Question 1

Mothers who breast-feed their children will lose a percentage of calcium from their bones. Which hormone is responsible for raising blood calcium levels when they drop below homeostatic levels?
A) calcitonin
B) parathyroid hormone (PTH)
C) insulin
D) growth hormone

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is responsible for raising blood calcium levels when they drop below homeostatic levels. PTH stimulates the release of calcium from bones, promotes reabsorption of calcium by the kidneys, and increases absorption of calcium from the intestines. This helps to maintain normal blood calcium levels.

Question 2

From superior to inferior, what is the correct order of the vertebrae?
A) lumbar, thoracic, cervical
B) cervical, lumbar, thoracic
C) cervical, thoracic, lumbar
D) sacral, cervical, lumbar

Accepted Answer

The correct order of the vertebrae from superior to inferior is cervical, thoracic, lumbar. Therefore, option C is the correct choice. Option A is incorrect as it starts with lumbar instead of cervical. Option B is incorrect as it starts with cervical but then jumps to lumbar before thoracic. Option D is incorrect as it starts with sacral, which is actually part of the sacrum and not one of the individual vertebrae.

Question 3

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following:
 
-The periosteum, a connective tissue covering on the diaphysis, is represented by ________.
A) Label C
B) Label A
C) Label G
D) Label B
E) Label F

Accepted Answer

E

Question 4

An incomplete bone break, known as a(n) ________ fracture, is commonly seen in children.
A) spiral
B) greenstick
C) impacted
D) comminuted

Accepted Answer

A greenstick fracture is an incomplete break in a bone that commonly occurs in children because their bones are more pliable than those of adults.

Question 5

Two or more bones meet at a location called a(n) ________.
A) fracture
B) hematoma
C) articulation (joint)
D) marrow cavity

Accepted Answer

An articulation or joint is where two or more bones come together. A fracture refers to a break in a bone, a hematoma is a collection of blood outside of blood vessels, and a marrow cavity is a space within a bone that contains bone marrow.

Question 6

The head of the humerus fits into the ________ of the scapula.
A) acromion process
B) glenoid cavity
C) suprascapula notch
D) coracoid process

Accepted Answer

The head of the humerus fits into the glenoid cavity of the scapula. The acromion process, suprascapula notch, and coracoid process are all bony landmarks of the scapula but do not articulate with the head of the humerus.

Question 7

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following:
 
-The diaphysis is indicated by ________.
A) Label D
B) Label C
C) Label G
D) Label A
E) Label H

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using Figure 5.1, identify the following:
 
-The...

Question 8

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following:
 
-The proximal epiphysis is represented by ________.
A) Label H
B) Label C
C) Label A
D) Label B
E) Label F

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using Figure 5.1, identify the following:
 
-The...

Question 9

Small canals that connect osteocytes in their lacunae to the central canal are known as ________.
A) canaliculi
B) perforating (Volkmann's) canals
C) central (Haversian) canals
D) perforating (Sharpey's) fibers

Accepted Answer

Canaliculi are small canals that connect osteocytes in their lacunae to the central canal in bone tissue. Perforating (Volkmann's) canals connect the periosteum to the central canal, central (Haversian) canals are the main vertical canals in bone tissue that carry blood vessels and nerves, and perforating (Sharpey's) fibers anchor tendons and ligaments to bone.

Question 10

The skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage form the ________ skeleton.
A) appendicular
B) central
C) axial
D) main

Accepted Answer

The skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage form the axial skeleton. The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the limbs and their girdles, while the central and main skeleton are not recognized anatomical categories.

Question 11

What bones protect the spinal cord?
A) ribs
B) sternum
C) vertebrae
D) coxal bones

Accepted Answer

The vertebrae are a series of bones that form the spinal column and surround and protect the spinal cord. The ribs and sternum protect the thoracic organs, while the coxal bones form part of the pelvis.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
A) storage of fat and minerals
B) support the body
C) protection of soft body organs
D) regulation of blood pressure

Accepted Answer

The regulation of blood pressure is not a function of the skeletal system, it is primarily controlled by the cardiovascular and nervous systems. The other options - storage of fat and minerals, support the body, and protection of soft body organs - are all functions of the skeletal system.

Question 13

The process of bone formation is known as ________.
A) hematopoiesis
B) hemostasis
C) metabolism
D) ossification

Accepted Answer

The process of bone formation is called ossification, where bone tissue replaces other tissues of the body. Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation, hemostasis is the process of stopping bleeding, and metabolism refers to the chemical processes that occur within a living organism to maintain life.

Question 14

The first step in bone healing involves the formation of a blood-filled swelling known as a(n) ________.
A) epiphyseal line
B) bony callus
C) hematoma
D) fibrocartilage callus

Accepted Answer

The first step in bone healing involves the formation of a hematoma, which is a blood-filled swelling. This occurs when the broken blood vessels around the fracture site bleed, and the blood pools together to form a hematoma.

Question 15

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following:
 
-The area that causes the lengthwise growth of a long bone is indicated by ________.
A) Label F
B) Label D
C) Label A
D) Label E
E) Label C

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using Figure 5.1, identify the following:
 
-The...

Question 16

The temporal bones are joined with the parietal bones at the ________ sutures.
A) coronal
B) sagittal
C) squamous
D) lambdoid

Accepted Answer

The temporal bones are joined with the parietal bones at the squamous sutures. The coronal suture joins the frontal bone and the parietal bones, the sagittal suture joins the two parietal bones, and the lambdoid suture joins the parietal bones with the occipital bone.

Question 17

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following:
 
-The area that contains glassy hyaline cartilage that provides a smooth slippery surface which decreases friction is indicated by ________.
A) Label D
B) Label H
C) Label E
D) Label B
E) Label A

Accepted Answer

Label D indicates the area that contains glassy hyaline cartilage that provides a smooth slippery surface which decreases friction.

Question 18

Cube-shaped bones that contain mostly spongy bone are called ________ bones.
A) flat
B) long
C) short
D) irregular

Accepted Answer

Short bones are cube-shaped and contain mostly spongy bone. Flat bones are thin and curved, long bones are cylindrical and have a shaft and two ends, while irregular bones have complex shapes and do not fit into any other category.

Question 19

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following:
 
-The area that serves as a storage area for fat in adults is indicated by ________.
A) Label H
B) Label F
C) Label A
D) Label G
E) Label B

Accepted Answer

Label H typically indicates the area known as the medullary cavity in long bones, which serves as a storage area for fat in adults, specifically yellow bone marrow.

Question 20

The large hole located in the base of the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord and brain to connect is the ________.
A) occipital condyle
B) vertebral foramen
C) intervertebral foramen
D) foramen magnum

Accepted Answer

The foramen magnum is the large hole located in the base of the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord and brain to connect.

Quiz 5: The Skeletal System

Mothers who breast-feed their children will lose a percentage of calcium from their bones. Which hormone is responsible for raising blood calcium levels when they drop below homeostatic levels?

From superior to inferior, what is the correct order of the vertebrae?

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following: -The periosteum, a connective tissue covering on the diaphysis, is represented by ________.

An incomplete bone break, known as a(n) ________ fracture, is commonly seen in children.

Two or more bones meet at a location called a(n) ________.

The head of the humerus fits into the ________ of the scapula.

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following: -The diaphysis is indicated by ________.

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following: -The proximal epiphysis is represented by ________.

Small canals that connect osteocytes in their lacunae to the central canal are known as ________.

The skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage form the ________ skeleton.

What bones protect the spinal cord?

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

The process of bone formation is known as ________.

The first step in bone healing involves the formation of a blood-filled swelling known as a(n) ________.

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following: -The area that causes the lengthwise growth of a long bone is indicated by ________.

The temporal bones are joined with the parietal bones at the ________ sutures.

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following: -The area that contains glassy hyaline cartilage that provides a smooth slippery surface which decreases friction is indicated by ________.

Cube-shaped bones that contain mostly spongy bone are called ________ bones.

Using Figure 5.1, identify the following: -The area that serves as a storage area for fat in adults is indicated by ________.

The large hole located in the base of the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord and brain to connect is the ________.