Question 1

An AP axial chest projection (lordotic position) with accurate positioning demonstrates
1)the medial ends of the clavicles projected superior to the lung apices.
2)the lateral borders of the scapulae within the lung field.
3)equal distances from the vertebral column to the SC joints.
4)almost horizontal posterior and anterior portions of the first through fourth ribs.

Accepted Answer

An AP axial chest projection (lordotic position) accurately demonstrates the medial ends of the clavicles projected above the lung apices (1), equal distances from the vertebral column to the SC joints indicating proper alignment (3), and almost horizontal posterior and anterior portions of the first through fourth ribs (4). The lateral borders of the scapulae should not be within the lung fields for a well-positioned chest x-ray, which is why option 2 is incorrect.

Question 2

Which positioning problem(s) listed result(s) in an AP-PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position) with the manubrium and the fifth thoracic vertebra located at the same level?
1)A patient rotated into an RPO position
2)An AP projection obtained with the upper midcoronal plane tilted away from the IR
3)A PA projection obtained with the upper midcoronal plane tilted toward the IR
4)An AP projection obtained with the central ray angled cephalically

Accepted Answer

Option 2 describes a rotation issue, while options 2 and 3 describe tilt problems. These positioning errors can result in the manubrium and fifth thoracic vertebra being at the same level in the AP-PA chest projection. Option 4 does not affect the positioning of the manubrium and the fifth thoracic vertebra.

Question 3

For a PA oblique chest projection,
1)the patient is rotated until the midsagittal plane is aligned 45 degrees with the IR.
2)there is twice as much lung field demonstrated on one side of the vertebral column as on the opposite side.
3)10 or 11 posterior ribs are demonstrated above the hemidiaphragm.
4)the apices, costophrenic angles, and lateral chest walls are included on the image.

Accepted Answer

For a PA oblique chest projection, there should be twice as much lung field on one side of the vertebral column as on the opposite side, 10 or 11 posterior ribs above the hemidiaphragm, and the apices, costophrenic angles, and lateral chest walls should be included.

Question 4

A PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position) demonstrates
1)the C6-C7 vertebral bodies without distortion.
2)the manubrium superimposed over the fourth vertebral body.
3)a closed C6-C7 intervertebral disk space.
4)clearly shown C6-C7 spinous processes and laminae.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position)...

Question 5

A supine AP abdomen projection with accurate positioning demonstrates the
1)outline of the psoas major muscles and kidneys.
2)symphysis pubis.
3)spinous processes aligned with the midline of the vertebral bodies.
4)long axis of the vertebral column aligned with the long axis of the collimated field.

Accepted Answer

An accurate supine AP abdomen projection should demonstrate the outline of the psoas major muscles and kidneys, the symphysis pubis, the spinous processes aligned with the midline of the vertebral bodies, and the long axis of the vertebral column aligned with the long axis of the collimated field. These criteria ensure that the abdomen is properly visualized and that the positioning is correct.

Question 6

An AP chest projection obtained with the patient rotated into an RPO position demonstrates
1)the left SC joint superimposed over the vertebral column.
2)the left posterior ribs with greater length than the right posterior ribs.
3)a manubrium superimposed over the fourth thoracic vertebra.
4)elevated lateral clavicular ends.

Accepted Answer

1) the left SC joint superimposed over the vertebral column.3) a manubrium superimposed over the fourth thoracic vertebra.

Question 7

A right PA oblique chest projection (RAO position) with poor positioning demonstrates almost equal lung fields on both sides of the vertebral column and nine posterior ribs above the diaphragm. How could the positioning setup be adjusted for an optimal image to be obtained?
1)Take the exposure after the second full inspiration.
2)Increase the degree of patient obliquity.
3)Decrease the degree of patient obliquity.
4)Move the IR and central ray inferiorly.

Accepted Answer

The image shows poor obliquity, as the lung fields are almost equal. Increasing the degree of patient obliquity will enhance the separation of the lung fields. Taking the exposure after the second full inspiration ensures maximum lung expansion and optimal visualization of the lung fields.

Question 8

For an AP-PA chest projection (right lateral position), the
1)shoulders and the posterior ribs are positioned perpendicular to the cart.
2)humeri are positioned at a 90-degree angle with the IR.
3)midcoronal plane is aligned perpendicular to the IR.
4)patient is elevated on a radiolucent sponge or cardiac board.

Accepted Answer

1) The shoulders and the posterior ribs are positioned perpendicular to the cart.4) The patient is elevated on a radiolucent sponge or cardiac board.

Question 9

A left PA 60-degree oblique chest projection (LAO position)
1)demonstrates the heart shadow to the right of the vertebral column.
2)is obtained to evaluate the size and configuration of the heart shadow.
3)best demonstrates the left lung.
4)demonstrates three times as much lung field on one side of the vertebral column as on the opposite side.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A left PA 60-degree oblique chest projection...

Question 10

How much should the technique be adjusted from the routine for an AP abdomen projection in a patient who has a large amount of bowel gas?
1)Increase the mAs 30% to 50%.
2)Decrease the mAs 30% to 50%.
3)Increase the kVp 5% to 8%.
4)Decrease the kVp 5% to 8%.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How much should the technique be adjusted...

Question 11

For an upright AP abdomen projection, the
1)ASISs are positioned at equal distances from the IR.
2)patient remains in an upright position at least 5 to 20 minutes before the image is obtained.
3)symphysis pubis should be included.
4)patient is instructed to take a deep inspiration before the image is obtained.

Accepted Answer

The ASISs should be equidistant from the IR to ensure no rotation, and the patient should remain upright for 5 to 20 minutes to allow air-fluid levels to settle.

Question 12

Voluntary motion can
1)result from patient breathing.
2)be controlled by using a short exposure time.
3)result from peristaltic activity.
4)be identified as sharp bony cortices and blurry gastric and intestinal gases.

Accepted Answer

Voluntary motion is under the control of the patient, such as movement due to breathing, which can be minimized by instructing the patient to hold their breath during exposure. Using a short exposure time can also help control or minimize the effects of voluntary motion by reducing the chance for the patient to move during the image capture.

Question 13

A right PA oblique chest projection (RAO position) corresponds with which AP oblique projection?

Accepted Answer

In radiographic positioning, the RAO (Right Anterior Oblique) position for a chest projection corresponds to the LPO (Left Posterior Oblique) position. This is because in both positions, the left side of the chest is closer to the image receptor, allowing for similar visualization of anatomical structures.

Question 14

An AP axial chest projection (lordotic position) with poor positioning demonstrates the clavicles within the lung apices. How should the positioning setup be adjusted for an optimal image to be obtained?
1)Increase the degree of cephalic central ray angulation.
2)Anteriorly rotate the elbows and shoulders.
3)Arch the patient's back more, increasing the midcoronal plane to IR angle.
4)Position the patient's feet closer to the IR.

Accepted Answer

1) Increasing the degree of cephalic angulation will move the clavicles down and out of the lung apices.
3) Arching the patient's back more will increase the distance between the clavicles and the lung apices.

Option 2 (Anteriorly rotate the elbows and shoulders) is incorrect because it would not affect the position of the clavicles within the lung apices.
Option 4 (Position the patient's feet closer to the IR) is incorrect because it would not affect the position of the clavicles within the lung apices.

Question 15

For an AP axial chest projection (lordotic position),
1)the shoulders are positioned at equal distances from the IR.
2)the patient's back is arched until the midcoronal plane and IR form a 45-degree angle.
3)a 15-degree cephalad central ray angulation is used if the patient is standing erect.
4)the elbows and shoulders are rotated anteriorly.

Accepted Answer

For an AP axial chest projection in the lordotic position, the shoulders should be positioned at equal distances from the image receptor (IR) to ensure symmetry, and the patient's back is arched to position the midcoronal plane at a 45-degree angle to the IR, which helps to project the clavicles above the apices of the lungs. The elbows and shoulders are rotated anteriorly to move the scapulae out of the lung fields. A 15-degree cephalad central ray angulation is not used in this position; instead, it's a technique adjustment for when the patient cannot assume the lordotic position, and it's not part of the standard lordotic positioning.

Question 16

An AP chest projection (lateral decubitus position) obtained with the patient in an RPO position demonstrates
1)the right SC joint without vertebral column superimposition.
2)9 or 10 posterior ribs above the diaphragm.
3)the manubrium superimposed over the fifth thoracic vertebra.
4)the left posterior ribs with greater length than the right posterior ribs.

Accepted Answer

1) the right SC joint without vertebral column superimposition.2) 9 or 10 posterior ribs above the diaphragm.

Question 17

Which side of the patient is positioned against the imaging table or cart for an AP-PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position) to rule out a left side pleural effusion?

Accepted Answer

In a lateral decubitus position, the patient lies on their side with the affected side down. To rule out a left side pleural effusion, the patient's left side should be positioned against the imaging table or cart for the AP-PA chest projection.

Question 18

An AP-PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position) with accurate positioning demonstrates
1)a marker indicating the side of the patient adjacent to the cart.
2)equal posterior rib length on both sides of the chest.
3)the manubrium at the fifth thoracic vertebra.
4)nine or ten posterior ribs above the diaphragm.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An AP-PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position)...

Question 19

A supine AP abdomen projection obtained with the patient in an LPO position demonstrates
1)the sacrum and coccyx aligned with the symphysis pubis.
2)a distance from the pedicles to the spinous processes that is narrower on the right side than on the left side.
3)the sacrum rotated toward the patient's right side.
4)the symphysis pubis rotated toward the patient's right side.

Accepted Answer

In an LPO position, the patient's left side is elevated, causing the sacrum to rotate toward the right side and the distance from the pedicles to the spinous processes to be narrower on the right side.

Question 20

Which side of the patient is positioned against the imaging table or cart for an AP-PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position) to rule out a right side pneumothorax?

Accepted Answer

In a lateral decubitus position, the patient lies on their side with the affected side against the imaging table or cart. To rule out a right side pneumothorax, the patient would be positioned with their left side against the table/cart for the AP-PA chest projection.

Quiz 3: Image Analysis of the Chest and Abdomen

A PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position) demonstrates 1) the C6-C7 vertebral bodies without distortion. 2) the manubrium superimposed over the fourth vertebral body. 3) a closed C6-C7 intervertebral disk space. 4) clearly shown C6-C7 spinous processes and laminae.

How much should the technique be adjusted from the routine for an AP abdomen projection in a patient who has a large amount of bowel gas? 1) Increase the mAs 30% to 50%. 2) Decrease the mAs 30% to 50%. 3) Increase the kVp 5% to 8%. 4) Decrease the kVp 5% to 8%.

Voluntary motion can 1) result from patient breathing. 2) be controlled by using a short exposure time. 3) result from peristaltic activity. 4) be identified as sharp bony cortices and blurry gastric and intestinal gases.

A right PA oblique chest projection (RAO position) corresponds with which AP oblique projection?

Which side of the patient is positioned against the imaging table or cart for an AP-PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position) to rule out a left side pleural effusion?

Which side of the patient is positioned against the imaging table or cart for an AP-PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position) to rule out a right side pneumothorax?