Question 1

Hans Selye introduced the model of stress reaction called the general adaptation syndrome (GAS).Selye was convinced that reactions to stressful situations:

Accepted Answer

Selye believed that stress reactions were general and nonspecific, meaning that the body's response to stressors was consistent regardless of the specific type of stressor or the individual experiencing the stress.

Question 2

With which stage of the general adaptation syndrome is the flight-or-fight response associated?

Accepted Answer

The flight-or-fight response is associated with the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome, which is the initial stage where the body recognizes a stressor and activates the sympathetic nervous system, leading to the release of adrenaline and other stress hormones.

Question 3

The second stage of the general adaptation syndrome is:

Accepted Answer

The second stage of the general adaptation syndrome is known as resistance. During this stage, the body attempts to adapt to the stressor and restore physiological functions to normal levels. This involves continued activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system, leading to the release of cortisol, adrenaline, and other stress hormones. The body also attempts to repair any damage caused by the stressor during this stage.

Question 4

During the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome, a person will experience:

Accepted Answer

The alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by a fight-or-flight response, where the body prepares itself to either deal with the stressor or to escape from it. This response involves the release of stress hormones, activation of the sympathetic nervous system, and increased heart rate and respiration.

Question 5

Stress involves any circumstances that:

Accepted Answer

Stress is defined as any circumstances that threaten one's well-being, such as experiencing unexpected negative events, having to make difficult decisions, or facing prolonged physical or emotional demands. In these instances, an individual's ability to cope is taxed, leading to physical and psychological responses such as increased heart rate, blood pressure, and anxiety. Therefore, the best choice is D.

Question 6

The text defines stress as:

Accepted Answer

The text defines stress as the physical and psychological reactions people have to demanding situations. This includes changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and other physiological responses, as well as emotional and cognitive responses such as anxiety, frustration, and difficulty concentrating. Therefore, option D is the best choice.

Question 7

For his doctoral thesis, Darrell is doing research on factors that make it less likely people will exercise and eat properly, and the types of programs that will increase the likelihood people will begin exercising and eating right.Darrell is most likely studying:

Accepted Answer

Darrell is studying factors that impact health behaviors such as exercise and healthy eating habits, which falls under the purview of health psychology. The other choices are not as relevant to studying health behaviors.

Question 8

Hans Selye proposed the:

Accepted Answer

Hans Selye proposed the General Adaptation Syndrome, which is a model describing the body's physiological response to stress. This model consists of three stages: the alarm stage, resistance stage, and exhaustion stage. Selye's research on stress and its effect on the body laid the foundation for the modern understanding of stress and its impact on health.

Question 9

The general adaptation syndrome was proposed by:

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome was proposed by Hans Selye, a Canadian endocrinologist, in the 1930s. It describes the body's response to chronic stress and consists of three stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.

Question 10

The study of how biological, psychological, environmental, and cultural factors are involved in physical health and the prevention of illness is called:

Accepted Answer

Health psychology specifically focuses on the relationships between biological, psychological, environmental, and cultural factors and physical health, including the prevention of illness. Abnormal psychology involves the study of mental health disorders, counseling psychology involves helping individuals cope with life's challenges, and biopsychology studies the connections between biology and behavior.

Question 11

During the alarm reaction of the general activation syndrome (GAS), the:

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system becomes activated during the alarm reaction of the general activation syndrome (GAS). This leads to the "fight or flight" response, which prepares the body to respond to a threat or stressor.

Question 12

The first stage of the general adaptation syndrome is:

Accepted Answer

The first stage of the general adaptation syndrome is called the alarm stage, which is characterized by the body's initial response to stress. This stage is triggered by the perception of a stressor, and it activates the body's fight-or-flight response. Symptoms of this stage include increased heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration, as well as release of stress hormones such as cortisol and adrenaline.

Question 13

According to the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), described by Selye, the appearance of a threat in the environment will trigger:

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome, as described by Selye, consists of three stages: alarm reaction, resistance reaction, and exhaustion. The first stage is the alarm reaction, which is triggered by the appearance of a threat in the environment. This stage involves a physiological response in which the body prepares to fight or flee from the threat. Therefore, choice A is the best answer. Choice B refers to the second stage, resistance reaction, which involves adapting to the stressor and trying to restore the body to its normal state. Choice C refers to the third stage, exhaustion, which occurs if the stressor persists for a long time and the body's resources are depleted. Choice D refers to the psychological experience of stress, which is not one of the stages in Selye's model.

Question 14

The third stage of the general adaptation syndrome is:

Accepted Answer

The third stage of the general adaptation syndrome is exhaustion, where the body's ability to cope with stress has been depleted, resulting in physical and emotional exhaustion. It can lead to a range of health problems, including a weakened immune system, chronic fatigue, and mental health issues.

Question 15

In the general activation syndrome (GAS), described by Selye, the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system first becomes activated during:

Accepted Answer

According to Selye's GAS model, during the alarm reaction, the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system becomes activated as part of the immediate stress response. This is characterized by the release of stress hormones such as adrenaline, increased heart rate and blood pressure, and other physiological changes associated with the fight or flight response.

Question 16

How many stages are there in the general adaptation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome has three stages: alarm reaction, resistance, and exhaustion.

Question 17

The three stages or phases in the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), described by Selye, are:

Accepted Answer

Selye's general adaptation syndrome (GAS) involves three stages or phases; alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. In the alarm stage, the body reacts to a stressor with the fight or flight response. The resistance stage involves the body adapting to the stressor and attempting to restore balance. If the stressor persists, the body enters the exhaustion stage, in which its resources become depleted and it becomes susceptible to various diseases and illnesses.

Question 18

For her doctoral thesis, Alex is doing research on factors that make it less likely people will get an annual flu shot, and the types of programs that will increase the likelihood people will get their shots.Alex is most likely studying:

Accepted Answer

The focus of Alex's research on understanding factors that impact people's likelihood of getting an annual flu shot and increasing the likelihood of compliance suggests that she is studying health psychology, which is the study of how biological, psychological, and social factors impact health and illness behaviors. Abnormal psychology typically focuses on understanding and treating abnormal behavior and mental illness, while counseling psychology focuses on providing therapeutic interventions and support to individuals. Biopsychology involves the study of the relationship between the brain and behavior.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT among the three stages or phases in the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), described by Selye?

Accepted Answer

The three stages of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) described by Selye are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. Agitation is not a part of this model.

Question 20

The physiological reaction to an environmental threat, in which the autonomic nervous system energizes the body and hormones are released by the endocrine system, is called:

Accepted Answer

The fight-or-flight response is a well-known physiological reaction to environmental threat, in which the autonomic nervous system activates the body to respond to the challenge or escape from it. This response involves the release of hormones by the endocrine system, such as adrenaline and cortisol, which increase heart rate, blood pressure, and glucose levels to provide energy to the muscles and brain. This response has evolved as a survival mechanism to deal with potential danger or harm.

Quiz 16: Stress and Health

Hans Selye introduced the model of stress reaction called the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) .Selye was convinced that reactions to stressful situations: