating in communication. As a pragmatist, she believed that communication was not just about exchanging information but also about creating a shared understanding and finding solutions to problems through this process of relating.

Question 2

Many companies hold a company picnic or "fun day" for employees and their families to thank their employees and to offer a social environment for families to interact.This practice is most closely related to which of the following theories of effective management?

Accepted Answer

The human relations theory emphasizes the importance of social relationships in the workplace and values the satisfaction and well-being of employees. Holding a company picnic or "fun day" aligns with this theory by creating a social environment for families to interact and promoting employee satisfaction and well-being.

Question 3

Mary Parker Follett argued that in exercising power or giving orders,one's authority arises out of the needs of the situation.She called this concept:

Accepted Answer

Mary Parker Follett called this concept the "law of the situation." She believed that authority and power should arise from the needs of the situation, rather than being assigned to specific individuals based on their status or position. In other words, people should be recognized as leaders or authorities when they take actions that help to address the needs and challenges of a given situation.

Question 4

At the College Café,managers make decisions without employee input and motivate employees to abide by these decisions and resultant rules by threatening to fire them if they don't.Rensis Likert would classify this organization as:

Accepted Answer

The College Café management style of making decisions without employee input and motivating them through threats of firing is characteristic of the exploitive-authoritative style identified by Rensis Likert. This style is characterized by a top-down communication approach with little or no employee input, a focus on rules and regulations, and a coercive approach to motivating employees.

Question 5

The principal architect of the human relations movement was:

Accepted Answer

Elton Mayo is considered the principal architect of the human relations movement. He conducted the famous Hawthorne Studies at Western Electric Company in the 1920s, which revealed the importance of social and psychological factors in the workplace and led to the development of the human relations approach. While the other individuals listed also made significant contributions to the field of management, they did not play as central a role in the creation of the human relations movement as Mayo did.

Question 6

Explanations about the disappearance of Mary Parker Follett from early management theory include the fact(s)that:

Accepted Answer

Mary Parker Follett's disappearance from early management theory can be attributed to multiple factors, including the fact that she was a woman in a male-dominated field, her writings were considered too rich and complex for some, and she strongly believed in grassroots participation rather than top-down authority.

Question 7

Which of the following assumes that organizations are at their best when they create cooperative,conflict-free worker-manager relations?

Accepted Answer

Human Relations Theory assumes that a positive and cooperative relationship between workers and managers leads to improved organizational performance and productivity.

Question 8

The group who believed that administrative elites should take the lead in industrial development because the masses could not be trusted to make objective decisions were called:

Accepted Answer

Realist democrats believed that administrative elites should take the lead in industrial development because the masses could not be trusted to make objective decisions.

Question 9

It has been argued that the ideology of the researchers associated with the Hawthorne studies is reflected in the interpretation of the data.This ideology includes the idea(s)that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of It has been argued that the ideology...

Question 10

The mantra for the human relations movement was:

Accepted Answer

The mantra for the human relations movement was "A happy worker is a productive worker", which emphasized the importance of employee satisfaction and well-being in the workplace. This idea was a departure from the previous focus on maximizing efficiency and productivity through scientific management methods. The human relations movement believed that by creating a positive work environment, employers could increase employee motivation and ultimately achieve better results.

Question 11

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)programs focus on positive social and environmental impacts of the company.They function,at least in part,as an attempt to encourage the employees that their work is meaningful,and thus tap into their higher-order needs.This function of CSR is most closely associated with:

Accepted Answer

This function of CSR, which focuses on encouraging employees to see their work as meaningful, is most closely associated with human resource management. This approach aims to promote employee engagement, motivation, and morale by highlighting the positive social and environmental impacts of the company and its products or services. By doing so, CSR programs can help foster a sense of pride and purpose among employees, which can lead to higher job satisfaction and better overall performance.

Question 12

In a particular college class,the instructor communicates to the students what is expected of them in order to receive good grades (which can be conceived of as either rewards or threats).Although it is a small class,and he is open to comments and questions from the students,he is ultimately responsible for setting class goals and expects his students to follow his directions.If we consider this class an organization,Rensis Likert would classify the leadership as:

Accepted Answer

The leadership style described is "benevolent-authoritative" because the instructor sets the goals and expects students to follow directions, but is open to comments and questions, indicating a degree of concern for students' input.

Question 13

The head coach of the football team threatens and coerces his players in order to bring out their best.He assumes that the players will avoid work and responsibility unless he forces them to do otherwise.His assumptions are based on which philosophy of management control?

Accepted Answer

The coach's behavior and assumptions align with Theory X, which assumes that people are inherently lazy and will only work if they are threatened or coerced.

Question 14

The purpose of the interview program associated with the Hawthorne studies was:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The purpose of the interview program associated...

Question 15

The Hawthorne Studies were a catalyst for studies in all of the following areas,except:

Accepted Answer

The Hawthorne Studies focused on workplace productivity and the impact of lighting and work conditions on productivity. They were not related to gender inequality, so choice A is the correct answer. The studies did, however, lead to important research in the areas of leadership, organizations as systems, and small-group relations.

Question 16

In today's world,there continue to be differing views on the purpose of business in society.Of the following views,which is most like Mary Parker Follett's belief about organizations?

Accepted Answer

Mary Parker Follett believed in the importance of organizations as a means for individuals to work together towards a common goal and to develop their potential. This view aligns with choice C, which states that a business organization should exist to enable people to reach their potential as citizens and community members.

Question 17

All of the following were factors that played a role in the development of the human relations school,except:

Accepted Answer

The decreasing gap between rich and poor was not a factor in the development of the human relations school. The other options were relevant as they highlighted issues in the workplace and society that the human relations school aimed to address.

Question 18

One of the earliest examples of qualitative,naturalistic research in the workplace was:

Accepted Answer

The Bank Wiring Observation Room Study conducted by sociologists Elton Mayo, Fritz Roethlisberger, and William Dickson in the 1920s is considered one of the earliest and most influential examples of qualitative, naturalistic research in the workplace. The study involved observing and interviewing workers in a bank wiring room to understand the social and psychological factors that influence productivity and job satisfaction. This study paved the way for other human relations research in the workplace. The Illumination Studies and Relay Assembly Test Room Studies were more experimental and quantitative in nature, while the Interview Program is not a well-known example of early workplace research.

Question 19

Elton Mayo proposed that the solution to industrial and societal ills was to be found in the application of psychological principles to the transformation of whose attitudes?

Accepted Answer

Elton Mayo's theory of human relations suggested that the transformation of workers' attitudes was the key to solving industrial and societal issues. He believed that applying psychological principles would improve workers' satisfaction and productivity, leading to improved organizational performance. Therefore, the correct answer is option C - Workers.

Question 20

Elton Mayo argued that the experience of the average industrial worker ran parallel to the experience of:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Elton Mayo argued that the experience of...

Quiz 4: The Human Relations School